-
Date submitted2006-11-27
-
Date accepted2007-01-06
-
Date published2007-05-01
Forecast of promising oil-geological objects on the basis of the analysis of the structure and location of the identified local structures, controlling oil deposits in the Baltic OGO
- Authors:
- D. Yu. Balykov
- A. A. Otmas
Industrial recovery of oil has been carried out in Russia since 1713 and the volumes of extraction are constantly increasing. The main precondition for the development of the mining industry is replenishment of oil reserves and putting new oil fields in operation instead of the worked out ones. Unfortunately, easily accessible and large deposits have already been prospected or worked out and currently smaller-scale and technologically difficult deposits are rated as balance resources. And it is natural, that prospecting expenses are also increasing from year to year. The task of geologists is to determine location of an oil-field with the maximum precision possible even before the first stage of prospecting work; analysis of geological structures of a perspective area being one of ways to achieve this goal. A brief review of the industry condition in the Kaliningrad Region is given. Zoning of the region has been done in terms of perspective discovery of new deposits basing on structural analysis.
-
Date submitted2006-11-27
-
Date accepted2007-01-03
-
Date published2007-05-01
Analysis and assessment of groundwater breakthroughs possibility during the zero cycle construction works within the Baltic Pearl multifunctional complex
- Authors:
- A. M. Zhukova
The construction site of the «Baltiyskaya Zhemchyzhina» multifunctional complex is characterized by rather complicated engineering-geological, hydrogeological and geoecological conditions due to the presence of a deep paleovalley on the site territory, unstable clayey soils and sand lenses with high water head as well as highly polluted ground water. The paper studies possibilities of confined water breakout during the initial stage of construction works depending on the excavation depth and position of the piezometrical surface. Calculations have been done based on the assumption that waterproof bearing block works in shear under the pressure of the confined water. The most dangerous zones in term of possible breakouts have been mapped. These forecasts were conformed during construction works and foundation ditch excavations at the «Baltiyskaya Zhemchyzhina» construction site.
-
Date submitted2006-11-25
-
Date accepted2007-01-25
-
Date published2007-05-01
Modeling of crystals and structures of rare minerals: zavaritskite, betechtinite, saffronovskite
- Authors:
- O. A. Murzinskaya
- A. V. Nepochatova
Brief description of three rare minerals, zavaritskite (BiOF), shafranovskite (K 2 Na 3 (Mn,Fe,Na) 4 [Si 9 (O,OH) 27 ](OH) 2 -nH 2 O,n≈2,33) and betekhtinite (Pb 2 (Cu,Fe) 21 S 15 ), are given. Digital models of their crystal forms and structures are simulated with application of the Shape v.7 and Atoms v.5 software packages. Basic structural patterns which may determine physical properties of the studied minerals have been revealed.
-
Date submitted2006-11-11
-
Date accepted2007-01-26
-
Date published2007-05-01
Statistical processing of the results of microstructural analysis of ice cores from deep boreholes at Vostok station (Central Antarctica)
- Authors:
- E. V. Polyakova
Original measurements of the optic axis orientation from 84 ice horizons in the depth range of 104-3516 m at the Vostok Polar Station covering more than 400 thousand years of ice formation have been analyzed for the first time in the history. Presence of significant textural anisotropies is shown. Statistical characteristics of spatial distribution density of the axes revealing the degree of the girdle fabric and single maximum fabric development are calculated. The resulting curves conform to the previous data and show different regimes of ice deformation depending on various depths. A significant role of the polygonization process in formation processes is also observed. The giant-crystal ice at the lowest horizons is probably a pegmatoid formation.
-
Date submitted2006-11-11
-
Date accepted2007-01-23
-
Date published2007-05-01
Development of technologies for killing and stimulation of oil wells during underground workover
- Authors:
- M. K. Rogachev
- D. V. Mardashov
- K. V. Strizhnev
Experience in development of oil deposits testifies that filtration parameters of bottom-hole formation zone are gradually declining due to killing and exploitation of wells. The main cause of this is utilization of water-based technological fluids which are currently widely used in the oil industry. A significant attention is paid nowadays to increasing the reservoir penetration area by use of active acids to stimulate oil and gas wells. Hydrocarbon-based compositions, particularly invert emulsions, are alternative systems to solve these problems.
-
Date submitted2006-11-21
-
Date accepted2007-01-09
-
Date published2007-05-01
Investigations by small-angle X-ray scattering of nanoparticles in the irizing labrador and features of mineral powders at the nanoscale
- Authors:
- A. P. Simakov
The small-angle X-ray scattering method was used to study samples of iridescent and noniridescent labradorites, albite and quartz. An X-ray unit fitted with a U-shaped Kratky collimator was used in the research at the wavelength of 1,51 Å. 0,1-0,2 mm thick labradorite plates and powdered minerals were used as the samples; the plates were cut across the crystallographic axis. Anisotropic scattering has been found in the plates of iridescent labradorite for the first time in the history. This scattering is probably connected with structural defects in iridescent crystals, whose typical dimensions are 50-150 nm. The curves of small-angle X-ray scattering obtained for iridescent labradorite and albite in the «scattering intensity» – «inverse space vector module» coordinates show expressed rectilinear dependence on the log-log scale. The fractal parameter D of these curves equals 2. This proves that the investigated plagioclase powder particles are characterized with flat surface within a wide range of dimensions from 10 to 150 nm. Similar scattering characteristic were received when investigating the quartz powder. It may be preliminary hypothesized that these features of X-ray scattering do not depend on cleavage characteristics.
-
Date submitted2006-11-10
-
Date accepted2007-01-03
-
Date published2007-05-01
Complex assessment of drained groundwater of Yakovlevsky mine according to the results of hydrogeochemical monitoring
- Authors:
- A. A. Timchenko
Hydrogeochemical monitoring carried out in 2006-2007 allows estimation of the activity coefficient of overflowing and secondary humidifying of rich iron ores in the underground workings of the Yakovlevsky Mine. Ubiquitous manifestation of H2S of various geneses was revealed during the research. Regularities in H2S and Cl– content patterns were revealed. Zones of active water overflowing from law carboniferous limestones were mapped for the –425 and –370 m horizons. A tendency of decreasing in levels of lawcarbonic aquifer is established. Zones with various water inflows to the –425 m mine horizon were revealed.
-
Date submitted2006-11-19
-
Date accepted2007-01-17
-
Date published2007-05-01
Quantitative estimation of block yield on deposits of facing stone with the help of three-dimensional computer modeling
- Authors:
- A. Ya. Tutakova
A method is suggested to calculate theoretical (forecasted) value of expected output of commercial blocks at the facing stone deposits, which is based on 3D modeling with application of the MICROMINE mining-geological information system.
-
Date submitted2006-11-02
-
Date accepted2007-01-16
-
Date published2007-05-01
Influence of engineering-geological and geo-ecological conditions on development of deformations and destruction of underground structures lining in St. Petersburg
- Authors:
- E. Yu. Shatskaya
The paper dwells on the influence of confined waters of the Nizhnekotlinsk aquifer, creating favorable conditions for microbiota development and its aggressive impact on construction materials. The main destruction forms have been classified basing on the research carried out in underground workings. Composition of water extracts prepared from destroyed concrete and various types of new growth have been investigated. A conclusion is drawn about the role of biocorrosion in destruction of tubing and a damp-proof lining based on the results of experimental research.
-
Date submitted2006-11-12
-
Date accepted2007-01-29
-
Date published2007-05-01
Improvement of the method of regulating the mode of mining operations by means of the schedule of minimum current volumes of stripping works
- Authors:
- P. V. Andrievskiy
The paper presents results of research into changes of the current overburden volumes at the initial stage of open pit mining at various conditions of the mining operation. A diagram of changes in the intensity of stripping operations together with a diagram of the minimal current overburden volumes enable to suggest a possibility to introduce an averaging method for service overburden ratio and to develop the most rational form of the diagram to secure the maximum economic effect from mining operations.
-
Date submitted2006-11-24
-
Date accepted2007-01-05
-
Date published2007-05-01
Prevention of soil rock heaving in area preparatory workings
- Authors:
- A. S. Zatsepin
The paper presents results of investigation into the influence of basic geological, mining and engineering factors of rock displacement in development workings. Conclusions are drawn on the mechanics of rock swelling. A conclusion is made on possible ways to secure technologically satisfactory condition of development workings. Optimal parameters of longwall mining with advance second working in the lower face.
-
Date submitted2006-11-23
-
Date accepted2007-01-29
-
Date published2007-05-01
Methodical aspects of evaluation of the role of geomechanical conditions of coal-bearing massifs in formation of safe conditions of mining of high-gas-bearing coal seams of the Pechora basin
The article states the main factors which have to be taken into account in designing highoutput cleaning complexes in conditions of the Vorkuta deposit. Basic approaches to solving this problem have been analyzed and the main problematic issues have been outlined. Research results are given, which help to establish functional dependence between the stress-and-strain state of the rock strata and its gas permeability basing on the analysis of the rock massif volumetric deformation and its impact on the filtration characteristics of the medium.
-
Date submitted2006-11-13
-
Date accepted2007-01-11
-
Date published2007-05-01
Connection of thermokinetic parameters and strength properties of rocks
- Authors:
- M. G. Menzhulin
- A. V. Trofimov
The article studies dependences of rock strengths on the time of their stressing basing on the thermal-kinetic theory of strength. The main task of the research was to calculate thermo-kinetic features of rocks and, taking into account cleavage data, to build up calculation dependences and compare them with experimental results. As the result, indices of dynamic tensile (pull) and shear strengths have been received, which are necessary for subsequent calculation of parameters of drilling and blasting operations.
-
Date submitted2006-11-27
-
Date accepted2007-01-27
-
Date published2007-05-01
Justification of rational parameters of prospective technological schemes of layer mining of thick polohugol beds
Analysis of perspective flow diagrams of layered mining of high flat coal-seam in the Kuzbass Region is carried out. A conclusion in made on the necessity to consider the influence of the underworked massif of the 2nd layer in determination of the ultimate thickness of the interlayer coal pack. Analytical studies of the stress-and-strain state of the underworked massif have been made. Sizes of weakened coal zones are determined and recommendations are given how to determine the ultimate thickness of the protective pack.
-
Date submitted2006-11-04
-
Date accepted2007-01-10
-
Date published2007-05-01
Development of recommendations on crossing of geological disturbances of mulda type at Starobinskoye field
- Authors:
- Y. G. Sirenko
- I. V. Pleskunov
- V. A. Pleskunov
The paper studies formation processes of geological dislocation of the syncline type at the Staroobinsk potassium salt deposit. A fundamental difference in formation of outburst and outburst-safe synclines has been established with application of advanced 3D modeling software.
-
Date submitted2006-11-28
-
Date accepted2007-01-29
-
Date published2007-05-01
Risk assessment of decisions at designing of open pits
- Authors:
- S. I. Fomin
- A. S. Semenov
The problem of accuracy and reliability of design decisions is a characteristic feature of the present stage in development of all material production spheres, including the mining industry. A whole range of unresolved problems still exists in enhancing reliability of open-pits designing. A lot of research publications are investigating interrelations of the accuracy and uncertainty categories with reference to specific conditions in order to solve practical problems. Scientific research in decision-making techniques in conditions of uncertainty and risk, in development of heuristic approaches, methods of stochastic modelling and programming are of utmost interest in terms of open-pit designing.
-
Date submitted2006-11-07
-
Date accepted2007-01-23
-
Date published2007-05-01
Georadiolocation researches of hydraulic engineering and transport constructions
- Authors:
- N. N. Efimova
- S. M. Danilev
The saved up experience allows to judge ample opportunities of GPR method for nondestructive control of operational reliability of hydraulic engineering and transport constructions. The GPR method is intended, first of all, for quality standard of a condition of constructions. High sensitivity of this method minor alterations in a structure, structure and a condition of materials of a design of a construction, do its irreplaceable for revealing the defects collecting, external loadings developing and shown under action and causing decrease in durability and bearing ability of designs as a whole. On examples of results of georadar-tracking inspection of concrete fastening of a pressure head slope of a soil dam of the Nizhniy Novgorod hydroelectric power station and a site of the October railway high efficiency of application of a method for revealing and estimations of geometrical parameters of defects of hydraulic engineering constructions and is shown to an earthen embankment of a railway way.
-
Date submitted2006-11-09
-
Date accepted2007-01-30
-
Date published2007-05-01
Reinforcement of foundations and bases of buildings and structures by drill injection wells for St. Petersburg conditions
- Authors:
- A. I. Korovin
Construction of new buildings has recently been realized on terrains characterized with complicated ground conditions, owing to a lack of free space, increased land value and other external factors. This has made it a vital prerequisite to reinforce soils in the construction area by different means including the injection piles technique. This paper reviews specific features of foundation reinforcement with root piles applied in St. Petersburg conditions, technological stages of their installation; data on full-scale tests are supplied. The main advantages of soil reinforcement with injection piles are given as compared with other reinforcement technique.
-
Date submitted2006-11-26
-
Date accepted2007-01-21
-
Date published2007-05-01
Application of laser-scanning technologies at mine surveying at quarries
- Authors:
- E. A. Pravdina
This article reviews a potential possibility to combine a 2D-mining plan with a 3D-terrain model, resulting from a laser scanner survey which allows improving existing mining graphic documentation owing to advantages of laser scanning as compared to classical techniques utilizing optical and mechanical instruments and distance-measuring theodolites. These advantages include high precision, data reliability and simplicity of the 3D-model application. These qualities combined with the information capacity plan of the plan help to work out a 3D-mining plan, which is precise and easy to use.
-
Date submitted2006-11-14
-
Date accepted2007-01-14
-
Date published2007-05-01
High-voltage electric drive of gas pumping units
- Authors:
- A. A. Grigoriev
Some aspects in application of various designs of drives for high-speed turbocompressors (ТС) for gas-main pipelines are considered. A comparative estimation of the efficiency parameters is carried out for gas-compressor units (GCU) equipped with variable-frequency electric drive and gas turbines. A technique to select the drive type for turbocompressors is described.
-
Date submitted2006-11-19
-
Date accepted2007-01-05
-
Date published2007-05-01
Justification of parameters of the technological equipment at hydraulic transportation of highly concentrated hydraulic mixtures
- Authors:
- S. E. Demyanov
An important task in designing hydrotransport mixtures with high concentration of solid particles is the choice of corresponding reological models on the basis of which all parameters of the hydrotransport system are determined. Attempts made by many researchers in applying reological models of pure liquids for high-concentration mixtures have rarely led to obtaining positive results. The core of the problem lies in complexity and sometimes impossibility to determine the main reological features such as upper yield point, effective dynamic and plastic viscosities, etc. Results of such investigations are published in a number of papers. The most often used approaches are the Herschel-Balkley model and two types of the Bingham model. From the practical point of view the Bingham model seems more preferable. The paper presents a design procedure to calculate parameters of high-concentration hydrotransport mixtures, which is based on previously developed mathematical model for transportation of such hydromixtures. This method is the based on the assumption that the blow body with variable values of solid particle concentration and viscosity is formed in the volume of high-concentration hydromixture. Experimental investigations carried out in both laboratory and industrial conditions using copper ore mill tailings have shown high convergence of theoretical and experienced data, which allows application of this model to calculate pipeline transportation of high-concentration hydromixtures.
-
Date submitted2006-11-22
-
Date accepted2007-01-13
-
Date published2007-05-01
Development of structure and algorithm of control of escalator drive with basic coordinates observer
- Authors:
- A. S. Ivanov
The paper demonstrates the necessity to introduce efficient adjustable electric drives for inter-floor moving ramps; a mathematical model has been created for an automatic drive control system and a mathematical model of the adaptive observer for the ramp drive has been justified and created.
-
Date submitted2006-11-24
-
Date accepted2007-01-18
-
Date published2007-05-01
Analysis of energy losses in hydraulic stage
- Authors:
- N. A. Ekimov
Energy losses in the flowing channel of a hydraulic turbine are considered. All losses are divided into several groups: profile losses, end losses, volumetric, hydraulic and mechanical losses. Theoretical studies have shown that the main impact on the efficiency is rendered by hydraulic losses, to decrease which blade profiling and enhancement of sealing joint design are required.
-
Date submitted2006-11-25
-
Date accepted2007-01-21
-
Date published2007-05-01
Investigation of frequency converter of adjustable electric drive on the basis of four level voltage inverter
- Authors:
- A. V. Kudryavtsev
High-power medium-voltage frequency-controlled electric drives are based on multilevel inverters of different layout. The paper is dedicated to enhancing characteristics of the frequency converter by means of a four-level voltage inverter with floating capacitors. The formation process of a four-level voltage inverter is studied on the basis of a computer model simulated with application of the Matlab Simulink software. An algorithmic method of voltage regulation with floating capacitors is offered and tested.
-
Date submitted2006-11-20
-
Date accepted2007-01-21
-
Date published2007-05-01
Reference complex on metrological maintenance of measurements of quantity of crude oil and oil gas
- Authors:
- A. N. Lyubchik
A 2-nd category reference complex for metrological assurance of crude petroleum and petroleum gas measurements is offered. The hydraulic circuit of the reference complex is developed. Analysis of advantages and disadvantages of the design is carried out. The time diagram offered shows execution of basic operations of the measuring algorithm.
-
Date submitted2006-11-25
-
Date accepted2007-01-13
-
Date published2007-05-01
Slaughtering electro-thermogenerator for combined thermal influence on productive formations of high-viscosity oil
- Authors:
- D. N. Markushev
Problems in extraction of high-viscosity oil and development small-scale fields are considered and possible ways of their solution are offered. Modern electro thermal complexes for thermal bed stimulation based on down-hole electrode heater and down-hole mono-tube steam generator are described in detail. A design of a combined electric thermogenerator and its operating principles are studied. Advantages in application of the electric thermogenerator are described.
-
Date submitted2006-11-05
-
Date accepted2007-01-01
-
Date published2007-05-01
Increase of reliability of electric networks 6(10) kV by means of application of automatic sectionalization points
- Authors:
- E. H. Muratbakeev
Expediency of sectioning medium-voltage air-insulated distributing mains is justified. Algorithms of re-closers functioning are given to organize decentralized control of emergency operations in distributive networks. Algorithms of decentralized management of the network emergency operations are considered.
-
Date submitted2006-11-07
-
Date accepted2007-01-25
-
Date published2007-05-01
Control and diagnostics of deep-water rod pumps equipment condition by indirect method on wattmetrogram with the use of artificial neural networks
- Authors:
- A. F. Sakaev
The paper studies possibilities to indirectly determine actual values of oil dynamic head in the well and load curves of the bottom-hole pump basing on wattmeter cards (electric power input curves) with application of artificial neural networks.
-
Date submitted2006-11-22
-
Date accepted2007-01-01
-
Date published2007-05-01
Electromechanical column drilling shell on a load-carrying cable for cleaning of bottom-hole zones of oil wells
- Authors:
- S. S. Staroded
The paper studies a dynamically-balanced electromechanical core drilling tool on a carrying cable, its purpose and the area of its application, construction and design diagrams, a mathematical model and a block scheme of the closed system with positive feedback.
-
Date submitted2006-11-30
-
Date accepted2007-01-19
-
Date published2007-05-01
Measurement and analysis of quality indicators of electric energy in networks of oil producing enterprises
- Authors:
- Yu. A. Sychev
The power quality and electromagnetic compatibility have been studied and analyzed in power supply systems of oil-producing enterprises. Measurements were carried out at the 35,6 and 0,4 kV buses at the switching stations of oil-production plants by means of the «Resurs UF2M» measuring device. Deviations of power quality indexes from GOST 13109-97 standards have been revealed through these measurements. Recommendations have been developed, which allow enhancing power quality in power supply systems of oil-producing companies by means of on-load regulation of voltage adapter settings of power transformer and installing active and passive filters to equalize upper and lower harmonics. A structure of complex automated system to control power quality and power consumption is proposed for power supply systems of oil-production companies.
-
Date submitted2006-11-22
-
Date accepted2007-01-02
-
Date published2007-05-01
Modeling of steady-state operation mode of air-pipe section
- Authors:
- M. A. Trotsko
The paper presents modeling of steady run operations of an air pipeline section and simulation of compressor operations. Modeling of steady run operations of an air pipeline section was based on equations of steady run regime of air flow in the pipeline and distribution of pressure in stationary isothermal air flow in the pipeline. Thus it became possible to determine the commercial air (gas) flow rate. The compressor plant creates pressure that is used to move air along the pipeline, forcing air to pass from the low-pressure area to the higher-pressure area. Dependences of compression ratio and specific power on the input air parameters and the number of revolutions of impeller shaft are the model of compressor operation.
-
Date submitted2006-11-19
-
Date accepted2007-01-11
-
Date published2007-05-01
Influence of electric drive control systems on self-synchronization of unbalance vibrators
- Authors:
- S. Yu. Tyagushev
The paper studies drives of vibration machines and offers an algorithm of automated control over angular positions of the vibration generator balance weights. Results of computer simulation of controlled drive of the vibration machine are given.
-
Date submitted2006-11-30
-
Date accepted2007-01-21
-
Date published2007-05-01
Experimental evaluation of transmission condition on the stand with closed power flow
- Authors:
- A. S. Fokin
- A. A. Poddubnaya
- S. L. Ivanov
Advanced diagnostic and monitoring devices are required to carry out timely maintenance and repair of mining equipment and to reduce the number of emergency shutdowns. The article presents a comparative analysis of vibration and acoustic emission diagnostic techniques.
-
Date submitted2006-11-03
-
Date accepted2007-01-09
-
Date published2007-05-01
Causes and consequences of magneto-hydrodynamic instability in electrolysis processes for aluminum production
- Authors:
- M. A. Glushchenko
Processes of aluminum electrowinning are frequently accompanied by magnetic and hydrodynamic instability. This phenomena leads to deterioration of the process characteristics and has to be compensated by a corresponding control system. The paper gives a summary of data processing on operation of a subsystem designed to detect and compensate metal agitation and describes a trend in software for automatic process control systems to compensate magnetic and hydrodynamic instability.
-
Date submitted2006-11-13
-
Date accepted2007-01-12
-
Date published2007-05-01
Research of technology of fine and superfine grinding of raw materials
- Authors:
- K. V. Kostrov
The selection and sizing of mills for regrinding and ultrafine grinding applications cannot be based on conventional techniques. This requires a more careful approach that considers not only the mil but also the application of the mill in the process. Selection of stirring mills for ultrafine grinding requires unique approaches that are able to answer the questions related to the selection of the circuit configuration, type of mill, media and operating conditions.
-
Date submitted2006-11-27
-
Date accepted2007-01-03
-
Date published2007-05-01
Investigation of refinery atmospheric column as a control object
- Authors:
- N. I. Koteleva
The atmospheric column is a complex technological object. This is explained by the complexity of technological processes inherent to it and which are revealed through a significant number and variety of parameters of the processes defining their evolvement, numerous internal communications between parameters and their mutual influence. Accordingly, there appear problems with control over this installation in production plants. The given research is carried out to create an automated control system for the atmospheric column. The paper describes the design and the processes taking place in the atmospheric column. Its model was created with the HYSYS software by Aspentech. Basic input and output values for process, their correlation, ways to regulate, the purpose and criteria of control are determined by means of this model.
-
Date submitted2006-11-05
-
Date accepted2007-01-10
-
Date published2007-05-01
Mathematical modeling of aluminum solution decomposition process
- Authors:
- D. A. Kremcheeva
A brief characteristic of the aluminate solution decomposition process is given. Main parameters and reactions of the process are described. A mathematical model of the process with provision for the coars and its granulometric composition is created. Simulation of the decomposition process has been carried out with application of the ReactOp software complex.
-
Date submitted2006-11-04
-
Date accepted2007-01-09
-
Date published2007-05-01
Recycling of solid domestic wastes
- Authors:
- Ya. V. Kuskova
Various kinds of the waste produced by mankind, in particular solid domestic waste (SDW) are, on the one hand, the main environmental pollutants, and on the other, they frequently represent valuable products suitable for processing and recycling. There are two main ways of waste reclamation: burial ground disposal and processing. Burial of SDW at dumps should be considered as forced, up-to-the-minute solution to the problem, basically contradicting environmantal and resource requirements. Gradual transition from burial ground disposal to industrial processing is the basic tendency in decision of the SDW disposal problem in international practice.
-
Date submitted2006-11-05
-
Date accepted2007-01-16
-
Date published2007-05-01
Mathematical modeling of open cycle of grinding in rod mill
- Authors:
- N. V. Nikolaeva
Modeling of ore treatment processes allows selecting those options that contribute to cost and risk reduction. The use of universal forecasting software packages, such as JKSimMet, greatly facilitates and accelerates the calculation processes associated with the analysis of ore treatment schemes, saves not only time, but also money, giving the opportunity to consider many options with the subsequent selection of the most effective. In some cases, computer modeling is the only way to obtain reliable results.
-
Date submitted2006-11-11
-
Date accepted2007-01-20
-
Date published2007-05-01
Development of universal model of catalytic reforming of gasoline
- Authors:
- P. A. Petrov
The article gives a brief characteristic of the catalytic reforming process. The necessity to simulate reforming reactors is shown. A universal model was designed that helps to analyze processes in adiabatic plug flow reactors both with radial and axial feeding of reagents. It considers the ratio the reaction rates between group components to reduce the number of independent variables. The model is designed with application of the ReactOp software complex. Simulation results prove advantages of the reactors with radial feeding as compared with the axial flow reactors. Suggestion concerning enhancement and application of the model are made.
-
Date submitted2006-11-09
-
Date accepted2007-01-23
-
Date published2007-05-01
Development of technology of processing of low-quality coal with the purpose of extraction of non-ferrous metals from it
- Authors:
- G. S. Roshchin
The technology presented permits to use different coal ranges, to solve the problem of ash utilization and significantly reduce emission of toxic elements into the atmosphere and at the same time produce metals and their concentrates. The main product is fine coal which can replace fuel oil and motor fuel. The flow chart of chemical purification of fine coal consists of 5 main stages: breakage, kilning in boiling bed, leaching, microwave irradiation and production of the water-coal mixture.
-
Date submitted2006-11-13
-
Date accepted2007-01-23
-
Date published2007-05-01
Weighted conversion of copper matte
- Authors:
- Yu. M. Smirnov
- K. I. Melnik
Calculations have been made of the material and calorific balances of the main chemical processes in gradual formation of copper during copper sulphide oxidation in solid and molten conditions. Calculations have proved the necessity of an optimal quantity of sulphide iron to be present in the charge to secure the thermal balance and copper recovery in conditions of suspended converting.
-
Date submitted2006-11-06
-
Date accepted2007-01-15
-
Date published2007-05-01
About the extraction of rubidium from acid solutions using complex compounds of rare chalcogenes
- Authors:
- A. A. Chernyshev
The main trends in crystallization techniques of rubidium extraction from nepheline ores and the possibility to use properties of complex tellurium halides for this purpose are presented in this article.
-
Date submitted2006-11-21
-
Date accepted2007-01-05
-
Date published2007-05-01
Some questions of development, application and production of germanium
- Authors:
- A. A. Chistyakov
- I. T. Zhadovskiy
A brief review of the current condition in the market of germanium and the areas of its application is given. Examples of technologies used in processing germanium-containing raw materials are given. A hydrometallurgical technique of slag processing with extraction of germanium and zinc is offered.
-
Date submitted2006-11-25
-
Date accepted2007-01-09
-
Date published2007-05-01
Assessment of efficiency of development of previously exploited places of deposits of OJSC Surgutneftegaz
- Authors:
- A. A. Avdeenko
The raw-material base is the base which all extracting enterprises cost on. Three basic directions on gainning stocks are in detail described: prospecting works, purchase of new stocks at competitions and auctions and development of scientific approaches to studying bowels with a view of application of the newest methods of oilextraction. Work of Open Society «Surgutneftegaz» in these areas has been studied. In particular the special attention is given to consideration of the scientific party of this process, namely efficiency of development of already maintained deposits. In connection with complication of conditions of extraction of a mineral, the expenses connected with investigation and operation of deposits raise. The major value in oil-and-gas branch gots the technologies promoting decrease of capital expenses for development of deposits. And first of all it is ways of development of oil-and-gas deposits, and also restoration of their efficiency at a late stage of operation. In this clause there are concrete examples of the decision of tasks in view are resulted.
-
Date submitted2006-11-01
-
Date accepted2007-01-01
-
Date published2007-05-01
Environmental and economic aspects of diversification of the regional market of heat and energy resources
- Authors:
- A. A. Boltenkov
The purpose of this research is to determine environmental and economic efficiency of the heat supply system reconstruction program in a number of administrative districts of St. Petersburg and to determine possible ways of their implementation with provision to the Kyoto Protocol requirements. The paper considers general problems of ecological and economic efficiency and reliability in formation and development of the regional heat-and-power market. Assessment of possible ways to implement these programmes with provision to the Kyoto Protocol requirements has been carried out basing on the results of this analysis.
-
Date submitted2006-11-22
-
Date accepted2007-01-06
-
Date published2007-05-01
Analysis of modern state of fuel and energy complex of Russia
- Authors:
- Ya. V. Voronina
- L. I. Iseeva
The fuel and energy complex has always been in the forefront of the national economy of the Russian Federation. And its problems are especially critical in current conditions when the concept to transform Russia into "an energy superpower" has been announced. It is not a secret, that the condition of the Russian fuel and energy complex is rather grave. Russia concludes more and more contracts for export deliveries in Western European countries and this particularly concerns oil and gas. Domestic consumption is also growing and there exists certain deficiency of some kinds of fuel and energy raw materials. Also there is a problem that incremental reserves of these raw materials fails to cover the growing volumes of their extraction. All of this occurs in the background of outdated technical facilities characterized by a very high degree of the physical asset deterioration. To tackle this situation it is required to develop nonconventional sources of energy, wide introduction of innovations and first of all large scale investment.
-
Date submitted2006-11-17
-
Date accepted2007-01-29
-
Date published2007-05-01
Application of international classification of ecological costs on the example of OJSC Karelsky Okatysh
- Authors:
- E. I. Gapeeva
The importance and necessity of Environmental Management Accounting is substantiated. It’s definition and international ecological cost classification are given in this work. Special attention pays to review of material production line of OJSC «Karelskyi okatysh», ecological costs and the environmental policy’s directions.
-
Date submitted2006-11-19
-
Date accepted2007-01-06
-
Date published2007-05-01
Economic efficiency of development of OJSC Severalmaz
- Authors:
- P. A. Zhigulevich
This paper estimates economic efficiency of Open Society «Severalmaz». This topic is especially critical because of the necessity to attract significant investment in this project. The main indices of economic efficiency have been determined as the result of the research into current production activity of the company which allows assessing feasibility of investment in production expansion and realization of the main project of the mining and concentration plant.
-
Date submitted2006-11-14
-
Date accepted2007-01-01
-
Date published2007-05-01
Main tasks of development of mineral and raw material complex industries Tajikistan
- Authors:
- Z. Zh. Ziyaeva
Sustainable development of national economy assumes accelerated industrial development and, first of all, those sectors that enable engagement of natural resources in production. These resources include mineral and raw material, hydro energy, as well as fast growing labour forces. Industrial complexes for priority development are the fuel and energy complex, non-ferrous metallurgy, chemical industry; mining of gold, silver and gemstones. Development of these industries will create favorable conditions for advancement of other branches of national economy.
-
Date submitted2006-11-11
-
Date accepted2007-01-16
-
Date published2007-05-01
Efficiency of innovative measures at complex use of iron ore raw materials (on the example of Mikhailovsky GOK)
- Authors:
- R. V. Korchenkov
- E. A. Solovieva
The issue of transition of the Russian economy from mining to production of hightechnology products is currently gaining more and more importance. The article reflects the main challenges of the iron-ore industry concerned with introduction of innovation technologies and describes experience gain by leading companies tackling this situation.
-
Date submitted2006-11-15
-
Date accepted2007-01-19
-
Date published2007-05-01
Direction and features of corporate restructuring of oil and gas companies
- Authors:
- V. V. Kosovtsev
- Yu. M. Mokhov
Restructuring is an activity which initial premises are the targets and the strategy of the company. For a company operating in market conditions, the basic target is to meet the demands of the market, increase its profit, enhance the efficiency and optimize taxation.
-
Date submitted2006-11-08
-
Date accepted2007-01-17
-
Date published2007-05-01
Increase of economic efficiency of coal utilization in the domestic market
- Authors:
- A. N. Martemyanova
- E. A. Solovieva
Russia is rich in different kinds of energy resources; however, the largest share in electrical energy generation belongs to natural gas. As the result of growing energy consumption the gasgenerated power is not capable to completely satisfy the country’s demand in electric power. Thus, to secure energy safety of the country it is necessary to diversify all sources of power and energy while reducing natural gas consumption. The only power resource that can currently compete with natural gas on the domestic market is coal. Abundance of this fuel type and a wide range of its applications can secure long-term energy safety of Russia.
-
Date submitted2006-11-26
-
Date accepted2007-01-25
-
Date published2007-05-01
Economic evaluation of hydrocarbon fields of Sakhalin Island shelf
- Authors:
- D. M. Metkin
This paper justifies advisability of marine oil and gas field development, which is envisaged by the Russian Energy Strategy up to the Year 2020. The Sakhalin Shelf of the Okhotsk Sea is proved to be one of the most promising regions to develop. The marine raw-material base of Sakhalin is described. Results of analyzing engineering development of marine deposits are given. Results of economic assessment of already discovered oil and gas fields are stated.
-
Date submitted2006-11-16
-
Date accepted2007-01-13
-
Date published2007-05-01
Formation of corporate companies in the Russian economy
- Authors:
- A. Yu. Nikolaeva
The paper studies peculiarities of corporate structures in the economy of the Russian Federation and the main stages in the development of Russian corporations are distinguished as well as prospects of their future development. Recommendations are given on how to reform RAE Energy Systems of Russia.
-
Date submitted2006-11-29
-
Date accepted2007-01-19
-
Date published2007-05-01
Improvement of organizational-economic mechanism of reproduction of mineral raw material base of oil industry
- Authors:
- N. V. Pashkevich
- L. A. Nikolaychuk
The paper offers an economic-organization mechanism of reproduction of the mineral resource base in the petroleum industry. The role of petroleum industry in Russian fuel and energy complex and the whole Russian economy is addressed. The paper also gives principal factors restraining the flow of investments into the geological exploration branch. The arrangements have been developed to attract funds into reproduction of the mineral resource base by enhancing financial and loan mechanisms, the licensing system and by reforming the fiscal system of subsoil use.
-
Date submitted2006-11-08
-
Date accepted2007-01-28
-
Date published2007-05-01
Formation and economic evaluation of variants of development of oil refining complex of the North-West Federal District
- Authors:
- E. I. Sapozhnikova
The paper studies formation and economic estimation of various ways to develop the oil refining complex in the North-West Federal District of Russia. A system analysis of development prospects in the oil refining branch in the North-West Region of Russia was carried out during the research. Three basic variants to develop oil refining production using the existing refining capacities of Kirishi (the Leningrad Region) and Uhta (the Nenets Region) are proposed based on analysis of existing and forecast structures of the power balance and capacities of these refineries in the North-West. The author developed a multifactor model of economic assessment of projects in the oil refining complex. An economic estimation of alternative variants of the oil refining complex development has been made on the basis of this model and the best variant has been chosen from the innovation development point of view. This variant facilitates the development and modernization of oil and gas refining and petrochemical plants, which will create a basis for long-term sustainable economic development of the North-West Region and enhancement of the regional balance between energy generation and energy consumption in the country.
-
Date submitted2006-11-12
-
Date accepted2007-01-19
-
Date published2007-05-01
Analysis of existing approaches and methods of environmental and economic damage assessment from environmental pollution
- Authors:
- V. E. Tkach
- P. V. Berezovskii
It has become topical to develop new techniques to estimate cost of damage which should be created with the view of the market relations. Furthermore, a detailed quantitative estimation of physical environmental damage is also one of the primary goals. Fundamental theoretical questions connected with estimation of economic damage, its assessment and its contents, as well as application of various methodical approaches to economic assessment of natural resources taking into account international experience and specifically Russian features have been considered by many well-known economists, e.g. Gofman K.G., Hachaturov T.S., Meleshkin М.Т., Balatskiy O.F., Fedorenko N.P., Gusev A.A., Kraevaya M.I., Mints A.A., Golub A.A., Solovieva E.A., Bobylyov S.N. аnd others.
-
Date submitted2006-11-06
-
Date accepted2007-01-14
-
Date published2007-05-01
State measures on support of Russian coal export
- Authors:
- O. Yu. Filatova
The paper justifies the necessity to develop and introduce public protective measures regarding domestic coal-mining companies that export considerable part of their production. Introduction of flexible railway transport tariffs is offered as one of the export protective measures. Possible ways of tariff changes are their proportional increase or decrease depending on changes in the coal selling prices as well as tariff binding to the average export sales profitability level of the company for a chosen period of time.
-
Date submitted2006-11-24
-
Date accepted2007-01-12
-
Date published2007-05-01
Choice of cost carriers at distribution of overhead costs of structural subdivisions of oil and gas production
- Authors:
- E. V. Shvareva
- D. V. Golubev
In a foreign practice three ways of an estimation of an overhead charge proceeding from specificity of the enterprise and a choice of carriers of costs are used. The first method is connected with concept of normative cost. This method is based on an estimation of an expected average level of business which will satisfy average demand from buyers within 3-5 years. Advantage of the given method is that long-term charges can mean more, than short-term fluctuations. In conditions of Russia the estimation for such period can be problematic, therefore this method has not found application. The method most widely used in the West – budgeting of annual volume – is based on an expected level of production next year. Advantage of the given method consists that it is easier to make forecasts for shorter period of time. However it is more subject to annual fluctuations. And, at last, the third method is based on the maximal practical capacity of manufacture. This method yet very much we shall apply in Russia as capacities of many enterprises are poorly loaded.
-
Date submitted2006-11-12
-
Date accepted2007-01-15
-
Date published2007-05-01
The Art of Feng Shui
- Authors:
- L. N. Andreeva
In Western developed countries the art of Feng-Shui has turned into a whole industry of design and entertainment. In fact, the whole material world of our planet is based on these profound principles. Feng-Shui is an ancient Chinese science that teaches how to live in harmony with the world, a science how to effectively organize living space and its use. The article gives some information about the origins and development of this science. Some secrets, concepts and laws of Feng-Shui are described on how to decorate and arrange home interiors.
-
Date submitted2006-11-16
-
Date accepted2007-01-09
-
Date published2007-05-01
Nanostructural modification and regulation of metal surface properties based on the effect of low molecular weight surfactant sublayer
Data on reactivity of different powders of aluminium depending on the program of nanostructure modification are analysed. Rows of increase of reactivity modified aluminium powders are obtained. Samples, exceeeding the initial aluminium powder on activity, are exposed. The effect of passivation of steel in coating containing a «triamon» under-layer is established.
-
Date submitted2006-11-13
-
Date accepted2007-01-02
-
Date published2007-05-01
Application of the boundary element method for calculating the parameters of the stress-strain state of a rock massif in the vicinity of workings of different outline
- Authors:
- A. P. Gospodarikov
- L. A. Bespalov
The natural stress-strain state of mining massif is disrupted while mining works is carried on. Different numerical methods can be applied for calculation of parameters stress and strain state in the mining massif: the finite difference method, the finite-element method, the boundary element method, the application of the last of these methods is described in this work. The problem of distribution strains around entries of different configuration, drifted in elastic, homogeneous, isotropic mining massif is described. The indirect method of fictitious stresses and the boundary integral method are used for solution this problem.
-
Date submitted2006-11-18
-
Date accepted2007-01-09
-
Date published2007-05-01
Influence of plasma-chemical processes on parameters of smoldering discharges in argon at high and low pressures
- Authors:
- A. A. Kudryavtsev
- A. V. Morin
- A. S. Mustafaev
A comparative analysis of the plasma-chemical process in high- and low-pressure glow discharges is presented. Processes that determine parameters of glow discharges have been determined basing on numerical simulation results. Correlations between spatial distribution of the main glow discharge characteristics and distribution of the main plasma chemical processes are presented.
-
Date submitted2006-11-21
-
Date accepted2007-01-12
-
Date published2007-05-01
Methodology of oil search in the Earth crust
- Authors:
- N. S. Lenchenkov
The article is devoted to problem of both natural raw materials base and economy of country. This problem is hydrocarbons prospecting in the Earth's crust. It has shown that the task of strategy or prospecting methodology creation have been becoming relevanceable in our days when a hit rate coefficient (the percent of a productivity wells) is low. The methodology has formulated on many questions base that qualify to modern idea about methods and means of hydrocarbons prospecting.
-
Date submitted2006-11-19
-
Date accepted2007-01-30
-
Date published2007-05-01
Differentiated approach to physical training of students of mining specialties
- Authors:
- I. A. Panchenko
The article studies the issue of a unified approach to student’s training during PE classes. The question of introduction of different PE programmes for various departments is raised. The author argues that syllabi for students from different departments should be developed basing on specific working conditions of their professions. The basic concept of the article is that undergraduates can be trained for their future professional life not only in their majors, but also in PE classes, the main goal of such training being preventive treatment of professional diseases, adaptation of the future young specialists to their labour activities even before their arrival at the industry.
-
Date submitted2006-11-03
-
Date accepted2007-01-23
-
Date published2007-05-01
Diagnostics of dielectric coatings by electro-static methods
- Authors:
- N. S. Pshchelko
- I. I. Pavlikov
The basic electric characteristics of dielectric materials and products from them are their electric capacitance and resistance. The purpose of work was development of an express train – technique and the inexpensive, mobile device for measurement of these parameters of highresistance materials on a constant voltage. The principle of work of the device is based on use of transients in connected in sereies elements having electric capacity and resistance. In the electric circuit of the device the MOSFET with high entrance resistance is used. Applications of the device are possible for: estimations of the controllable, specially created porosity of dielectric materials; measurements of humidity of wood, concrete and other porous, loose materials; revealings of impurity in small quantities in especially pure substances; revealing crystal orientations of monocrystals, etc.
-
Date submitted2006-11-15
-
Date accepted2007-01-25
-
Date published2007-05-01
Experience of development and implementation of nanostructured coatings for protection of metal structures at the enterprise of mining industry
Symbate (and in some cases linear) correlation has been established between water-repelling and protective properties of currently known nanostructured and conventional paint steel coatings; the surface passivation effect in steel surface with triamon nano- undercoating has been revealed during long-term corrosion tests in industrial conditions. Nanostructured protective coatings have been developed and introduced at mining companies for the first time in the history.
-
Date submitted2006-11-08
-
Date accepted2007-01-27
-
Date published2007-05-01
Policy of Total concern in Russia
- Authors:
- N. V. Fuks
- A. N. Sultani
Being on the fourth place in the world on capitalization energy company «Total» considers Russia as a country of huge opportunities possessing, a huge share of global stocks of hydrocarbons and as a potential partner for the foreign companies. Representing a positive example of conducting foreign policy, «Total» attachs great importance to the reputation won on a world scene. For penetration on the foreign markets, concern develops the social programs including projects of cultural, educational, ecological sphere. Undoubdtly, such politics is an important condition of successful business dealing. In work the brief review of activity of concern «Total», its projects, and also social policy in Russia is resulted.
-
Date submitted2006-11-22
-
Date accepted2007-01-27
-
Date published2007-05-01
Orthodox Russian Church in the 1920s
- Authors:
- V. S. Khloponina
The article includes the brief review of church development in 1920s years. The church position in the country is analyzed, changes which it underwent in these years are listed. Also its influence on the life of Russian people and actions of authority is considered.