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seismic data processing

Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2024-04-27
  • Date accepted
    2024-11-07
  • Date published
    2025-03-05

Comprehensive studies of the snow-firn layer in the area of the Russian Antarctic Vostok Station

Article preview

The article presents the findings from research conducted at Vostok Station during the 69th Russian Antarctic expedition. The primary goal of the research is to perform a thorough investigation of the snow-firn layer using both direct (drilling and core analysis) and indirect (georadiolocation and seismic exploration) methods. As part of the research, fundamental tasks related to the study of the structure and dynamics of the upper part of the ice sheet were addressed, as well as applied tasks aimed at justifying the depth of explosive charge placement for seismic work with the goal of conducting a detailed study of Lake Vostok and selecting the point for drilling access to the lake. Data on the microstructure and physical properties of the snow-firn layer were collected. The findings will allow for future improvements to the firn densification model, which is required to understand the evolution of ice grains during the early stages of metamorphism. The study's findings aided in the understanding of the structural features of the ice sheet's surface layer, allowing for more precise determination of the structural and physical characteristics of the snow-firn layer and ice, potentially leading to a better understanding of climatic and geological processes in Antarctica.

How to cite: Bolshunov A.V., Ignatev S.A., Gorelik G.D., Krikun N.S., Vasilev D.A., Rakitin I.V., Shadrin V.S. Comprehensive studies of the snow-firn layer in the area of the Russian Antarctic Vostok Station // Journal of Mining Institute. 2025. p. EDN KBAZNU
Geology
  • Date submitted
    2022-11-21
  • Date accepted
    2024-05-02
  • Date published
    2024-08-26

M1 formation tectono-structural features and gas-oil potential within Archinskaya area Paleozoic basement (Western Siberia)

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Western Siberian Plate basement oil and gas potential evaluation largely depends on structural and stratigraphic complex architecture representation. New modern procedures for seismic data processing, detailed Paleozoic deposits stratigraphic studies and expanded geophysical well logging significantly change the representation of the basement rocks fold-block structure and previously developed hydrocarbon reservoirs models. Detailed studies conducted within the Archinskii uplift showed that Paleozoic sediments form a contrasting folded structure complicated by block tectonics. The significant block displacements amplitude determines the lithological and stratigraphic basement rocks erosional-tectonic surface, while the identified stratigraphic blocks control the oil productivity distribution within the Archinskaya area. The filtration-capacity heterogeneity folded structure of the Paleozoic sediments is reflected in the distribution of hydrocarbon saturation in the well section, forming independent gas, oil, and oil-water zones for the development process. The relationship between anticlinal structural forms of basement rocks to lowered, and synclinal to elevated blocks, determines the necessity to conduct exploration prospecting within younger stratigraphic blocks when assessing the deep Paleozoic oil and gas potential.

How to cite: Belozerov V.B., Korovin M.O. M1 formation tectono-structural features and gas-oil potential within Archinskaya area Paleozoic basement (Western Siberia) // Journal of Mining Institute. 2024. Vol. 268 . p. 520-534. EDN XDUIIJ
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2024-04-10
  • Date accepted
    2024-06-03
  • Date published
    2024-07-19

Combined method for processing spent acid etching solution obtained during manufacturing of titanium products

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Possessing high strength, low density and significant chemical resistance, titanium has found wide application in various fields of the national economy – the chemical industry, aviation and rocket technology, mechanical engineering, medicine, etc. The production of titanium products is hampered by a fairly strong oxide film covering its surface. Removal of the oxide film from the surface of titanium workpieces is carried out by etching in solutions of mineral acids of various compositions. A spent acid etching solution (SAES) is formed, containing titanium salt and the remainder of unreacted acids. Almost all etching solutions contain HF and one of the strong acids. This is H2SO4, HCl or HNO3. Thus, the SAES includes ions of titanium, fluorine or chlorine, orsulfate, or nitrate. SAES is quite toxic and must be diluted or cleaned several times before being discharged into a reservoir. Most of the methods used to extract impurities contained in SAES lead to a decrease in their content. As a result of such purification, there is a loss of substances contained in SAES in significant quantities and of interest for further use. The work presents experimental results obtained from the combined processing of SAES containing titanium fluoride, hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids. At the first stage, SAES is treated with sodium hydroxide. The resulting titanium hydroxide precipitate is filtered off. At the second stage, the filtrate containing sodium fluoride and chloride is processed in a membrane electrolyzer. In this case, not only the extraction of sodium salts from the filtrate occurs, but also the production of sodium hydroxide and a mixture of hydrofluoric and hydrochloric acids. Sodium hydroxide can be used for processing SAES, and a mixture of acids for etching titanium workpieces.

How to cite: Bykovskii N.A., Kantor E.A., Shulaev N.S., Fanakov V.S. Combined method for processing spent acid etching solution obtained during manufacturing of titanium products // Journal of Mining Institute. 2024. p. EDN OVECLL
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2024-03-07
  • Date accepted
    2024-06-14
  • Date published
    2024-07-04

Anomaly detection in wastewater treatment process for cyber resilience risks evaluation

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Timely detection and prevention of violations in the technological process of wastewater treatment caused by threats of different nature is a highly relevant research problem. Modern systems are equipped with a large number of technological sensors. Data from these sensors can be used to detect anomalies in the technological process. Their timely detection, prediction and processing ensures the continuity and fault tolerance of the technological process. The aim of the research is to improve the accuracy of detection of such anomalies. We propose a methodology for the identification and subsequent assessment of cyber resilience risks of the wastewater treatment process, which includes the distinctive procedure of training dataset generation and the anomaly detection based on deep learning methods. The availability of training datasets is a necessary condition for the efficient application of the proposed technology. A distinctive feature of the anomaly detection approach is a new method of processing input sensor data, which allows the use of computationally efficient analytical models with high accuracy of anomaly detection, and outperforms the efficiency of previously published methods.

How to cite: Novikova E.S., Fedorchenko E.V., Bukhtiyarov M.A., Saenko I.B. Anomaly detection in wastewater treatment process for cyber resilience risks evaluation // Journal of Mining Institute. 2024. Vol. 267 . p. 488-500. EDN TBPPHN
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2023-08-02
  • Date accepted
    2023-12-27
  • Date published
    2024-04-25

Justification of the approaches to improve management strategy of the mining system based on the analysis of data on the mining of complex structural rock blocks

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Long-term activity of mining enterprises causes the necessity to substantiate the strategies of management of the mining and technical system functioning in terms of improvement of ore quality control, which is determined by its change in the course of field development due to the priority development of the main reserves and, as a consequence, forced transition to the mining of complex structural rock blocks with a decrease in the recovery percentage, which is typical in case the ore component meets the requirements of the feasibility study in terms of grade at substandard capacity. In this case, it is possible to identify the recovery percentage and the potential for its increase by analyzing the long-term activity of the mining and industrial enterprise, namely, by analyzing the data of mining complex structural rock blocks with the subsequent establishment of the relationship between the primary data on mining and geological conditions and information on the quality of the mineral obtained from the technological equipment. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to substantiate the necessity of improving the management strategy of the mining-technical system functioning, which consists in the fact that on the basis of analyzing the mining data of complex structural rock blocks it is possible to determine the ore mass losses and their quantity and to lay the basis for the development of decisions on its extraction. For this purpose, the collected data on the mining of complex structural rock blocks, accounting the geological and industrial type of extracted ores, were considered in modeling the conditions and studying the parameters of technological processes, the implementation of which provides additional products. It was revealed that the ore mass from substandard thickness layers is delivered to the dumps, and ore mass losses have been estimated at 25-40 % per year. It is proved that determination of ore mass losses based on the analysis of data on mining of complex structural rock blocks, as well as timely solution of this issue can significantly increase the production efficiency of mining and technical system. Taking into account for the results obtained, the options for optimizing the production of the mining and engineering system were proposed.

How to cite: Tsupkina M.V., Kirkov A.E., Klebanov D.A., Radchenko D.N. Justification of the approaches to improve management strategy of the mining system based on the analysis of data on the mining of complex structural rock blocks // Journal of Mining Institute. 2024. Vol. 266 . p. 316-325. EDN JOLUPJ
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2021-01-21
  • Date accepted
    2023-09-20
  • Date published
    2023-12-25

Adaptation of transient well test results

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Transient well tests are a tool for monitoring oil recovery processes. Research technologies implemented in pumping wells provide for a preliminary conversion of measured parameters to bottomhole pressure, which leads to errors in determining the filtration parameters. An adaptive interpretation of the results of well tests performed in pumping wells is proposed. Based on the original method of mathematical processing of a large volume of field data for the geological and geophysical conditions of developed pays in oil field, multidimensional models of well flow rates were constructed including the filtration parameters determined during the interpretation of tests. It is proposed to consider the maximum convergence of the flow rate calculated using a multidimensional model and the value obtained during well testing as a sign of reliability of the filtration parameter. It is proposed to use the analysis of the developed multidimensional models to assess the filtration conditions and determine the individual characteristics of oil flow to wells within the pays. For the Bashkirian-Serpukhovian and the Tournaisian-Famennian carbonate deposits, the influence of bottomhole pressure on the well flow rates has been established, which confirms the well-known assumption about possible deformations of carbonate reservoirs in the bottomhole areas and is a sign of physicality of the developed multidimensional models. The advantage of the proposed approach is a possibility of using it to adapt the results of any research technology and interpretation method.

How to cite: Martyushev D.A., Ponomareva I.N., Shen W. Adaptation of transient well test results // Journal of Mining Institute. 2023. Vol. 264 . p. 919-925. EDN VHGTUT
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2022-10-10
  • Date accepted
    2023-01-19
  • Date published
    2023-12-25

Assessment of the possibility of using leucoxene-quartz concentrate as raw material for production of aluminium and magnesium titanates

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Leucoxene-quartz concentrate is a large-tonnage by-product of development of the Timan oil-titanium field (oil-saturated sandstones) which is not commercially used at present. High content of titanium compounds (to 50 % by weight) and lack of industrial, cost-effective, and safe technologies for its processing determine a high relevance of the work. Conventional processing technologies allow increasing the concentration of TiO2, but they are only a preparation for complex and hazardous selective chlorination. The process of pyrometallurgical conversion of leucoxene-quartz concentrate into aluminium and magnesium titanates was investigated. It was ascertained that the temperature of solid-phase reaction in Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 system necessary for the synthesis of aluminium titanate (Al2TiO5) is 1,558 °С, and for MgO-TiO2-SiO2 system – 1,372 °С. Scaling up the process made it possible to synthesize a significant number of samples of titanate-containing products, the phase composition of which was studied by X-ray phase analysis. Two main phases were identified in the products: 30 % aluminium/magnesium titanate and 40 % silicon dioxide. In products of pyrometallurgical processing in the presence of aluminium, phases of pseudobrookite (3.5 %) and titanite (0.5 %) were also found. It was ascertained that in magnesium-containing system the formation of three magnesium titanates is possible: MgTiO3 – 25, Mg2TiO4 – 35, MgTi2O5 – 40 %. Experiments on sulphuric acid leaching of samples demonstrated a higher degree of titanium compounds extraction during sulphuric acid processing. An integrated conceptual scheme for processing leucoxene-quartz concentrate to produce a wide range of potential products (coagulants, catalysts, materials for ceramic industry) was proposed.

How to cite: Kuzin E.N., Mokrushin I.G., Kruchinina N.E. Assessment of the possibility of using leucoxene-quartz concentrate as raw material for production of aluminium and magnesium titanates // Journal of Mining Institute. 2023. Vol. 264 . p. 886-894. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2023.15
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2021-03-24
  • Date accepted
    2022-12-15
  • Date published
    2023-08-28

Composite model of seismic monitoring data analysis during mining operations on the example of the Kukisvumchorrskoye deposit of AO Apatit

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Geomechanical monitoring of the rock mass state is an actively developing branch of geomechanics, in which it is impossible to distinguish a single methodology and approaches for solving problems, collecting and analyzing data when developing seismic monitoring systems. During mining operations, all natural factors are subject to changes. During the mining of a rock mass, changes in the state of structural inhomogeneities are most clearly manifested: the existing natural structural inhomogeneities are revealed; there are movements in discontinuous disturbances (faults); new man-made disturbances (cracks) are formed, which are accompanied by changes in the natural stress state of various blocks of the rock mass. The developed method for evaluating the results of monitoring geomechanical processes in the rock mass on the example of the United Kirovsk mine of the CF AO Apatit allowed to solve one of the main tasks of the geomonitoring system – to predict the location of zones of possible occurrence of dangerous manifestations of rock pressure.

How to cite: Gospodarikov A.P., Revin I.E., Morozov K.V. Composite model of seismic monitoring data analysis during mining operations on the example of the Kukisvumchorrskoye deposit of AO Apatit // Journal of Mining Institute. 2023. Vol. 262 . p. 571-580. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2023.9
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2022-01-16
  • Date accepted
    2022-04-06
  • Date published
    2023-04-25

Production of biodiesel fuel from vegetable raw materials

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One way to reduce the amount of harmful emissions from diesel fuel could be the replacement of part of the fuel with biofuel. Research is related to the production of biodiesel fuel in three ways: transesterification of vegetable oils; esterification of fat acids extracted from vegetable oil; and hydroprocessing of vegetable oils using catalysts in the diesel hydrotreatment process. Food and non-food oils, monatomic and diatomic alcohols were used to produce biodiesel fuel. Optimal parameters of vegetable oil transesterification have been determined: temperature; raw material ratio (oil/alcohol); mixing speed; time; type of process catalyst. The characteristics of the obtained biodiesel fuel samples were studied and compared with each other as well as with the requirements of EN 14214 “Automotive fuels. Fat acid methyl ethers for diesel engines. General technical requirements” and EN 590:2009 “EURO diesel fuel. Technical specifications”. With regard to the physical and chemical characteristics of biodiesel fuel, the best way to produce it is by transesterification of vegetable oils. However, all fuels can be used as components of a blended environmentally friendly diesel fuel.

How to cite: Kondrasheva N.K., Eremeeva A.M. Production of biodiesel fuel from vegetable raw materials // Journal of Mining Institute. 2023. Vol. 260 . p. 248-256. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.15
Metallurgy and concentration
  • Date submitted
    2022-06-27
  • Date accepted
    2022-09-09
  • Date published
    2022-11-03

Study of the composition and properties of the beneficiation tailings of currently produced loparite ores

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The increase in demand for rare earth metals and the depletion of natural resources inevitably causes the need to search for alternative unconventional sources of rare metal raw materials. The article presents the results of a study of the composition and properties of the beneficiation tailings of currently produced loparite ores. Sieve, mineralogical, chemical, and radionuclide analyses were carried out. The average content of loparite in tailings was determined. Using scanning electron microscopy, minerals-concentrators of rare earth elements in the loparite ore beneficiation tailings were diagnosed. The distribution of valuable components and thorium in the tailings was determined depending on the particle size class. The radium-thorium nature of radioactivity was established, the values of the effective specific activity of the samples were calculated. We concluded that it is necessary to develop an integrated technology for processing the beneficiation tailings of loparite ore, due to the complex and heterogeneous mineral and chemical composition of the tailings material.

How to cite: Maksimova V.V., Krasavtseva E.A., Savchenko Y.E., Ikkonen P.V., Elizarova I.R., Masloboev V.A., Makarov D.V. Study of the composition and properties of the beneficiation tailings of currently produced loparite ores // Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 256 . p. 642-650. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.88
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2022-03-17
  • Date accepted
    2022-10-04
  • Date published
    2022-11-10

Improving the reliability of 3D modelling of a landslide slope based on engineering geophysics data

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Landslides are among the most dangerous geological processes, posing a threat to all engineering structures. In order to assess the stability of slopes, complex engineering surveys are used, the results of which are necessary to perform computations of the stability of soil masses and assess the risks of landslide development. The results of integ-rated geological and geophysical studies of a typical landslide slope in the North-Western Caucasus spurs, composed of clayey soils, are presented. The purpose of the work is to increase the reliability of assessing the stability of a landslide mass by constructing a 3D model of the slope, including its main structural elements, identified using modern methods of engineering geophysics. Accounting for geophysical data in the formation of the computed 3D model of the slope made it possible to identify important structural elements of the landslide, which significantly affected the correct computation of its stability.

How to cite: Glazunov V.V., Burlutsky S.B., Shuvalova R.A., Zhdanov S.V. Improving the reliability of 3D modelling of a landslide slope based on engineering geophysics data // Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 257 . p. 771-782. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.86
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2021-09-02
  • Date accepted
    2022-01-24
  • Date published
    2022-04-29

Complex processing of high-carbon ash and slag waste

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The paper considers a current issue of ash and slag processing for the Polyus Aldan JSC, that has accumulated over 1 million tons of this waste. Following the results of the review of Russian and foreign literature, four promising areas of their use were selected: road construction, building materials, reclamation of disturbed lands, and inert aggregates. To assess the possibility of implementing the selected disposal directions, the samples of ash and slag waste of the enterprise were sampled and analyzed. Fuel characteristics, chemical and mineral composition, as well as physico-chemical and mechanical properties of waste were determined. Taking into account the results of complex laboratory studies and the requirements of regulatory documents, each of the selected areas of using ash and slag waste was evaluated. It was found that their disposal by traditional methods has limitations, mainly related to the high content of unburned fuel residues. The high content of combustible substances and the high specific heat of combustion with a relatively low ash content suggested the possibility of thermal disposal of the studied waste. Based on the literature data, the characteristics of the preparation of organic coal-water suspensions based on the studied ash and slag waste were selected. As a result of a series of experiments on their flaring, the expediency of using the obtained fuel at the enterprise under consideration has been proved. The authors note the possibility of using ash obtained after thermal waste disposal in the road construction industry. The prospects for further research of technologies for the preparation and combustion modes of suspension fuel based on ash and slag waste are determined.

How to cite: Chukaeva M.A., Matveeva V.A., Sverchkov I.P. Complex processing of high-carbon ash and slag waste // Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 253 . p. 97-104. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.5
Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology
  • Date submitted
    2021-07-13
  • Date accepted
    2021-10-18
  • Date published
    2021-12-16

Prediction of the stress state of the shotcreting support under repeated seismic load

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The article assesses the impact of repeated blasts on the stress-strain state of the shotcreting support, which negatively affects the bearing capacity of the support and can lead to the formation of local rock falls in places of significant degradation of the shotcreting strength. Despite the fact that a single seismic load usually does not have a significant impact on the technical condition of the shotcreting support, repeated dynamic loading can lead to the development of negative processes and affect the safety. The article considers unreinforced and dispersed-reinforced shotcreting concrete as a shotcreting support. Models of deformation of rock and shotcreting support have been studied. To describe the deformation model of a rock mass, an elastic–plastic model based on the Hook-Brown plasticity condition has been accepted, which accurately describes the elastic-plastic behavior of a fractured medium. When performing the prediction of the stress-strain state of the shotcreting support, a model of plastic deformation of concrete with the accumulation of Concrete Damage Plasticity (CDP) was adopted, which allows to comprehensively consider the process of concrete deformation both under conditions of uniaxial compression and stress, and with minor edging draft. At the first calculation stage, a forecast of the seismic waves propagation in the immediate vicinity of the explosive initiation site was made. At the second stage, forecasts of the seismic waves propagation to the mine working and the stress-strain state of the support were made. On the basis of the performed studies, a methodology for assessing the impact of repeated blasts on the stress-strain state of the shotcreting support of the mine working is proposed.

How to cite: Karasev M.A., Sotnikov R.O. Prediction of the stress state of the shotcreting support under repeated seismic load // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 251 . p. 626-638. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.5.2
Mining
  • Date submitted
    2021-03-30
  • Date accepted
    2021-07-27
  • Date published
    2021-10-21

Integrated development of iron ore deposits based on competitive underground geotechnologies

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The article presents an analytical review of the current state of the iron ore base of the ferrous metallurgy of Russia and the world, identifies the largest iron ore provinces and iron ore producers. The promising directions of development and improvement of the quality of the iron ore base of Russia and the features of the development of new deposits of rich iron ores are identified. Effective technologies for the development of rich iron ores deposits that ensure an increase in production volumes are proposed. The geomechanical justification of rational technological parameters that are easily adapted to changes in mining and geological conditions has been performed. Based on the results of field studies, the use of an elastic-plastic model with the Coulomb – Mohr strength criterion for modeling changes in the stress-strain state of an ore rock mass during mining operations is justified and recommendations for ensuring the stability of mine workings are developed. Effective engineering and technical solutions for the complex development and deep processing of rich iron ores with the production of fractionated sinter ore, which increases the efficiency of metallurgical processes, the production of high-grade iron oxide pigments and iron ore briquettes, which increase the competitiveness of iron ore companies and the full use of the resource potential of deposits, are presented.

How to cite: Trushko V.L., Trushko O.V. Integrated development of iron ore deposits based on competitive underground geotechnologies // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 250 . p. 569-577. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.4.10
Geology
  • Date submitted
    2021-03-16
  • Date accepted
    2021-07-27
  • Date published
    2021-10-21

Allocation of a deep-lying brine aquifer in the rocks of a chemogenic section based on the data of geophysical well logging and 2D seismic exploration

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Advancement in the production of potassium fertilizers is an important strategic task of Russian agricultural industry. Given annually growing production rates, the reserves of discovered potassium-magnesium salt deposits are noticeably decreasing, which creates the need to ensure stable replenishment of the resource base through both the discovery of new deposits and the exploitation of deep-lying production horizons of the deposits that are already under development. In most cases, deposits of potassium-magnesium salts are developed by underground mining. The main problem for any salt deposit is water. Dry salt workings do not require any additional reinforcement and can easily withstand rock pressure, but with an inflow of water they begin to collapse intensively – hence, special attention is paid to mine waterproofing. Determination of spatial location, physical and mechanical properties of the aquifer and water-blocking stratum in the geological section represent an important stage in the exploration of a salt deposit. The results of these studies allow to validate an optimal system of deposit development that will minimize environmental and economic risks. On the territory of Russia, there is a deposit of potassium-magnesium salts with a unique geological structure – its production horizon lies at a considerable depth and is capped by a regional aquifer, which imposes significant limitations on the development process. To estimate parameters of the studied object, we analyzed the data from CDP seismic reflection survey and a suite of methods of radioactive and acoustic well logging, supplemented with high-frequency induction logging isoparametric sounding (VIKIZ) data. As a result of performed analysis, we identified location of the water-bearing stratum, estimated average thickness of the aquifers and possible water-blocking strata. Based on research results, we proposed methods for increasing operational reliability of the main shaft in the designed mine that will minimize the risks of water breakthrough into the mine shaft.

How to cite: Danileva N.A., Danilev S.M., Bolshakova N.V. Allocation of a deep-lying brine aquifer in the rocks of a chemogenic section based on the data of geophysical well logging and 2D seismic exploration // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 250 . p. 501-511. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.4.3
Electromechanics and mechanical engineering
  • Date submitted
    2020-05-13
  • Date accepted
    2021-05-21
  • Date published
    2021-09-20

Increasing the efficiency of technological preparation for the production of the manufacture components equipment for the mineral resource complex

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An increase of components production for the equipment intended for oil and gas production is a key factor for analyzing existing technological processes and searching for new technological solutions to improve the efficiency of the production process and the quality of components. The article presents a simulation model designed to determine the rational technological processing parameters for the production of the “Centralizer shell” part. The basis for optimizing the working cycle of a production line is synchronization based on the principle of proportionality, which involves equalizing the duration of all technological operations with the rhythm of the production line. Synchronization of technological operations on the production line is carried out by choosing rational cutting parameters for each technological transition (cutting speed, feedrate, number of working passes). The “Centralizer shell” part is made of titanium alloy VT16, which has high strength, corrosion resistance and ductility. For the part under consideration, the permissible values ​​of the cutting parameters were determined based on the calculation of the total processing error, as well as the frequency of replacement of the worn cutting tool. The simulation model described in the article made it possible to increase the efficiency of the production process due to the synchronization of technological operations and the search for rational technological parameters, as well as to improve the manufacturing quality of the “Centralizer shell” part by analyzing the processing error at various parameters of the technological process.

How to cite: Khrustaleva I.N., Lyubomudrov S.A., Larionova T.A., Brovkina Y.Y. Increasing the efficiency of technological preparation for the production of the manufacture components equipment for the mineral resource complex // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 249 . p. 417-426. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.3.11
Mining
  • Date submitted
    2020-06-02
  • Date accepted
    2021-05-21
  • Date published
    2021-09-20

Analysis of technological schemes for creating a geodetic control at the industrial site

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The article highlights the issues of creating with the necessary accuracy a planned control on the industrial site of the engineering structures under construction using satellite technologies and total stations. Depending on the design features of the engineering structures under construction, as well as the technological scheme for the installation of building constructions and industrial equipment, various schemes for creating such control are considered, based on the application of the inverse linear-angular notch. Errors in the source data are one of the main errors that affect the accuracy of geodetic constructions, including the solution of the inverse linear-angular notch. When creating a geodetic network in several stages, the errors of the initial data of the first stage affect the values of the root-mean-square errors (RMS) of determining the position of the second stage points, the errors of which affect the value of the RMS of the position of the third stage points, etc. The reason for their occurrence is the errors of geodetic measurements that occur at each stage of control creating, as well as the stability violation of the points during the production of excavation, construction and installation works. When determining the coordinates of a separate project point at the stage of its removal in-situ by a total station, the entire network is not equalized in the vast majority of cases, and the coordinates of the starting points to which the total station is oriented are considered error-free. As a result, the RMS determination of the points coordinates of the control network or the removal of the design points of the elements of building structures and equipment will also be considered satisfying the requirements, i.e. the measurement accuracy will be artificially overestimated and will not correspond to the actual one obtained. This is due to the fact that the accumulation of errors in the initial data is not taken into account when the number of steps (stages) of control creating increases. The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of measurement errors and initial data when creating a geodetic control on an industrial site by several stages of its construction based on inverse linear-angular notches and a priori estimation of the accuracy of the determined points position.

How to cite: Ustavich G.A., Nevolin A.G., Padve V.A., Salnikov V.G., Nikonov A.V. Analysis of technological schemes for creating a geodetic control at the industrial site // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 249 . p. 366-376. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.3.5
Electromechanics and mechanical engineering
  • Date submitted
    2020-10-05
  • Date accepted
    2021-03-30
  • Date published
    2021-06-24

Improving the efficiency of relay protection at a mining and processing plant

Article preview

The paper presents the results of constructing effective relay protection in the power supply system of a mining and processing plant (MPP). A brief description of the MPP is given, the power supply and substitution circuits used to calculate the short-circuit currents are given. A statistical analysis of failures in the electric network of the MPP has been carried out, which makes it possible to draw conclusions about the nature of failures ranges. Analysis of the registered faults shows that a significant part of them are line-to-earth faults, which in most cases turn into multiphase short circuits, which are interrupted by overcurrent protection. In order to improve the efficiency and reliability of the relay protection, the power supply scheme of the MPP was refined and analyzed. The calculation of the short-circuit currents was made, which made it possible to calculate the settings of the relay protection and give recommendations on the place of its installation and adjustment in order to ensure the normal operation of electricity consumers. To reduce the number of failures to the cable insert on the line leaving the administrative and household complex (AHC), and to increase the reliability of power supply to consumers, it is advisable to divide the capacities of the existing 10 kV line into two parallel ones by laying a second line. It is recommended to install a current cut-off on the line outgoing to the AHC, the feasibility of the installation of which was shown by calculations. This will reduce the chance of failures to the cable gland. Data on the setting currents of overcurrent protection and current cut-off are given on the selectivity card.

How to cite: Klyuev R.V., Bosikov I.I., Gavrina O.A. Improving the efficiency of relay protection at a mining and processing plant // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 248 . p. 300-311. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.2.14
Metallurgy and concentration
  • Date submitted
    2020-06-23
  • Date accepted
    2021-03-02
  • Date published
    2021-04-26

Automated digitization of radial charts

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Radial charts were commonly used in the industry to allow retrospective assessment of technological parameters. Today it is relevant to digitize the obtained data in order to simplify the automation of technological processes. Digitization of radial charts by means of standard methods is carried out with the help of human labor at significant time costs. The article proposes an automated method for digitizing radial charts using software, developed in the LabVIEW programming environment. The results of processing radial charts are displayed on the screen in numerical and graphical form, and can also be exported to a file (for example, to Notepad or MS Excel). The presented technique can be applied to images obtained on a color or black-and-white scanner, which minimizes geometric distortions, associated with the conversion of a paper document into electronic form, and ensures recognition quality of the clear plot line with an average relative error of up to 3 %. In case of ink fading or perspective photos of the diagram, the value of relative error can reach 8 %, as a result of which additional manual correction of the data will be required.

How to cite: Vasilyeva N.V., Boikov A.V., Erokhina O.O., Trifonov A.Y. Automated digitization of radial charts // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 247 . p. 82-87. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.1.9
Mining
  • Date submitted
    2021-01-25
  • Date accepted
    2021-02-22
  • Date published
    2021-04-26

Conducting industrial explosions near gas pipelines

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The problem to ensure the safety of objects which are in the area of blasting operations, ensuring the destruction of hard rocks, remains relevant. The article presents the results of a large-scale experiment to determine the safe conditions for conducting drilling and blasting operations near the active gas pipeline. The simplest and most reliable way to ensure the safety of the protected object from seismic impact is to reduce the intensity of the seismic wave, which is achieved by changing the parameters of drilling and blasting operations. This requires research to determine the impact of blasting operations on the parameters of seismic waves and the development of methods for measuring these parameters. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the seismic blast wave impact on the displacement of the ground and the model gas pipeline. The features of seismic monitoring during blasting operations near the active gas pipeline are shown. The seismic coefficients and attenuation coefficient of seismic waves are determined. It is proved that the readings of the seismic receivers on the surface and in the depth of the massive differ by two or more times.

How to cite: khokhlov S.V., Sokolov S.T., Vinogradov Y.I., Frenkel I.B. Conducting industrial explosions near gas pipelines // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 247 . p. 48-56. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.1.6
Mining
  • Date submitted
    2020-05-24
  • Date accepted
    2020-07-23
  • Date published
    2020-11-24

Estimation of ore contour movements after the blast using the BMM system

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Measurement of ore movements by blast is one of the key components of the quality control system at any mining enterprise, which allows to obtain the accuracy necessary for determining the location of ore contours. About 15 years ago, a monitoring system was developed in Australia that allows mine personnel to make three-dimensional measurements of ore blocks movement at each blast. Studies have shown that ore blocks movement is extremely variable, and it characterized by a complete absence of a deterministic component. The consequence is that modeling ore contour movements during the blast will be inaccurate, and the best results for the mining enterprise can only be achieved by directly measuring the movement. The technology of measuring ore contours movements considered in the article is based on three-dimensional movement vectors obtained in different parts of the blasted block, characterized by different movements. It is obvious that the accuracy of determining the ore contours position after the blast is proportional to the number of measurements made on the block. Currently, the movement control technology based on the BMM system is actively used by global mining companies, its use reduces losses and dilution of ore. In 2017, the pilot implementation of the BMM system was started at the Olympiadinsky GOK, and the system is being implemented in several Russian mining companies.

How to cite: Rakhmanov R.A., Loeb J., Kosukhin N.I. Estimation of ore contour movements after the blast using the BMM system // Journal of Mining Institute. 2020. Vol. 245 . p. 547-553. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2020.5.6
Geology
  • Date submitted
    2020-05-17
  • Date accepted
    2020-10-05
  • Date published
    2020-11-24

Geological structure of the northern part of the Kara Shelf near the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago according to recent studies

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Until recently, the North of the Kara Shelf was completely unexplored by seismic methods. Seismic and seismo-acoustic data that have appeared in recent years have made it possible to decipher features of the regional geological structure. This study solves the urgent problem of determining the prospects for the oil and gas potential of the North Kara sedimentary basin. The relevance of the research is associated with determining the prospects of the oil and gas potential of the North Kara sedimentary basin. The aim of the study is to clarify the age of the reflecting horizons using data on the geology of the island, as well as to determine the tectonic position of the sedimentary cover and basement structures in the north of the Kara shelf. The sedimentary cover is divided into three structural levels: Cambrian-Devonian, Middle Carboniferous-Cretaceous, Miocene-Quarter. The Cambrian-Devonian complex fills the deep troughs of the North Kara shelf. The most noticeable discontinuity is the base of Carboniferous-Permian rocks, lying on the eroded surface of folded Silurian-Devonian seismic complexes. The blanket-like plate part of the cover is composed of thin Carbon-Quarter complexes. The authors came to the conclusion that the fold structures of the Taimyr-Severozemelskiy fold belt gradually degenerate towards the Kara sedimentary basin and towards the continental slope of the Eurasian basin of the Arctic Ocean. A chain of narrow uplifts within the seabed relief, which correspond to narrow anticlines is traced to the West of the Severnaya Zemlya islands. Paleozoic rocks have subhorizontal bedding further to the West, within the Kara shelf. Mesozoic folding in the North of the Kara Sea is expressed exclusively in a weak activation of movements along faults. At the neotectonic stage, the shelf near Severnaya Zemlya was raised and the Mesozoic complexes were eroded. The modern seismic activity of the North Zemlya shelf is associated with the ongoing formation of the continental margin.

How to cite: Gusev E.A., Krylov A.A., Urvantsev D.M., Goremykin Y.V., Krynitsky P.I. Geological structure of the northern part of the Kara Shelf near the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago according to recent studies // Journal of Mining Institute. 2020. Vol. 245 . p. 505-512. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2020.5.1
Metallurgy and concentration
  • Date submitted
    2020-04-15
  • Date accepted
    2020-05-13
  • Date published
    2020-10-08

Processing of platinum group metal ores in Russia and South Africa: current state and prospects

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The presented study is devoted to a comparative review of the mineral raw material base of platinum group metals (PGMs) and technologies of their processing in South Africa and Russia, the largest PGM producers. Mineralogical and geochemical classification and industrial value of iron-platinum and platinum-bearing deposits are presented in this work. The paper also reviews types of PGM ore body occurrences, ore processing methods (with a special focus on flotation processes), as well as difficulties encountered by enterprises at the processing stage, as they increase recovery of the valuable components. Data on mineralogical features of PGM deposits, including the distribution of elements in the ores, are provided. The main lines of research on mineralogical features and processing of raw materials of various genesis are identified and validated. Sulfide deposits are found to be of the highest industrial value in both countries. Such unconventional PGM sources, as black shale, dunites, chromite, low-sulfide, chromium and titanomagnetite ores, anthropogenic raw materials, etc. are considered. The main lines of research that would bring into processing non-conventional metal sources are substantiated. Analysis of new processing and metallurgical methods of PGM recovery from non-conventional and industrial raw materials is conducted; the review of existing processing technologies for platinum-bearing raw materials is carried out. Technologies that utilize modern equipment for ultrafine grinding are considered, as well as existing reagents for flotation recovery; evaluation of their selectivity in relation to platinum minerals is presented. Basing on the analysis of main technological processes of PGM ore treatment, the most efficient schemes are identified, i.e.,gravity and flotation treatment with subsequent metallurgical processing.

How to cite: Aleksandrova T.N., О’Connor C. Processing of platinum group metal ores in Russia and South Africa: current state and prospects // Journal of Mining Institute. 2020. Vol. 244 . p. 462-473. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2020.4.9
Electromechanics and mechanical engineering
  • Date submitted
    2019-07-11
  • Date accepted
    2019-09-04
  • Date published
    2019-12-24

Recent scientific research on electrothermal metallurgical processes

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A wide range of industrial metallurgical heating and melting processes are carried out using electrothermal technologies. The application of electrothermal processes offers many advantages from technological, ecological and economical point of view. Although the technology level of the electro heating and melting installations and processes used in the industry today is very high, there are still potentials for improvement and optimization due to the increasing complexity of the applications and the strong requirements regarding the performance and quality of the products but also regarding the reduction of time and costs for the development of new processes and technologies. In this paper recent applications and future development trends for efficient heating and melting by electrothermal technologies in metallurgical processes are described along selected examples like induction heating for forging or rolling of billets, heat treatment of strips and plates, press-hardening processes, induction surface hardening of complex geometries, induction welding as well as induction melting processes.

How to cite: Baake E., Shpenst V.A. Recent scientific research on electrothermal metallurgical processes // Journal of Mining Institute. 2019. Vol. 240 . p. 660-668. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2019.6.660
Electromechanics and mechanical engineering
  • Date submitted
    2019-07-06
  • Date accepted
    2019-08-25
  • Date published
    2019-12-24

Improving the efficiency of technological preparation of single and small batch production based on simulation modeling

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Technological preparation of production is an integral stage of the production process, which is characterized by high complexity, which is largely felt in the conditions of single and small-scale types of production. The effectiveness of technological preparation of production is increased through automation with the use of simulation modeling. The objective of the study is to develop a simulation model that allows you to determine a rational version of the process for processing a batch of parts. The simulation model described in the article allows to analyze the production schedule of the enterprise, build processing routes, evaluate options for using various types of workpieces and technological equipment, determine the acceptable values of cutting conditions, and choose a rational variant of the technological process of processing a batch of parts. The developed simulation model is based on the principles of modular technologies, the part is considered as a combination of individual elementary surfaces. Each elementary surface contains information about the technological processing route, technological equipment and the type of technological equipment used in its manufacture, cutting conditions and the size of the allowance for each processing stage. The rational choice of the technological process is selected on the basis of multicriteria analysis according to three criteria: the value of variable costs, the production time of a batch of parts and the value of the processing error. The analysis of these criteria is made and the parameters that have the greatest impact on their value are determined. The developed classification of surface elements is described: design elements, technological elements, basic elements, as well as a mathematical model based on which the calculation of the values of the criteria for choosing a rational option.

How to cite: Lyubomudrov S.A., Khrustaleva I.N., Tolstoles A.A., Maslakov A.P. Improving the efficiency of technological preparation of single and small batch production based on simulation modeling // Journal of Mining Institute. 2019. Vol. 240 . p. 669-677. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2019.6.669