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Date submitted2022-05-06
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Date accepted2022-11-17
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Date published2023-02-27
Comprehensive study of filtration properties of pelletized sandy clay ores and filtration modes in the heap leaching stack
There are the results of a study of the factors determining the formation and changes in the filtration properties of a heap leaching stack formed from pelletized poor sandy-clay ores. An analysis of methods of investigation of filtration properties of ore material for different stages of heap leaching plots functioning is carried out. Influence of segregation process during stack dumping on formation of zones with very different permeability parameters of ore has been established by experimental and filtration works. The construction and application of a numerical model of filtration processes in pelletized ores based on laboratory experiments is shown. By means of solution percolation simulation at different irrigation intensities the justification of optimal stack parameters is provided in terms of the geomechanical stability and prevention of solution level rise above the drainage layer.
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Date submitted2022-05-03
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Date accepted2022-07-21
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Date published2022-11-03
Determination of rational steam consumption in steam-air mixture flotation of apatite-nepheline ores
Relevance of the study is determined by the decisions taken to increase the production volume of certain commercial products from mineral raw materials. The scale, impact and consequences of the projects on developing the resource-saving technologies for beneficiation of mineral raw materials are socially significant, and the economic growth of mining production complies with the sustainable development goals. The aim of the study is to develop the flotation circuit and mode that improve the technological performance of beneficiation of apatite-nepheline ores of the Khibiny Massif in the Kola Peninsula. The scientific idea of the work is to develop the flotation circuit, the movement of beneficiation products in which ensures a major increase in the content of the recovered component in the rougher flotation procedure with a simultaneous increase in dressability of the material. The above condition is met when mixing the feedstock with rough concentrate. Recovery of the valuable component from the resulting mixture is accomplished in a mode differing from the known ones in that the heat of steam condensation is used to increase water temperature in the interphase film between the particle and the bubble. For pulp aeration during flotation, a mixture of air and hot steam is used as the gas phase. A high recovery of the valuable component in ore flotation according to the developed circuit and mode is facilitated by increasing water temperature in wetting films due to the steam condensation heat. A high selectivity of flotation with a steam-air mixture can be explained using the concepts of a phonon component of disjoining pressure, the value and sign of which are associated with a difference in the dynamic structure of liquid in the wetting film and bulk liquid.
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Date submitted2022-04-20
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Date accepted2022-07-21
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Date published2022-11-03
Iron ore beneficiation technologies in Russia and ways to improve their efficiency
- Authors:
- Aleksei E. Pelevin
Increasing the efficiency of crushing circuits is associated with a decrease in the particle size of finely crushed ore and the use of dry magnetic separation of crushed ore. Reducing grinding costs is achieved by using drum mills jointly with mills of other designs. The use of automation systems, slurry demagnetization, technologies with staged concentrate separation, and beneficiation and fine screening in a closed grinding cycle lead to a reduction in grinding costs. The main industrial technology for improving the quality of concentrate is its additional beneficiation using regrinding, fine screening, flotation, and magnetic-gravity separators. Increasing the integrated use of iron ore raw materials is associated with an increase in the yield of iron concentrate and the production of hematite concentrate during the beneficiation of hematite-magnetite ores and ilmenite concentrate during the beneficiation of titanomagnetite ores. Incremented concentrate yield is possible by using magnetic separators with an increased magnetic induction up to 0.25-0.5 T in the first stages of beneficiation. To obtain hematite and ilmenite concentrates, combined technologies can be used, including fine screening, high-gradient magnetic, gravity, flotation, and electrical separation.
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Date submitted2021-03-30
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Date accepted2021-07-27
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Date published2021-10-21
Integrated development of iron ore deposits based on competitive underground geotechnologies
- Authors:
- Vladimir L. Trushko
- Olga V. Trushko
The article presents an analytical review of the current state of the iron ore base of the ferrous metallurgy of Russia and the world, identifies the largest iron ore provinces and iron ore producers. The promising directions of development and improvement of the quality of the iron ore base of Russia and the features of the development of new deposits of rich iron ores are identified. Effective technologies for the development of rich iron ores deposits that ensure an increase in production volumes are proposed. The geomechanical justification of rational technological parameters that are easily adapted to changes in mining and geological conditions has been performed. Based on the results of field studies, the use of an elastic-plastic model with the Coulomb – Mohr strength criterion for modeling changes in the stress-strain state of an ore rock mass during mining operations is justified and recommendations for ensuring the stability of mine workings are developed. Effective engineering and technical solutions for the complex development and deep processing of rich iron ores with the production of fractionated sinter ore, which increases the efficiency of metallurgical processes, the production of high-grade iron oxide pigments and iron ore briquettes, which increase the competitiveness of iron ore companies and the full use of the resource potential of deposits, are presented.
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Date submitted2020-05-24
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Date accepted2020-07-23
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Date published2020-11-24
Estimation of ore contour movements after the blast using the BMM system
Measurement of ore movements by blast is one of the key components of the quality control system at any mining enterprise, which allows to obtain the accuracy necessary for determining the location of ore contours. About 15 years ago, a monitoring system was developed in Australia that allows mine personnel to make three-dimensional measurements of ore blocks movement at each blast. Studies have shown that ore blocks movement is extremely variable, and it characterized by a complete absence of a deterministic component. The consequence is that modeling ore contour movements during the blast will be inaccurate, and the best results for the mining enterprise can only be achieved by directly measuring the movement. The technology of measuring ore contours movements considered in the article is based on three-dimensional movement vectors obtained in different parts of the blasted block, characterized by different movements. It is obvious that the accuracy of determining the ore contours position after the blast is proportional to the number of measurements made on the block. Currently, the movement control technology based on the BMM system is actively used by global mining companies, its use reduces losses and dilution of ore. In 2017, the pilot implementation of the BMM system was started at the Olympiadinsky GOK, and the system is being implemented in several Russian mining companies.
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Date submitted2019-06-06
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Date accepted2019-08-09
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Date published2020-04-24
Studies of enrichment of sulfide and oxidized ores of gold deposits of the Aldan shield
The paper presents the analysis of studies of the enrichment of sulfide and oxidized ores in Yakutia deposits. The ore of the deposit is a mixture of primary, mixed and oxidized ores. The main useful component of the studied ore samples is gold with a content of 1.5 to 2.8 g/t, the silver content is low – 5-17 g/t. Ore minerals are represented by sulfides, among which pyrite predominates. The total sulfide content does not exceed 3-5 %. The presence in the ore of free and associated gold with a grain size from fractions of a micron to 1.5 mm. Gold is represented by nuggets in intergrowth with sulfides and also forms independent inclusions. Ores are classified as easily cyanidable. It was found that the content of amalgamable gold is 10-49, the share of cyanidable gold ranges from 66.67-91, the share of refractory gold is 9.0-33.33 %, which in absolute amount equals to 0.24-0.8 g/t. The extraction of gold in gravitation concentrate varies depending on the gold content in the ore and the yield of concentrate and for ores with a gold content of 1.5-2.8 g/t from 40 to 60 %. The direct cyanidation of all studied ore samples established the possibility of extracting gold into solution up to 86.7-92.9 %, the gold content in cyanidation cakes is 0.2-0.3 g/t. Investigations of the gravitation concentrate by the method of intensive cyanidation showed that with an initial gold content of ~ 500 g/t, up to 98.9 % is extracted into the solution. The gold content in intensive cyanide cakes will be 6-15 g/t. A set of studies carried out by the authors of the article at various institutes showed that it is advisable to process ore from the deposit using cyanidation technology with preliminary gravitational extraction of gold.
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Date submitted2019-06-22
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Date accepted2019-09-11
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Date published2020-04-24
Effective capacity building by empowerment teaching in the field of occupational safety and health management in mining
The paper is dealing with a developed concept named Empowerment Teaching, which is based on practical teaching experience gained in various mining universities. It is demonstrated that this concept can be used to increase the effectiveness of knowledge transfer to mining countries in the world, as well as to overcome cultural barriers between lecturers and their students. The two models of participatory training, which are proposed to be named “physical” and “emotional” models, are portrayed. The authors are convinced that participatory training methods can be an ideal answer to a challenge associated with workers’ competencies in mining, namely – the potential of highly motivated and well-educated young academics is often diminished by a lack of ability to apply their knowledge. A special emphasis is made on the possible application of empowerment teaching for educational and training activities in the field of occupational safety and health (OSH), which is a matter of utmost importance for the mining industry. Several benchmarking initiatives in the field of OSH (“safety culture”, zero-accident vision) are underlined to be encouraged and promoted by means of new teaching methods. The examples of successful international cooperation among universities are given, as well.
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Date submitted2018-10-31
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Date accepted2018-12-30
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Date published2019-04-23
Produc-tion of Silver Ruble and participation of the Saint-Petersburg Mining university in the development of monetary industry of Russia
The article is a continuation of the research on the production of silver rubles and the development of Russian coinage. Graduates of the Saint-Petersburg Mining University contributed to the reputation and history of the Saint-Petersburg Mint as an advanced and high-tech production. The article describes the beginning of the development of silver ruble production, the use of ores from the Nerchinskoye deposit in the Transbaikalia to produce the main raw material in the form of concentrates and a silver alloy. The materials for the study used unique exhibits of the Mining Museum of the Saint-Petersburg Mining University, which are associated with the history of coinage and the Saint-Petersburg Mint. Some samples of lead-silver ores cast billets, and stamped coins were studied to determine the technological features of their manufacture. An analytical study of the features of minting and obtaining the first Russian silver coins according to some data of the royal decrees was carried out. The current level of technology and knowledge, as well as the special equipment of the laboratories of the Saint-Petersburg Mining University, made it possible to re-evaluate the characteristic features of the production of silver coins.
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Date submitted2018-09-04
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Date accepted2018-11-16
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Date published2019-02-22
Development of an occupational safety management system based on the process approach
- Authors:
- V. A. Filimonov
- L. N. Gorina
The article discusses the relevance and possibility of using the process approach in the development and implementation of occupational safety management systems based on GOST 12.0.230-2007, which is the main document in this area for all industrial enterprises and organisations of the Russian Federation. The system of occupational safety management in the organisation is considered taking into account all its internal communications and input-output parameters. It is shown that the process approach used in the design of the occupational safety management system in the organisation, allows categorising the list of works (processes), participants, resources (responsible, performers, documents, etc.), the control and correction processes. The methodological substantiation of the process approach to the design of the occupational safety management system in the organisation is given, the basic issues of its applicability are considered. A context diagram of the process of an occupational safety management system is drawn in the IDEF0 graphical notation by means of the SADT structural analysis technology. The decomposition of the context diagram to the required levels of detail is presented and the balance factor of the models is calculated.
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Date submitted2018-09-07
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Date accepted2018-11-08
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Date published2019-02-22
Assessment of refractory gold-bearing ores based on interpretation of thermal analysis data
- Authors:
- T. N. Aleksandrova
- G. Heide
- A. V. Afanasova
The article presents the results of a study on the possibility to assess refractory gold-bearing ores using thermal analysis data. It studies the flotation concentrates obtained during the enrichment of double refractory sulfide gold-bearing ores. This type of ore is complicated by the fine impregnation of gold in sulphide minerals and the presence of sorption-active scattered carbonaceous matter, which is in close association with sulphides. The results of thermogravimetric and mass spectrometric studies of refractory gold-bearing ores are presented. The obtained fragments for kerogen CH (m/z = 15), C 2 H (m/z = 29) and C 3 H (m/z = 43) indicate the presence of various types of carbonaceous matter in the studied samples. It is justified that the degree of sorption activity of carbonaceous matter depends on the presence of kerogen and bitumen in the ore. High sorption activity of scattered carbonaceous material significantly affects the processing technology of ores and concentrates, both flotation and pyro- and hydrometallurgical methods. Thermogravimetric and mass spectroscopic analyzes can be used to determine the degree of preg-robbing of refractory gold-bearing ores. The obtained results predetermine the direction of creating new methods and technologies in the field of decarburization of refractory gold-bearing ores in the integrated development of solid minerals in the mining regions of Russia.
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Date submitted2017-12-29
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Date accepted2018-03-26
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Date published2018-06-22
Methods to enhance oil recovery in the process of complex field development of the Yarega oil and titanium deposit
- Authors:
- I. E. Dolgii
Yarega oil and titanium deposit is a unique facility due to a combination of two mineral resources – oil and titanium ore – in one geologic structure. The paper describes mining and geologic conditions of the field, as well as engineering solutions to enhance oil recovery and the efficiency of heat transfer. The author focuses on the issues of deposit opening and preparation for development, and provides recommendations regarding the exploitation procedure of the oil and titanium parts of the field, which take into account field data on the extraction rates of high viscosity oil and titanium ore from the start of deposit development. The paper contains analysis of existing technological schemes of high viscosity oil extraction and steam heating of the oil bed, as well as assessment of their feasibility. Issues of field preparation for development are reviewed from the position of accumulated practical experience, and recommendations on the feasibility of combined underground and open-pit mining are supported with evidence. The main advantages of the proposed system are explained; key technical and economic indicators are calculated.
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Date submitted2016-11-17
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Date accepted2017-01-12
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Date published2017-04-14
Research on regimes of limonite ore hyrdotransport for the conditions of Perdo Soto Alba plant
- Authors:
- Raul' Isk'erdo Pupo
- Al'berto Turro Breff
The paper examines regular flow patterns of high-concentrated limonite pulp with significant content of finest grains. Engineering procedures have been developed to calculate basic parameters of limonite ore hydrotransport in turbulent and structured regimes. Trustworthiness of scientific statements, conclusions and recommendations is justified by theoretical research, establishment of analytical dependences, results of laboratory and industrial experiments. Practical regularities of behavior have been identified for the coefficient of hydraulic resistance, depending on pulp density in the range 35-45 % in case of pulp flow in structured regime, as well as regularity of pressure losses in case of pulp flow in horizontal and inclined pipelines in turbulent regime.
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Date submitted2016-09-05
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Date accepted2016-10-27
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Date published2017-02-22
Impact of the shape of geological contact on mining losses in the process of near-contact zone development
- Authors:
- G. S. Kurchin
- S. A. Vokhmin
- A. A. Kytmanov
In Russia development of mineral resources is carried out on a truly grand scale, and mining industry is in its essence a basic sector, supporting and facilitating the development of national economy. It predetermines the need of safe and responsible attitude towards riches of our subsoil – mineral resources. With this in mind, one of the key requirements to extraction technologies is minimization of mining losses and ore dilution. The biggest ore losses in the mining block take place in the process of development of contact areas between the ore body and surrounding rocks, due to differences between development pattern and surface of geological contact. Complexity of the contact between ore and surrounding rocks is traditionally characterized by so called «stochastic contact zone». Technological difficulty of extracting ore from the ore – wallrock contact is determined by volatility of geometric parameters in «stochastic contact zone» in the plane of geological contact. Current paper focuses on the issues of standard-setting for mining losses and ore dilution in the process of near-contact zone development. A method is suggested to estimate standard values of losses and ore dilution in stochastic zones. Authors have developed an algorithm of defining the shape of the contact. In the stochastic zone the contact can have a rectangular, sinusoidal, serrate and straight-line shapes. Research has established a relation between the contact shape and amounts of mining losses and ore dilution, formulas to calculate standard values are presented. Using suggested method, standard values for contact ore losses can be obtained in a quicker and more reliable way.
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Date submitted2015-07-20
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Date accepted2015-09-26
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Date published2016-02-24
Prospects of biotechnologies application in metallurgy and enrichment
- Authors:
- N. M. Telyakov
- A. A. Darin
- V. A. Luganov
In recent years, application of biotechnologies in enrichment processes and processing of metal-containing ores has gained broad development, considering essential advantages of these technologies from the point of view of economic efficiency and ecological safety. Processes with the application the hemolitotrofnykh of acidophile microorganisms of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, At. thiooxidans, Leptospirillum ferrooxidans and others, are of great interest. This article is devoted to the problem of biocultures application for efficiency improvement of the ore pretreatment technology and extraction of valuable components from metal-containing crude ore. The analysis of the biotechnologies and microorganisms applied at domestic and foreign enterprises is given, alongside with the theoretical bases of ore bioprocessing, research results of oxide and sulphidic metal-containing ores processing technology development, with the application of microorganisms and research results of the mechanism of destructive impact of a certain type bacteria on siliceous ores.
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Date submitted2014-11-10
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Date accepted2015-01-28
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Date published2015-10-26
Study of technological properties of the yakovlevskiy mine sintering ore
- Authors:
- V. L. Trushko
- V. A. Utkov
- A. S. Klyamko
The work reveals the ability of the Yakovlevskiy mine sinter ore to improve pelletizing of a sinter mix, to reduce its flow resistance in 4-5 times, to increase capacity of a sinter machine, to improve the sintering uniformity and sinter quality, to reduce consumption of agglomeration solid fuels and coke. Application of the Yakovlevskiy sinter ore moves sintering process to a modern technical level of charge in the sintering bed 500-600 mm in height without the use of expensive high-vacuum exhausters.
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Date submitted2014-11-24
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Date accepted2015-01-02
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Date published2015-10-26
Complex processing of apatite-nepheline ores based on the creation of closed-loop process flow sheets
- Authors:
- A. I. Alekseev
The article presents the chemical and engineering fundamentals of processing apatite and nepheline concentrates directly on the Kola Peninsula. Implementation of the existing separate processing of nepheline and apatite concentrates demonstrates inefficiency of these technologies due to the formation of waste calcium sulfate and calcium silicate, which have so far not found a practical use and are wastes stored in sludge repositories of the Russian Federation. Suggested new scientific and technical solutions will allow enterprises to significantly increase the volume of production of new in-demand marketable products due to rational and complex use of mineral raw materials of the Kola Peninsula, reduce their costs while decreasing the volume of rock extraction and eliminate waste creating a closed-loop technological cycle of processing apatite and nepheline ores.
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Date submitted2009-10-05
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Date accepted2009-12-05
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Date published2010-09-22
Control of rock mass state in mining the sections at mines оf the Vorkutaugol JST: up-to-date practice
- Authors:
- O. V. Yamenko
- I. E. Plisko
The article briefly outlines the methods and measures used at mines of the Vorkutaugol JSC to control the stress strain state of rock massif. These measures help to increase face load and to ensure mine safety.
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Date submitted2009-10-04
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Date accepted2009-12-19
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Date published2010-09-22
Modeling of the volumetric stress-strain condition of the rock massive in the near mine which are crossing zone of weakening
- Authors:
- A. G. Protosenya
- D. N. Petrov
- M. G. Popov
According to geological data which was received at the Yakovlevsky deposit, the volumetric model was developed. This model taking into consideration the driving of the mine through zone of weakening. During the analysis of the stress-strain condition near the mine the character of distribution and numerical results of tangential and longitudinal stresses have been revealed. The zone of weakening affects to the distribution of stresses and displacements around the mine. To select the parameters of the lining support it is necessary to take into consideration weakenings and contacts in the ore massive and the distance for these zones.
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Date submitted2009-09-30
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Date accepted2009-11-19
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Date published2010-06-25
Relation to labour in the russian household culture
- Authors:
- S. I. Sorokin
Civilization basis, typical features and work ethics evolution principles in the Russian household culture have been highlighted. The special attention was given to the issues of cultural traditions formation at different national-economical environments. Distinctive features of Russian State Authority in household activity organization such as social paternalism, personification and authoritarianism have been determined.
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Date submitted2009-09-07
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Date accepted2009-11-21
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Date published2010-06-25
Role of industrial out-movement in natural resources development of USSR in the 1920-1930th years
- Authors:
- I. V. Voloshinova
Migration politics is the main part of economic and social development of the country. State regulation of migration flows in Russia is a problem, which considers a lot of factors including the size of the territory, the scheme of resettlement, the length of border, the peculiarities of development of separate regions, labor market and etc. At regulation of migration flow such problems as rationalization of area distribution, effective usage of labour resources, formation of labour market and market lodging, increasing of qualification level of population are considered. Migration plays an important role of national politics and is one of priorities of government. This article considers the bases of rational resettlement and usage of labour resources in development of natural recourses.
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Date submitted2009-08-22
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Date accepted2009-10-19
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Date published2010-02-01
The substantiation of reinforcing support of preparation mines in the ore massive of the Yakovlevskiy deposit
- Authors:
- Yu. N. Antonov
- V. Yu. Sinegubov
The paper justifies a design of reinforcing mine support of the protective roof at the priority high-grade ore mining site of the Yakovlevskiy deposit. Experience of mine roadway support with the KMP-A3 standing support has been analyzed. A reinforcing support is offered consisting of rock bolts back bracing the ore exposure, which best fits with continuous miner roadheading and consolidating stowing (concrete).
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Date submitted2009-08-22
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Date accepted2009-10-30
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Date published2010-02-01
Individual thermosteam bath
- Authors:
- N. A. Kotenkov
In work the developed device – an individual thermosteam bath is presented, allowing to lower risk сooling diseases and other occupational diseases to raise comfort of conditions and labour productivity of miners. Distinctive feature consists that the head of the patient is out of a zone of influence of hot steam. Accordingly there is no loading on vessels of a brain and there is no oxygen lack. In the course of application of the given device vessels extend, blood goes on periphery, releasing all organism from the stagnant blood formed as a result of narrowing of vessels, arterial pressure is normalised, work of all bodies improves. The strengthened movement of blood promotes good thermoregulation, increase of immunity and adaptation of an organism to adverse environmental conditions.
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Date submitted2009-07-08
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Date accepted2009-09-19
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Date published2010-04-22
Geomechanical and hydrogeological problems оf the Yakovlevsky deposit development
- Authors:
- V. L. Trushko
- A. G. Protosenya
- R. E. Dashko
The article deals with geomechanical and hydrogeological problems under the Yakovlevsky ore deposit development including variations in strength properties. The estimation of feasible underground water inrush inside the mining excavation is done. In situ results of ore strata deformation around excavation are discussed. Numerical modeling of stress and strain in the waterproofing ore pillar due to partially backfilling of excavation is carried out.
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Date submitted2008-11-08
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Date accepted2009-01-26
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Date published2009-12-11
Principles optimization of expenses for the labour protection of the mining enterprises
Classification of damage from accidents and crashes is given. Procedure optimization expenses for a labour protection and definition of economically sound risk of accidents and crashes is offered. The estimation of economic efficiency of personnel development serving the self-propelled mining equipments on ore mine «Northern» of industrial complex «Pechenga Nikel» is carried out.
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Date submitted2008-11-25
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Date accepted2009-01-17
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Date published2009-12-11
The basis of minimal industrial maintenance of useful component for deposits of complex mineral raw material
- Authors:
- V. V. Ternovoy
- A. I. Samoilenko
- O. I. Tsarakov
The problems of the calculation of the minimal industrial maintenance for complex ores of nonferrous metals are considered. Then the calculation of the minimal industrial maintenance of nickel according to different formulas for the technical-economic basis of exploratory conditions of concrete ore deposits and the analysis of results were carried out.