The results of studying the scarcity of strategic minerals in the Russian Federation are presented, domestic consumption of which is largely provided by forced imports and/or stored reserves. Relevance of the work is due to aggravation of the geopolitical situation and a growing necessity to meet the demand of national economy for raw materials from own sources. Analysis of the state of mineral resource base of scarce minerals in the Russian Federation was accomplished, problems were identified and prospects for its development were outlined taking into account the domestic demand for scarce minerals, their application areas and the main consumers. Reducing the deficit through the import of foreign raw materials and the development of foreign deposits does not ensure the reproduction of the domestic mineral resource base, independence of the country from imported raw materials as well as additional competitive advantages, economic stability and security. It was ascertained that a major factor holding back the development of the mineral resource base is insufficient implementation of new technological solutions for the use of low-quality ore. Improving the technologies in the industry is relevant for all types of scarce minerals to solve the problem of reproducing their resource base. Taking into account the prospects for the development of the resource base for the minerals under consideration (manganese, uranium, chromium, fluorspar, zirconium, titanium, graphite) requires a set of legal and economic measures aimed at increasing the investment attractiveness of geological exploration for subsoil users at their own expense without attracting public funding. The proposed measures, taking into account the analysis of positive experience of foreign countries, include the development of junior businesses with expansion of the “declarative” principle, the venture capital market, various tax incentives, preferential loans as well as conditions for the development of infrastructure in remote regions. The proposed solution to the problem of scarcity of strategic minerals will make it possible in future to present measures to eliminate the scarcity of certain types of strategic minerals taking into account their specificity.
The insufficient volume of the assignments in exploration negatively affects on efficiency functioning of many industries and national economy as a whole. The most actual problem is the expansion of the mineral resource base of scarce natural resources, among which the most distinguished are chrome strategic raw materials. Geological risks are specific risks of exploration activities that have a significant impact on the volume of investments in the sector. In the article different definitions of geological risk are analyzed, its characteristics, ways for its assessment and management are considered. Recommendations for the geological risk consideration in order to increase investment attractiveness of exploration on the example of the scarce chrome ores are also given in the article.
Due to the problem of deficiency of some minerals in Russia and the insufficient volume of the assignments in exploration authors suggest an organizational and economic mechanism of mineral resources base reproduction. One of the elements of this mechanism is insurance of geological risks. In the article possible types and basic indicators of insurance in exploration are considered. It is noted that geological risks assess with taking into account all the factors affecting it is an essential part of insurance. Recommendations for geologic risk insurance in scarce mineral resources exploration are given.
Economic stability and competitiveness of the Russian Federation in many respects depends on a condition of the mineral resource complex process of reproduction of which demands constant state control and regulation. Mining gain is provided by geological prospecting and exploration. The insufficient volume of the assignments in exploration negatively affects on efficiency functioning of many industries and national economy as a whole. For this reason the problem of geological prospecting and exploration demands special attention and the prime decision. In the article the analysis of a current state of mineral resource base of the Russian Federation is carried out, the basic problems of prospecting branch are designated, ways of attraction of investments to mineral resource sector are defined.
In article the problem of deficiency of some minerals in Russia is considered. Internal demand of these minerals is not provided with current level of extraction and satisfied mainly by import. The analysis of the mineral resources base of scarce minerals is carried out and the basic directions of its development are defined. The peculiarities of prospecting junior sector formation are considered as perspective ways of improving the effectiveness of the Russian mineral resources base of minerals in short supply renewal. The complex of measures to attract investments of the large mining companies in the mineral resources sector of minerals which are in deficiency in Russia now is offered.
The article includes the brief review of church development in 1920s years. The church position in the country is analyzed, changes which it underwent in these years are listed. Also its influence on the life of Russian people and actions of authority is considered.
