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Date submitted2022-11-21
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Date accepted2024-05-02
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Date published2024-08-26
M1 formation tectono-structural features and gas-oil potential within Archinskaya area Paleozoic basement (Western Siberia)
- Authors:
- Vladimir B. Belozerov
- Mikhail O. Korovin
Western Siberian Plate basement oil and gas potential evaluation largely depends on structural and stratigraphic complex architecture representation. New modern procedures for seismic data processing, detailed Paleozoic deposits stratigraphic studies and expanded geophysical well logging significantly change the representation of the basement rocks fold-block structure and previously developed hydrocarbon reservoirs models. Detailed studies conducted within the Archinskii uplift showed that Paleozoic sediments form a contrasting folded structure complicated by block tectonics. The significant block displacements amplitude determines the lithological and stratigraphic basement rocks erosional-tectonic surface, while the identified stratigraphic blocks control the oil productivity distribution within the Archinskaya area. The filtration-capacity heterogeneity folded structure of the Paleozoic sediments is reflected in the distribution of hydrocarbon saturation in the well section, forming independent gas, oil, and oil-water zones for the development process. The relationship between anticlinal structural forms of basement rocks to lowered, and synclinal to elevated blocks, determines the necessity to conduct exploration prospecting within younger stratigraphic blocks when assessing the deep Paleozoic oil and gas potential.
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Date submitted2022-08-20
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Date accepted2022-11-17
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Date published2022-12-29
Comparison of the approaches to assessing the compressibility of the pore space
- Authors:
- Vitaly S. Zhukov
- Yuri O. Kuzmin
Integral and differential approaches to determining the volumetric compression of rocks caused by changes in the stress state are considered. Changes in the volume of the pore space of rocks are analyzed with an increase in its all-round compression. Estimation of changes in the compressibility coefficients of reservoirs due to the development of fields is an urgent problem, since the spread in the values of compressibility factors reduces the adequacy of estimates of changes in the physical properties and subsidence of the earth's surface of developed fields and underground gas storages. This parameter is key in assessing the geodynamic consequences of the long-term development of hydrocarbon deposits and the operation of underground gas storage facilities. Approaches to the assessment differ in the use of cumulative (integral) or local (differential) changes in porosity with a change in effective pressure. It is shown that the coefficient of volumetric compressibility of pores calculated by the integral approach significantly exceeds its value calculated by the differential approach, which is due to the accumulative nature of pore compression with an increase in effective pressure. It is shown that the differential approach more accurately determines the value of the pore compressibility coefficient, since it takes into account in more detail the features of the change in effective pressure.
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Date submitted2022-01-31
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Date accepted2022-09-06
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Date published2022-11-10
Filtration studies on cores and sand packed tubes from the Urengoy field for determining the efficiency of simultaneous water and gas injection on formation when extracting condensate from low-pressure reservoirs and oil from oil rims
- Authors:
- Nikolay A. Drozdov
Oil rims as well as gas condensate reservoirs of Russia's largest Urengoy field are developed by depletion drive without formation pressure maintenance, which has led to serious complications in production of oil, gas and condensate. In addition, field development by depletion drive results in low values of oil and condensate recovery. These problems are also relevant for other oil and gas condensate fields. One of the possible solutions is simultaneous water and gas injection. Rational values of gas content in the mixture for affecting gas condensate fields and oil rims of oil and gas condensate fields should be selected using the data of filtration studies on core models. The article presents the results of filtration experiments on displacement of condensate and oil by water, gas and water-gas mixtures when simulating the conditions of the Urengoy field. Simultaneous water and gas injection showed good results in the experiments on displacement of condensate, residual gas and oil. It has been ascertained that water-gas mixtures with low gas content (10-20 %) have a better oil-displacement ability (9.5-13.5 % higher) than water. An experiment using a composite linear reservoir model from cemented core material, as regards the main characteristics of oil displacement, gave the same results as filtration experiments with sand packed tubes and demonstrated a high efficiency of simultaneous water and gas injection as a method of increasing oil recovery at oil and gas condensate fields.
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Date submitted2021-10-31
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Date accepted2022-04-26
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Date published2022-07-13
Identification of structural control factors of primary gold ore occurrences by method of unmanned aeromagnetic survey by the example of the Neryungrisky district of Yakutia
The long-term development of the geophysical industry, in which the methods of magnetometry are in maximum demand, as the simplest in instrumental and methodological execution, has determined the development of remote measurement methods implemented both from space and airborne carriers. The necessity to use the latter as an obligatory component of field surveys, providing coverage of significant areas, determines the need for using the unmanned low-tonnage carriers. Their use is implemented to search for predictive elements of structural (spatial, genetic) control of endogenous gold ore occurrences that allow predictive constructions, i.e., solving the problem of increasing gold reserves, which is being performed within the framework of federal programs. The purpose of the survey is to develop a system of instrumental and subsequent interpretation approaches in the organization of unmanned magnetometer survey, implemented for structural and geological mapping by the example of the Neryungrinsky district of Yakutia. Within the framework of the digital model formation of the relief and the anomalous magnetic field, a survey method using an unmanned aircraft, its technical characteristics are considered; the analysis and the author's modification of the office analysis of magnetometry data are performed. Based on the obtained materials, a physical and geological model of the investigated area was created, which is presented in the form of a geological and structural cut, accompanied by the physical characteristics of the structural and material complexes. The refinement of the physical and geological model was implemented by a joint morphostructural analysis of the remote base and the anomalous magnetic field using the results of quantative interpretation of the anomalous magnetic field. The result of the study is presented by an updated geological basis with the allocation of promising ore sites for their detailing as part of the planned large-scale geological and geophysical surveys. The scientific novelty of the work consists in the synthesis of the tried and tested methods of unmanned aeromagnetometric measurements and geostructural reconstructions, which allow the processing of both potential and non-potential geofields.
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Date submitted2021-05-31
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Date accepted2021-10-18
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Date published2021-12-16
Experimental evaluation of compressibility coefficients for fractures and intergranular pores of an oil and gas reservoir
- Authors:
- Vitaly S. Zhukov
- Yuri O. Kuzmin
The paper is devoted to studies of the volumetric response of rocks caused by changes in their stress state. Changes in the volume of fracture and intergranular components of the pore space based on measurements of the volume of pore fluid extruded from a rock sample with an increase in its all-round compression have been experimentally obtained and analyzed. Determination of the fracture and intergranular porosity components is based on the authors' earlier proposed method of their calculation using the values of longitudinal wave velocity and total porosity. The results of experimental and analytical studies of changes in porosity and its two components (intergranular and fractured) under the action of effective stresses are considered. This approach allowed the authors to estimate the magnitude of the range of changes in the volumetric compressibility of both intergranular pores and fractures in a representative collection of 37 samples of the Vendian-age sand reservoir of the Chayanda field. The method of separate estimation of the compressibility coefficients of fractures and intergranular pores is proposed, their values and dependence on the effective pressure are experimentally obtained. It is determined that the knowledge of the values of fracture and intergranular porosity volumetric compressibility will increase the reliability of estimates of changes in petrophysical parameters of oil and gas reservoirs caused by changes in the stress state during the development of hydrocarbon fields.
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Date submitted2021-02-24
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Date accepted2021-10-18
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Date published2021-12-16
A probabilistic approach to the dynamic cut-off grade assessment
Cut-off grade is an important conditioning parameter that determines the quantity and quality of recoverable reserves and development efficiency. Today, Russian mining companies operate with certified quality requirements. By setting permanent quality requirements, the government seeks to prevent depletion of reserves, reduced production during periods of falling prices, and decreased budget revenues, expressing the interests of all members of society. But to what extent do the permanent quality requirements protect the interests of the state? The answer to this question is ambiguous and does not lie on the surface. The State Commission for Reserves and domestic researchers are working to find a rational solution to the problem of quality requirements. One solution is dynamic quality requirements. The effectiveness of their application has been proven for individual mining companies, but it is incorrect to transfer these conclusions to the entire mineral resource base of the country. This article presents a new approach to determining the dynamic cut-off grade, which varies depending on the price of minerals. The dynamic cut-off grade is proposed to be determined based on the indicators of constant requirements to the quality of exploration work, using the maximum allowable costs in the region. The approach allows to calculate the effect of the introduction of dynamic cut-off grade in the practice of subsurface use for the state (in the form of the amount of taxes received) and for subsoil users (in the form of the amount of income). For a group of gold-bearing deposits with open-pit mining method, it was established that the development of reserves using dynamic values of the cut-off grade in periods of price changes ensures compliance with the interests of the state and subsoil users.
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Date submitted2021-03-30
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Date accepted2021-07-27
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Date published2021-10-21
Integrated development of iron ore deposits based on competitive underground geotechnologies
- Authors:
- Vladimir L. Trushko
- Olga V. Trushko
The article presents an analytical review of the current state of the iron ore base of the ferrous metallurgy of Russia and the world, identifies the largest iron ore provinces and iron ore producers. The promising directions of development and improvement of the quality of the iron ore base of Russia and the features of the development of new deposits of rich iron ores are identified. Effective technologies for the development of rich iron ores deposits that ensure an increase in production volumes are proposed. The geomechanical justification of rational technological parameters that are easily adapted to changes in mining and geological conditions has been performed. Based on the results of field studies, the use of an elastic-plastic model with the Coulomb – Mohr strength criterion for modeling changes in the stress-strain state of an ore rock mass during mining operations is justified and recommendations for ensuring the stability of mine workings are developed. Effective engineering and technical solutions for the complex development and deep processing of rich iron ores with the production of fractionated sinter ore, which increases the efficiency of metallurgical processes, the production of high-grade iron oxide pigments and iron ore briquettes, which increase the competitiveness of iron ore companies and the full use of the resource potential of deposits, are presented.
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Date submitted2021-03-16
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Date accepted2021-07-27
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Date published2021-10-21
Allocation of a deep-lying brine aquifer in the rocks of a chemogenic section based on the data of geophysical well logging and 2D seismic exploration
Advancement in the production of potassium fertilizers is an important strategic task of Russian agricultural industry. Given annually growing production rates, the reserves of discovered potassium-magnesium salt deposits are noticeably decreasing, which creates the need to ensure stable replenishment of the resource base through both the discovery of new deposits and the exploitation of deep-lying production horizons of the deposits that are already under development. In most cases, deposits of potassium-magnesium salts are developed by underground mining. The main problem for any salt deposit is water. Dry salt workings do not require any additional reinforcement and can easily withstand rock pressure, but with an inflow of water they begin to collapse intensively – hence, special attention is paid to mine waterproofing. Determination of spatial location, physical and mechanical properties of the aquifer and water-blocking stratum in the geological section represent an important stage in the exploration of a salt deposit. The results of these studies allow to validate an optimal system of deposit development that will minimize environmental and economic risks. On the territory of Russia, there is a deposit of potassium-magnesium salts with a unique geological structure – its production horizon lies at a considerable depth and is capped by a regional aquifer, which imposes significant limitations on the development process. To estimate parameters of the studied object, we analyzed the data from CDP seismic reflection survey and a suite of methods of radioactive and acoustic well logging, supplemented with high-frequency induction logging isoparametric sounding (VIKIZ) data. As a result of performed analysis, we identified location of the water-bearing stratum, estimated average thickness of the aquifers and possible water-blocking strata. Based on research results, we proposed methods for increasing operational reliability of the main shaft in the designed mine that will minimize the risks of water breakthrough into the mine shaft.
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Date submitted2020-05-28
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Date accepted2021-07-27
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Date published2021-10-21
On the applicability of electromagnetic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing
The purpose of this work is to assess the possibilities of using electromagnetic monitoring to study the development of a fracture system generated by hydraulic fracturing (HF) with a specified position of the controlled source. The option with the source (a vertical electric dipole) located in the interval of the oil-bearing formation and ground-based measurements was chosen as the most promising monitoring plan. We have built a geoelectric model equivalent to the system of hydraulic fractures, divided into 11 zones corresponding to HF stages. For the selected model, mathematical simulation was performed by solving the direct problem considering the impact of the steel casing, the presence of which reduced the effect. Despite this fact, no strong distortion of electromagnetic field anomaly was observed above the HF zone. Analysis of the simulation results at different HF stages showed that as new hydraulic fractures appeared and were filled with electrically conductive proppant, the total effect increased. The data on electric field anomaly demonstrated maximum deviation from the background level of more than 2 %. Provided that the studied formation is characterized by sufficient electrical conductivity, its magnetic field also becomes informative.
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Date submitted2018-07-02
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Date accepted2018-09-04
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Date published2018-12-21
Strategic Planning of Arctic Shelf Development Using Fractal Theory Tools
- Authors:
- V. S. Vasiltsov
- V. M. Vasiltsova
The paper justifies the necessity to utilize new methods of strategic planning in oil and gas field exploitation in the Arctic shelf during the implementation of high technology diversified model of development for oil and gas companies (OGC) based on principles and tools of fractal theory. It has been proved that despite its challenging conditions the Arctic represents not only resource potential of the country and a guarantee of national safety, but also a key driver of market self-identification and self-organization of OGCs. Identified and analyzed problems in institutional procurement of shelf development and utilized methods of strategic planning and project management, both on the levels of state and corporate governance, demonstrate that reductive approach of the fractal theory allows to take into account diversification of heterogeneous multicomponent project models, which can be reduced to a single management decision with inverse iterations of neural network modelling. Suggested approach is relevant for strategic planning not only on the stage of investment portfolio justification, but also for identification and assessment of project risks; ranking of projects according to the order of their implementation; back and - forth management (monitoring and supervision) and project completion. It has been detected that such basic properties of the fractal as self-similarity, recurrence, fragmentation and correlation between all fractal dimensions allow to systematize chaotically changing values of market parameters in the Arctic shelf development project, which provides an opportunity to forecast market development with minimal prediction errors.
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Date submitted2018-05-22
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Date accepted2018-07-04
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Date published2018-10-24
Cost assessment of gold ore deposits adjusted for capital investment
- Authors:
- A. Yu. Zaitsev
The paper focuses on the problems of geologic and economic assessment of mineral deposits. Existing methods have certain advantages and disadvantages, but always rely on unified assessment criteria that fail to take into account specific parameters of each deposit. The author proposes a method of quick and simple cost assessment of gold ore deposits based on ore reserves data. Suggested approach allows to evaluate a true price of gold ore deposits that takes into account field preparation and development costs, as well as to calculate threshold (recommended) amount of investment. Besides that, the method permits to assess the contribution that mineral reserves and resources make to the cumulative market price of the mining company. The method is based on the analysis of empirical data from actual purchases of gold ore (and associated metals) deposits made by Polymetal International PLC. The results of statistical research are incorporated in a formula of threshold deposit price taking into account field preparation and development costs. Comparison between deposit prices obtained from actual purchase deals and forecast results demonstrates high convergence rate (R = 0.97). The greatest error in the forecast results is attributed to insufficient attention to the geographical position of deposits, existence of infrastructure and relevant facilities. The method has been tested on three purchases of gold ore assets made by Polymetal International PLC and demonstrated high convergence with actual deal prices.
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Date submitted2016-10-30
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Date accepted2017-01-02
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Date published2017-04-14
Result of combining data from impulse electrical prospecting and aeromagnetic prospecting for groundwater exploration in the south of Yakutia
In 2014 in the south of Yakutia in the course of groundwater exploration works a complex of geophysical methods was tested: aeromagnetic and electrical prospecting was carried out using near-field transient sounding and electromagnetic sounding with induced polarization. Prospective structures for hydrogeological drilling are zones of discontinuous tectonic faults. In order to identify them, data from aeromagnetic and electrical prospecting were used. Results of drilling confirmed the presence of watered areas; however, analysis of obtained information allowed to come to the conclusion that the amount of water in the faults has no direct connection to electrical conductivity.
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Date submitted2016-09-21
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Date accepted2016-11-04
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Date published2017-02-22
Combined 2D inversion of electrotomographic and audio-magnetotellurgic sounding data to solve mining problems
- Authors:
- V. A. Kulikov
- A. E. Kaminskii
- A. G. Yakovlev
Electrical methods of exploration are widely applied in prospecting and estimation of ore mineral resources. It is not always that geoelectrical models obtained in the course of interpretation of different types of electric and electromagnetic sounding are in line with each other. This leads to difficulties in geological interpretation of electrical exploration results. In single cases a geological model can be built that with great precision satisfies data from different electrical explorations, for instance, results of geometric and inductive electromagnetic soundings. For this purpose an algorithm of combined inversion of electrotomographic and audio-megnetotellurgic sounding data has been developed and implemented by A.E.Kaminskii in software ZondRes2D. Advantage of combined inversion has been shown for investigation of sections up till 400-500 m deep on synthetic models and actual field data.
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Date submitted2015-12-29
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Date accepted2016-02-21
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Date published2016-12-23
Poorly studied phenomena in geoelectrics
- Authors:
- V. S. Mogilatov
Undoubtedly, modern geoelectric technologies emerge in the result of the development of traditional approaches and techniques. However of more interest is the appearance of completely new technologies based on new effects and new models of interaction of geological medium and electromagnetic field. The author does not commit to indicate principally new directions, but only wants to discuss some poorly known facts from the theory and practice of geoelectrics. The outcome of this study could be considered attracting the attention of experts to non-traditional signals in geoelectrics. The reviewed phenomena of interest, not fully implemented in practice in the author’s opinion, are field split into two polarizations: transverse electric (the ТЕ-field) and transverse magnetic (the ТМ-field), then some poorly known properties of ТМ-field, the role of bias currents, the anisotropy of horizontal resistances, the role of geomagnetic field in geoelectric sounding, the unique resolution of CSEM (Controlled Source Electro-Magnetic) techniques at sea.
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Date submitted2014-07-02
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Date accepted2014-08-24
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Date published2014-12-22
Informational support for prompt project management of microfault exploration
- Authors:
- V. V. Nazimko
Geologic, technological, psychological, economic and organizational uncertainty impede extraction from coal seams that are corrupted by microfaults. We propose the exploration and extraction from the corrupted coal seams in a project management mode.
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Date submitted2013-07-23
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Date accepted2013-09-04
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Date published2014-03-17
Status and development of mining and enrichment of rare earth metals in Russia
- Authors:
- M. N. Andreev
This article analyzes and summarizes the current state of production and enrichment of rare earth resources in Russia, and provides prospects for the mining industry. The necessity of finding new deposits and intensify mining rare earth materials is formulated. Provides information about the production of rare earth metals in the world, analyzed data on volumes of processing and marketing of the resource. The main problems arising in this area are identified.
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Date submitted2010-07-14
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Date accepted2010-09-29
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Date published2011-03-21
Basic requirements for shallow seismic field works technique by the reflected waves method for engineering-geological issues solving
- Authors:
- A. N. Telegin
- A. S. Yakovlev
The main requirements for the shallow seismic field works technique parameters for engineer-geological issues solving are represented. The optimum technique for the St.-Petersburg and its suburbs territory based on the results of experimental seismic studies, providing a detailed study of the upper part of the geological section, are proved.
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Date submitted2010-07-11
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Date accepted2010-09-14
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Date published2011-03-21
Application of seismic reflection method for engineering-geological issues solving in Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region
- Authors:
- A. S. Yakovlev
Several examples of seismic reflection method test surveys in St.-Petersburg and its suburbs are reviewed. The key point of research was the choice of an optimum field seismic works technique, processing and interpretation technique, providing the reliable solution of shallow depth investigation for the presented area.
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Date submitted2009-10-01
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Date accepted2009-12-02
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Date published2010-09-22
Typization of coalbed-methane deposits оf the kuznetsk basin by promising methane output with using different technologies of gas recovery intensification of coal seams
Experts of «Gazprom promgaz» Co based on international experience of coalbed methane (CBM) mining have developed recommendations for expedient application of various methods of coalbed gas recovery intensification under different mining conditions. It will result in reduction of wells number and increase in methane extraction degree.
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Date submitted2009-07-03
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Date accepted2009-09-10
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Date published2010-04-22
Methods for calculation of methane reserves in coal seams as independent mineral resource
Development of nonconventional resources of natural gas such as coalbed methane (CBM) demands new approaches to reserves’ calculation and economic estimation of coalbed methane fields. Experts of OS «Gazprom promgaz» have developed the method of CBM reserves calculation as independent mineral based on international and russian experience in CBM fields prospecting and production activity of CBM. The article is devoted to basic principles of new technique on an example of Taldinskoe CBM field reserves’ calculation.
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Date submitted2009-07-28
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Date accepted2009-09-14
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Date published2010-04-22
The use of computer technologies аt the stages of prospecting, mining and conservation of mineral deposits
- Authors:
- K. V. Morozov
- S. V. Lukichev
The article described the methods for the use of specialized application of software on the stages of exploration, design, planning and maintenance of mining operations and also in abandonment or conservation of mineral resources deposits.
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Date submitted2008-11-12
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Date accepted2009-01-22
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Date published2009-12-11
Reproduction of hydrocarbon resource base of the Russian continental shelf
- Authors:
- M. Y. Shkatov
- I. Y. Vinokurov
- I. B. Sergeev
In article the characteristic of resource base of hydrocarbon resources of a Russian continental shelf is given. Deposits are divided into three groups: the oil, gas and condensate. Estimations of reserves and their changes are presented. Tendencies of development of sub-sea oil and gas deposits on the basic regions are defined: to the Arctic, Far East, Caspian and Baltic.
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Date submitted2008-11-15
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Date accepted2009-01-11
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Date published2009-12-11
Economic mechanism of forming of hydrocarbon fields special fund
- Authors:
- A. E. Cherepovitsyn
- A. V. Radko
Factors and presuppositions of forming of special fund of fields are determined. Scheme of functioning of special fund of fields, inclusive elements of production share and privileged taxation are proposed. Economic efficiency of special funds of oil and gas fields’ development are defined.
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Date submitted2008-11-11
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Date accepted2009-01-08
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Date published2009-12-11
Development of an economic-organizing mechanism of mineral resourсe base renewal in Russia's oil industry
- Authors:
- N. V. Pashkevich
- L. A. Nikolaychuk
In paper there has been developed an economic-organizing mechanism of mineral resource base renewal of Russia's oil industry using financial and tax instruments and licensing system of soil use. The proposed mechanism is targeted on perfecting of soil use managing system, attracting investments into geological exploration branch, stimulating innovation constituent in exploration and extraction of oil, rational use of mineral resource base in oil industry.
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Date submitted2008-11-02
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Date accepted2009-01-17
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Date published2009-12-11
Problems of development of the diamond complex on company «ALROS»
- Authors:
- V. M. Vasiltsova
- A. K. Belov
Diamond complex – one of the economy sectors, the kept potential of the expanded reproduction in the conditions of crisis. Russia, along with the republic of South Africa, Australia, Zaire, Botswana, Angola and Namibia is included into number of seven largest diamond-mining countries of the world and takes the second place in the world on volume of extraction of diamonds, being the world leader on stocks of diamond raw materials. Reserves of increase of efficiency at the separate enterprises and branch as a whole are revealed. Problems of strengthening of position of object of research on internal and a foreign market are defined.