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Date submitted2024-04-24
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Date accepted2024-09-24
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Date published2024-11-12
Study and justification of the combination of beneficiation processes for obtaining flake graphite from technogenic carbon-containing dusts
The most important task of modern production development is to provide the mineral and raw materials sector of the economy with resources included in the list of strategic raw materials, including flake graphite. In addition to natural raw materials, the source of its obtaining can be metallurgical production wastes not involved in processing. Development of metallurgical dust beneficiation technology will solve the problem of obtaining high-purity flake graphite with a crystal structure close to ideal and in demand in the production of high-tech materials. It will allow creating a renewable raw material base of graphite and utilising metallurgical production wastes. The research included the study of dust beneficiation by coarseness, magnetic and flotation methods, the influence of dust disintegration processes on beneficiation indicators. Based on the established technological properties of the components of dusts, magnetic, flotation and gravity beneficiation methods can be applied for their separation in different sequence. It is shown that dusts from different sites have different enrichability by these methods, and it should be taken into account when developing a complex technology of their processing. The degree of beneficiation increases in a row of dusts from the blast furnace shop (BF) – electric steel smelting shop (ESS) – oxygen-converter shop (OCS). The method of grinding has a significant influence on the separation indicators – at dry grinding in a centrifugal-impact mill with subsequent pneumatic classification the quality of graphite concentrates increases by 22.7 % of carbon for BF dust and by 13.48 % of carbon for ESS dust. OCS dust beneficiation indicators are high at coarse grinding with steel medium – mass fraction of carbon 96.1 %.
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Date submitted2023-06-01
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Date accepted2024-03-05
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Date published2024-08-26
Analyzing friction bolts load bearing capacity in varying rock masses: an experimental study in Anti Atlas Imiter silver mining region, Morocco
This study analyzes how key factors impact friction rock bolt capacity using standard pull-out tests, focusing on 39 mm diameter, 180 cm long split-tube bolts. We investigate bolt performance dependence on rock mass rating (RMR), time after installation, schistosity orientation, surface roughness, and installation quality. The aim is optimizing bolt design and implementation for enhanced underground stability and safety. Results show RMR strongly exponentially correlates with pull-out resistance; higher quality rock masses increase capacity. Anchorage capacity significantly rises over time, especially for RMR above 70. Increasing angle between bolt axis and rock foliation from 0 to 90° boosts pull-out response. Reducing borehole diameter below bolt diameter grows bolt-ground friction. Empirical models estimate load capacity based on RMR, time, orientation, diameter, roughness and installation quality. These reliably predict bolt performance from site conditions, significantly improving on basic RMR methods. Experiments provide practical friction bolt behavior insights for typical rock masses. The data-driven analysis ensures models are applicable to actual underground scenarios. This enables tailored optimization of bolting configurations and supports. Methodologies presented should improve safety, efficiency and cost-effectiveness of reinforced mining and tunneling. Overall, this study fundamentally furthers friction bolt performance understanding, enabling superior underground support design.
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Date submitted2022-05-20
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Date accepted2023-06-20
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Date published2024-02-29
Increasing the quality of zeolite-bearing rocks from Eastern Transbaikalia by applying directed energy
This paper presents the use of accelerated electrons to treat zeolite-bearing rocks from Eastern Transbaikalia to increase the efficiency of separating zeolites from rock-forming minerals via electromagnetic separation. The effectiveness of the liberation of zeolite minerals using accelerated electrons was analyzed. The results of dry electromagnetic separation of zeolite-bearing rocks are presented. The dependence of the extraction of iron-bearing minerals from zeolite-bearing rocks by electromagnetic separation on the magnetic field intensity for different particle sizes has been established. The main methods of zeolite-bearing rock enrichment and ore preparation were determined. A technological scheme for processing zeolite-bearing rocks, based on the use of accelerated electron treatment at the ore preparation stage, is presented, significantly improving the zeolite production quality.
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Date submitted2022-03-25
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Date accepted2022-09-06
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Date published2022-12-29
Autoclave modeling of corrosion processes occurring in a gas pipeline during transportation of an unprepared multiphase medium containing CO2
The problem of selecting a method for ensuring the reliability of the unprepared fluid transport facilities of an unprepared fluid in the presence of carbon dioxide is considered. Carbon dioxide corrosion is one of the dangerous types of damage to field and main pipelines. It has been shown that dynamic autoclave tests should be carried out during staged laboratory tests in order to determine the intensity of carbon dioxide corrosion and to select the optimal method of protection. A hypothesis about the imperfection of the existing generally accepted approaches to dynamic corrosion testing has been put forward and confirmed. A test procedure based on the use of an autoclave with an overhead stirrer, developed using elements of mathematical modeling, is proposed. The flows created in the autoclave provide corrosive wear of the sample surface similar to the internal surfaces elements wear of the pipelines piping of gas condensate wells. The autoclave makes it possible to simulate the effect of the organic phase on the flow rate and the nature of corrosion damage to the metal surface, as well as the effect of the stirrer rotation speed and, accordingly, the shear stress of the cross section on the corrosion rate in the presence/absence of a corrosion inhibitor. The given results of staged tests make it possible to judge the high efficiency of the developed test procedure.
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Date submitted2022-03-24
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Date accepted2022-07-21
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Date published2022-12-29
A probabilistic study on hole cleaning optimization
- Authors:
- Seyyed Shahab Tabatabaee Moradi
Hole cleaning is considered as one of the most important drilling fluid functions. An efficient hole cleaning ensures a reliable well drilling practice with minimum troublesome problems. In this study, two main steps of hole cleaning, i.e., cuttings removal from under the bit and cuttings transport to the surface are discussed based on the drilling data of a shale formation. The traditional models for optimization of each step are presented. As the models require variety of input data, which are usually subjected to some extent of errors and uncertainties, the output of the model is also an uncertain parameter. Using Monte Carlo simulation, a simple probabilistic study was conducted to quantify the certainty level of the obtained results. Based on the result of this study, it is shown that for the proposed well, a good hole cleaning is expected. However, a more reliable decision for further hole cleaning optimization should be made considering the results of uncertainty analysis.
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Date submitted2022-06-02
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Date accepted2022-07-21
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Date published2022-10-05
Substantiation of the optimal performance parameters for a quarry during the stage-wise development of steeply dipping ore deposits
- Authors:
- Sergey I. Fomin
- Maxim P. Ovsyannikov
The use of stage-wise schemes in the development of deep quarries is one of the ways to increase the economic efficiency of mining a deposit and determining the optimal stage parameters remains an urgent task. Such parameters are stage depth, bench height, block length, etc. However, there is a wide range of values for these parameters. Therefore, to select the optimal values and evaluate the effectiveness of design solutions, it is advisable to use the net present value, which is an international notion. As a result of the analysis of data on deposits, a large number of variable indicators can be identified that presumably affect the efficiency of mining. The article proposes to divide all parameters of the quarry mining into two types: mine engineering and economic. The importance of each of them is determined by the measure of influence on the net present value. Thus, to assess the measure of influence of mining indicators, the average values of each of them are taken, and as a result of the alternating change of one parameter under study, the measure of its influence on the discounted income received is estimated. The results of the analysis of relevant factors, their evaluation and comparative analysis are important indicators that significantly affect the design decisions made and the effectiveness of the investment project.
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Date submitted2020-06-02
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Date accepted2021-05-21
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Date published2021-09-20
Analysis of technological schemes for creating a geodetic control at the industrial site
The article highlights the issues of creating with the necessary accuracy a planned control on the industrial site of the engineering structures under construction using satellite technologies and total stations. Depending on the design features of the engineering structures under construction, as well as the technological scheme for the installation of building constructions and industrial equipment, various schemes for creating such control are considered, based on the application of the inverse linear-angular notch. Errors in the source data are one of the main errors that affect the accuracy of geodetic constructions, including the solution of the inverse linear-angular notch. When creating a geodetic network in several stages, the errors of the initial data of the first stage affect the values of the root-mean-square errors (RMS) of determining the position of the second stage points, the errors of which affect the value of the RMS of the position of the third stage points, etc. The reason for their occurrence is the errors of geodetic measurements that occur at each stage of control creating, as well as the stability violation of the points during the production of excavation, construction and installation works. When determining the coordinates of a separate project point at the stage of its removal in-situ by a total station, the entire network is not equalized in the vast majority of cases, and the coordinates of the starting points to which the total station is oriented are considered error-free. As a result, the RMS determination of the points coordinates of the control network or the removal of the design points of the elements of building structures and equipment will also be considered satisfying the requirements, i.e. the measurement accuracy will be artificially overestimated and will not correspond to the actual one obtained. This is due to the fact that the accumulation of errors in the initial data is not taken into account when the number of steps (stages) of control creating increases. The purpose of this work is to analyze the influence of measurement errors and initial data when creating a geodetic control on an industrial site by several stages of its construction based on inverse linear-angular notches and a priori estimation of the accuracy of the determined points position.
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Date submitted2020-06-22
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Date accepted2020-07-24
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Date published2020-06-30
Methods for assessing the technical compatibility of heterogeneous elements within a technical system
The article provides methods for assessing the compatibility of elements in the design of complex technical systems. The compatibility of the elements is considered as the main indicator that determines the quality of systems including heterogeneous elements. The presented methods make it possible at the design stage to choose a technical solution that is most suitable for the project objectives, taking into account the operating conditions of the system. The methods make it possible to evaluate compatibility by a single and complex indicator. The choice of indicator depends on the purpose of the assessment. An example of methods implementation in the design of systems including an electric drive and pipeline shutoff valves is considered. It has been experimentally proved that in systems with low values of the compatibility level, the actual power characteristics exceed the required values, which leads to additional voltages in the system elements and their breakdowns. The results of the assessment of typical systems allowed to identify the shortcomings of existing structures and propose alternative solutions to problems. The compatibility of elements within the framework of a technical system makes it possible to increase the functional efficiency of systems with minimum weight and size and power characteristics, to optimize the price-quality ratio, and to increase the competitiveness of the final product.
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Date submitted2019-05-14
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Date accepted2019-07-05
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Date published2020-04-24
Development of spacer fluids and cement slurries compositions for lining of wells at high temperatures
Article is devoted to creation of new compositions of process solutions for lining of directional wells at high temperatures. Developed compositions provide high durability characteristics of cement stone. It is shown that with an increase in packing density of cementing slurry components durability characteristics increase and porosity and permeability of cement stone decrease, whereas an increase in temperature and pressure leads to a significant increase in compressive and bending durability, which is associated with presence of quartz in them. It has been established that introduction of special structure-forming additives to the composition of developed cementing solutions allows formation of sedimentation-resistant cement systems that can provide an increase in durability characteristics of cement stone and, in general, quality lining of directional wells. Study of rheological properties of developed cementing compositions showed that the systems have high yield strength at increased temperatures and pressures. Developed compositions of water-based spacer fluids increase the cleansing degree for both casing and rocks surfaces from mud and clay cake residues, which improves the cementing quality of oil and gas wells. Mechanism for increasing the washing ability of spacer fluids and durability characteristics of cement stone, depending on composition and properties of their constituent components, is disclosed.
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Date submitted2019-03-17
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Date accepted2019-05-13
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Date published2019-08-23
Manifestations of Acoustic Emission in Frozen Soils with Simultaneous Influence of Variable Mechanical and Thermal Effects on Them
- Authors:
- E. A. Novikov
- V. I. Shkuratnik
- M. G. Zaytsev
The subject of the research is to establish the fundamental laws of acoustic emission in frozen soils, which allow to create ways to control (monitor) their stability under the influence of variable temperature fields and quasistatic mechanical stress from engineering objects located on these grounds for various purposes. The applied importance of such methods is to increase the speed and reduce the complexity of engineering geological surveys in the northern regions of Russia, carried out with the aim of predicting the loss of stability of the bases of buildings and structures to ensure their safe operation. The study was performed on the original instrumental complex. Its description and characteristics are given. With the use of this complex, thermoacoustic emission effects arising from the repeated alternation of freezing and thawing cycles of the soil during the development of its deformed state, starting from the normal compaction phase and up to the final stage of destruction (the bulging phase), have been studied. It is shown that on the basis of such informative parameters as thermally stimulated activity and duration of acoustic emission pulses, an indicator can be obtained that quantitatively characterizes the stages of the stress-strain state of soils. An experimental dependence of the field of values of this indicator as a function of the mechanical stress and the fractional composition of the test soil is given. The qualitative convergence of this dependence with the classical soil deformation diagram obtained by N.M.Hersevanov is shown, where the stages of compaction, loss of stability (shifts) and destruction are highlighted. Possible physical mechanisms and features of the formation of an acoustic emission response at each of these stages are considered and substantiated. It is noted that the approaches to receiving, processing and interpreting acoustic emission measurement information, which are grounded within the framework of the study, allow to control and monitoring of the carrying capacity and stress-strain state of soils directly in the field.
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Date submitted2019-01-16
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Date accepted2019-03-07
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Date published2019-06-25
Sintered sorbent utilization for H2S removal from industrial flue gas in the process of smelter slag granulation
- Authors:
- A. B. Lebedev
- V. A. Utkov
- A. A. Khalifa
Authors suggest removing hydrogen sulfide from the hot industrial gas at temperatures 200-300 °C and its subsequent interaction with Fe 2 O 3 . For this purpose the following sorbents have been proposed: a mixture of iron oxide and fly ash; iron oxide and pumice; different samples of red mud (bauxite treatment residues containing iron oxide). To prevent dusting and loss of absorbing capacity, the sorbents were shaped into porous granules with other metallic oxides. Materials utilized in the study were obtained the following way: mixing of Fe 2 O 3 with fly ash; sintering of the mixture with red mud. The blend contains aluminum oxide and silica, which can act as matrix shapers, alkali oxides and fluxing agents that reduce the temperature during metal sintering. After the samples had been saturated with sulfur, they were positioned in a venting reservoir, where under the temperature 600-700 °C desorption to the initial state occurred by means of passing an air flow through the sorbent layer. In the process of this operation, sulfur dioxide was released and reactive metal oxides re-emerged. Desorption also generated a small amount of elemental sulfur and sulfuric acid. Absorbing capacity was assessed at higher temperatures, efficiency of H 2 S removal reached 95-99.9 %. Proposed technology of air cleaning is recommended to use in metallurgic processes with elevated atmospheric pollution, e.g. granulation of melted blast-furnace slag.
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Date submitted2018-09-02
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Date accepted2018-10-28
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Date published2019-02-22
Factors affecting bacterial and chemical processes of sulphide ores processing
- Authors:
- T. S. Khainasova
Extraction of valuable components from sulphide ores using microorganisms is a recognized biotechnological method, combining several advantages over traditional methods of mineral processing. This paper presents the main factors affecting the bacterial-chemical leaching and methods of leaching with the participation of microorganisms. Some physical-chemical (temperature, pH, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, metals and other chemical elements) and microbial (cell count and microflora activity) properties are given, either directly or indirectly (suppressing or contributing to the growth and oxidative capacity of microorganisms) affecting the kinetics of the process. The paper discusses the characteristics of the mineral substrate, including galvanic interaction of sulfide minerals and the formation of passivating layers on the surface of the ore during oxidation, emphasizing the importance of the electrochemical interaction of the components of the leaching system. Bioleaching is a complex process, which is a combination of mainly chemical reactions mediated by the microbial component, therefore, to improve the kinetics, it is necessary to consider, monitor and regulate the listed range of factors.
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Date submitted2018-09-10
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Date accepted2018-11-06
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Date published2019-02-22
Comparative analysis of zincand tin oxidation with acids at room temperatures
- Authors:
- S. D. Pozhidaeva
- L. S. Ageeva
- A. M. Ivanov
The paper analyses the parameters of deep oxidation of zinc and tin by copper (II) compounds and molecular iodine in the presence of molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, as second oxidizers working synchronously with them in various media (aqueous, aqueous-organic and organic) with the participation of mineral and carboxylic acids close to room temperature. The contribution of the reactivity of the metal to its rate of consumption, especially the average, is often much less than the contribution associated with the release characteristics of the working surface, determined by the rates of accumulation of surface deposits of metal oxidation products, their strength and adhesion characteristics their destruction and shifting into the bulk phase.
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Date submitted2015-08-13
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Date accepted2015-10-29
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Date published2016-04-22
Multicriteria estimation of bearing capacity of geomaterials
- Authors:
- I. A. Brigadnov
In the article the problem of an estimation of bearing capacity of geomaterials as a deform-able solid is considered in the current configuration, which may be as the reference (undeformed) or the actual (deformed). We propose an original variational approach to the problem for stresses in selected subdomains, in which, depending on different engineering considerations, average in-tegral values of different component of stresses are estimated and from their aggregate the bearing capacity of the current configuration of the solid is estimated regarding to given external influ-ences. In each of the selected subdomain the weakest stress field is obtained which is globally bal-anced with external influences. For example, the assessment of the average integral hydrostatic pressure is needed for study of bearing capacity of geomaterials.
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Date submitted2014-11-22
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Date accepted2015-01-01
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Date published2015-10-26
Theoretical and methodological bases of forming a program management system for integrated development of a region
- Authors:
- S. V. Fedoseev
- Sya Chzhan
This article deals with theoretical and methodological bases of forming a program manage-ment system for integrated development of a region. The idea of a program-based management system based on a system of socio-economic transformation is presented. The given bases include monitoring emerging trends in the program management for integrated development of a region of the Russian Federation on basic parameters and involve control of the management process. The concept of forming the mechanism of program management as an integrated system is suggested.
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Date submitted2014-07-09
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Date accepted2014-08-31
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Date published2014-12-22
Properties of electric arc furnace dust and methods of utilizing it
- Authors:
- M. A. Pashkevich
- T. A. Lytaeva
The least utilized recyclable wastes from mining and processing enterprises are dispersed wastes, which are in the form of dust captured by systems of gas purification. This dust is a technogenic raw material for the production of zinc and other metals. Various ways of utilizing the steelmaking dust are presented. For utilization of the steel-making dust, a hydrometallurgical method with the use of autoclave technologies is proposed. The results of experiments in sulfate autoclave leaching are described.
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Date submitted2010-07-15
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Date accepted2010-09-26
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Date published2011-03-21
Development of the stowing material and testing of its mechanical properties
- Authors:
- M. N. Andreev
- E. I. Boguslavskiy
Article is in touch with analysis of backfill materials applied on diamond mines, description of research of its mechanical properties to create the optimal compound in conditions of Yakutian kimberlitic tubes.
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Date submitted2010-07-21
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Date accepted2010-09-08
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Date published2011-03-21
Calculation methodology of physical parameters of the artificial pillar barrier
- Authors:
- M. N. Adreev
The article is devoted to the calculation methodology of physical parameters of the artificial barrier pillar needed when developing underquarry deposits of kimberlitic pipes in difficult hydrogeological conditions.
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Date submitted2009-10-06
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Date accepted2009-12-24
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Date published2010-09-22
Geologo-geomechanical developments of structures of deep vertical shafts at coal mines in Donbass
- Authors:
- V. V. Levit
- S. V. Borshchevskii
The lithologo-geomechanical trend of conditions for strengthening the vertical shafts of collieries which coordinates and unites the lithologo-geomechanical and mining factors into a system has been developed.
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Date submitted2009-10-18
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Date accepted2009-12-17
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Date published2010-09-22
Reuse of development workings as an element of providing the effective coal output
- Authors:
- M. A. Ilyashov
The article contains the results of application in a coal mine of a combined way for protection and support of development workings. This method combines a frame support, anchors and a cast support strip erected behind the longwale. The geomechanical substantiation of technological parameters, regulations and the field for efficient use of this method are given. Its introduction has allowed to increase the loads on longwale and to lower labour content and expenses for maintenance of butt entries.
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Date submitted2009-09-25
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Date accepted2009-11-18
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Date published2010-06-25
Methodic aspects of development of students` creative abilities in humanity courses in technical universities
- Authors:
- O. E. Bespalova
- O. N. Bondareva
The article deals with methodic aspects of development of students` creative abilities in humanity courses in technical universities. The complementary studies promoting creative self-realization of student’s person in art and culture spheres are presented.
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Date submitted2009-08-01
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Date accepted2009-10-29
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Date published2010-02-01
Increase of competitiveness of russian and belorussian potash companies owing to perfection of sale policy
- Authors:
- T. V. Ponomarenko
- A. N. Sultani
The potassium companies of Russia and Belorussia, developing the unique deposits of potassium salts, provide more than 40 % of the world production of potassium fertilizers. Therefore economic efficiency from their activity considerably influences to the world market of potassium. Being the companies which export more than 80 % producible products «Belaruskali», «Uralkali» and «Silvinite» have problems with the transport of fertilizers in Brazil, India, China. Therefore for the increase of competitiveness of these enterprises it is necessary to develop an effective logistic chain which would take into account their geopolitical features.
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Date submitted2009-08-10
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Date accepted2009-10-21
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Date published2010-02-01
Precipitation of alumina liquor inclusive potassium
- Authors:
- V. V. Radko
The materials of experimental research on alumina liquor precipitation kinetics in system Na 2 O – K 2 O – Al 2 O 3 – H 2 O using carbonated alumina hydroxide as a seed are presented. Particle size distribution (PSD) analyses of settling products are given. Correlation link of alumina liquor decomposition degree and average median diameter of received aluminum hydroxide are shown.
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Date submitted2009-08-05
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Date accepted2009-10-26
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Date published2010-02-01
The influence of change in geotechnical engineering and geoenvironmental conditions during the process of building and operation of constructions of projected Alekseevsky cement factory on their stability (Mordovia Republic)
- Authors:
- K. V. Pankratova
The influence of change engineering-geological and geoenvironmental conditions on stability of cement factory are considered in this paper. Influence of additional humidifying, rise in temperature in the basis of constructions and activization of microbic activity is considered. The specificity of physicomechanical properties of silica rock and upper Jurassic clay is considered. Results of experimental researches of increase in microbic mass in soils at watering and heating are resulted. The estimation influences of temperature on deformation ability soils is given.
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Date submitted2009-07-20
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Date accepted2009-09-24
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Date published2010-04-22
Methods for presetting of artificial yielding to anthracite pillars
- Authors:
- S. G. Stradanchenko
- N. V. Titov
- Yu. V. Turuk
The article contains the results of in situ investigation of influence of yielding pillars on the stability of protected workings with different modes of preset yielding. Graphs of roof movements in the workings protected with yielding pillars, are given.