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Date submitted2024-07-28
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Date accepted2024-11-26
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Date published2024-12-12
From import substitution to technological leadership: how local content policy accelerates the development of the oil and gas industry
- Authors:
- Oleg V. Zhdaneev
- Ivan R. Ovsyannikov
Achieving technological sovereignty implies accelerating innovation and reducing import dependence. An effective tool for addressing these challenges is local content policy (LCP). The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of LCP on innovation activity in oil and gas companies and to provide recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of this policy in Russia. The paper analyzes the influence of LCP on innovation levels in the oil and gas sector, drawing on examples from 10 countries. A positive short-term impact of LCP on innovation was identified in Brazil, Malaysia, and Saudi Arabia, with long-term effects observed in China and South Africa. Recommendations for improving the effectiveness of LCP in Russia are supplemented with a methodology for calculating the level of technological sovereignty. A refinement of the method for solving the «responsiveness» problem, incorporating the level of localization, has been proposed.
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Date submitted2023-03-16
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Date accepted2023-12-27
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Date published2024-04-25
Comprehensive assessment of deformation of rigid reinforcing system during convergence of mine shaft lining in unstable rocks
Operation of vertical mine shafts in complex mining and geological conditions is associated with a number of features. One of them is a radial displacement of the concrete shaft lining, caused by the influence of mining pressure on the stress-strain state of the mine workings. A rigid reinforcing system with shaft buntons fixed in the concrete lining thus experiences elastoplastic deformations, their value increases with time. It results in deviation of conductors from design parameters, weakening of bolt connections, worsening of dynamic properties of geotechnical system “vehicle – reinforcing”, increase of wear rate of reinforcing system elements, increase of risks for creating an emergency situation. The article offers a comprehensive assessment of displacements of characteristic points of the bunton system based on approximate engineering relations, numerical modeling of the deformation process of the bunton system and laser measurements of the convergence of the inner surface of the concrete shaft lining. The method was tested on the example of the reinforcing system of the skip-cage shaft of the potash mine. Displacement of the characteristic points of the reinforcing system is determined by the value of radial displacements of the surface of the concrete shaft lining. Evaluation of the radial displacements was made using monitoring measurements and profiling data. The results obtained make it possible to justify the need and timing of repair works. It is shown that the deterioration of the reinforcing system at different levels occurs at different rates, defined, among other things, by mechanical properties of the rock mass layers located at a given depth.
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Date submitted2021-09-17
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Date accepted2022-04-07
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Date published2022-12-29
Technique for calculating technological parameters of non-Newtonian liquids injection into oil well during workover
Technique for automated calculation of technological parameters for non-Newtonian liquids injection into a well during workover is presented. At the first stage the algorithm processes initial flow or viscosity curve in order to determine rheological parameters and coefficients included in equations of rheological models of non-Newtonian fluids. At the second stage, based on data from the previous stage, the program calculates well design and pump operation modes, permissible values of liquid flow rate and viscosity, to prevent possible hydraulic fracturing. Based on the results of calculations and dependencies, a decision is made on the necessity of changing the technological parameters of non-Newtonian liquid injection and/or its composition (components content, chemical base) in order to prevent the violation of the technological operation, such as unintentional formation of fractures due to hydraulic fracturing. Fracturing can lead to catastrophic absorptions and, consequently, to increased consumption of technological liquids pumped into the well during workover. Furthermore, there is an increased risk of uncontrolled gas breakthrough through highly conductive channels.
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Date submitted2021-04-30
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Date accepted2021-11-30
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Date published2021-12-27
Methodology for testing pipeline steels for resistance to grooving corrosion
- Authors:
- Viktor I. Bolobov
- Grigoriy G. Popov
The methodology for testing pipeline steels is suggested on the assumption that for the destruction of pipes in field oil pipelines by the mechanism of grooving corrosion the simultaneous fulfillment of such conditions as the occurrence of scratches on the lower generatrix of the pipe, eventually growing into a channel in the form of a groove, emulsion enrichment with oxygen, presence of pipe wall metal in a stressed state, presence of chlorine-ion in the oil-water emulsion is required. Tests are suggested to be carried out in 3 % aqueous solution of NaCl with continuous aeration by air on bent plates 150×15×3 mm, made of the analyzed steel, the middle part of which is under the action of residual stresses σ res , close to the level of maximum equivalent stresses σ eqv in the wall of the oil pipeline, with the presence of a cut on this part on the inner side of the plate as an initiator of additional mechanical stresses. Using the value of the modulus of normal elasticity of the analyzed steel, the degree of residual strain of the elastic-plastic body from this material, corresponding to the value σ res ≈ σ eqv is calculated, based on which the plates are bent to the required deflection angle, after which the cut is applied to them. After keeping the plates in the corrosive medium for each of them the increase in depth of the cut as a result of corrosion of the walls by the corrosive medium is analyzed, from which the rate of steel K by the mechanism of grooving corrosion is calculated taking into account the duration of tests. Corrosion rate values for two pipe steel grades determined by the suggested procedure are given. The comparison of K values obtained leads to the conclusion about the higher resistance to grooving corrosion of 09G2S steel.
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Date submitted2021-01-25
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Date accepted2021-02-22
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Date published2021-04-26
Conducting industrial explosions near gas pipelines
The problem to ensure the safety of objects which are in the area of blasting operations, ensuring the destruction of hard rocks, remains relevant. The article presents the results of a large-scale experiment to determine the safe conditions for conducting drilling and blasting operations near the active gas pipeline. The simplest and most reliable way to ensure the safety of the protected object from seismic impact is to reduce the intensity of the seismic wave, which is achieved by changing the parameters of drilling and blasting operations. This requires research to determine the impact of blasting operations on the parameters of seismic waves and the development of methods for measuring these parameters. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the seismic blast wave impact on the displacement of the ground and the model gas pipeline. The features of seismic monitoring during blasting operations near the active gas pipeline are shown. The seismic coefficients and attenuation coefficient of seismic waves are determined. It is proved that the readings of the seismic receivers on the surface and in the depth of the massive differ by two or more times.
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Date submitted2019-07-23
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Date accepted2019-09-19
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Date published2019-12-24
Estimation of abrasiveness impact on the parameters of rock-cutting equipment
Development of equipment, which provides access to underground mineral deposits and their extraction, requires the use of all the accumulated experience and advanced scientific research in the area of mechanical rock cutting. The most important issues of using mechanical rock cutting tools are their wearability and consumption, which have an impact on technical and economic indicators of project efficiency. The paper describes Russian and foreign practices of estimating tool wear resistance, expressions to determine critical cutting speed, methods to evaluate tool consumption. It is demonstrated that wearability of mechanical tools and associated effects are to a large extent defined by rock abrasiveness. It is highlighted that in Russia the index is calculated using Baron-Kuznetsov method, which is briefly described in the paper. In many countries with a highly-developed mining industry, rock abrasiveness is estimated with a Cerchar Abrasiveness Index (CAI), recommended by the International Society for Rock Mechanics. Its description is also presented in the paper.
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Date submitted2018-05-09
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Date accepted2018-06-30
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Date published2018-10-24
Scientific and methodical approaches to increase prospecting efficiency of the russian arctic shelf state geological mapping
- Authors:
- A. S. Egorov
- I. Yu. Vinokurov
- A. N. Telegin
A rationale for the set of theoretical and methodological techniques of mapping and deep modeling in the Russian Arctic shelf and adjacent sedimentary basins in continental Russia is based on the materials for the Barents and Kara Seas region. This article provides the factual basis of the research and shows how to apply zonal-block model of the crust and generalized models of geodynamic settings in terms of the different geophysical data inconsistency. The necessity and approach for global and regional paleo-reconstructions are also discussed. It is shown that localization of the principal structural and compositional units of the lithosphere being a consequence of geodynamic processes at the boundaries of lithospheric plates, form at the basis of sedimentary cover and crystalline basement layered maps as well as cross-sections of the continental crust. The identified parameters of the deep structure and milestones of the regional tectonic history open new opportunities to explore the regularities of ore deposits distribution. The shown example of the forecast and metallogeny problems solution within Western Siberia and Khatanga-Vilyui petroleum provinces is made using the parameters of known industrial oil and gas fields for training the pattern recognition system.
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Date submitted2017-11-23
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Date accepted2018-01-19
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Date published2018-04-24
Theoretical aspects of the technical level estimation of electrical engineering complexes
- Authors:
- S. V. Kolesnichenko
- O. V. Afanaseva
The results of the analysis of methods allowing to evaluate the technical level of the electro technical complex (ETC) are presented and an original technique based on the application of the integral indicator is presented. The characteristic of each stage of the technique is given. The proposed scientific and methodological apparatus for assessing the technical level of the ETС is illustrated by the examples of the executive elements of the ETC comparison (internal combustion engines) using an integral quality index that links both the main characteristics of the samples and the means spent for achieving them. The proposed approach for assessing the technical level and quality of the ETC on the basis of an integral indicator should be carried out already at early stages of the life cycle when solving the following problems: the rationale for the economic feasibility of developing new or improving the quality of the produced ETCs; choice of the best option for the developed ETC; justification of requirements for the ETC; decision-making on the establishment and removal of ETC from production; substantiation of the rules of operation of the ETC in various conditions.
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Date submitted2017-09-20
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Date accepted2017-10-29
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Date published2018-02-22
Substantiation of strength of the filling mass by taking a blast effect into account for the room-and-pillar methods
- Authors:
- E. T. Voronov
- V. N. Tyupin
The development of the uranium ore bodies at the ore mines of PJSC «Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Union» (PJSC «PIMCU») by room-and-pillar method as high as a pillar between the levels (60 m) without fill, as a rule, leads to the fall of the adjoining rock, to the strong contamination of the ore and to the high yield of the oversize pieces of the barren rock. A longstanding industrial and theoretical research shows that the sizes of the self-sustaining rock escarpments at the ore mines of PJSC «PIMCU» in the solid mass of trachydacites, conglomerates, sandstones, felsites are equal to 20-40 m. Moreover, the sizes of the self-sustaining rock escarpments depend to a great extent on the intensity of fracturing of the adjoining rocks. The stable size of the escarpment does not exceed 5-10 m for the rocks with the size of a jointing up to 0.05 m. Consequently, timely performance of the filling operations of the worked-out space of the chamber is important. However, the question then arises: which characteristic strength should the filling mass have? The calculations of the characteristics of the filling mass in compliance with the reference guide «Shaft filling operations» show underestimated values of the characteristic compressive strength of the fill (1.4 MPa) for the room-and-pillar method, which leads to the increase of the ore contamination by the fill and provokes the additional costs for refilling of the volumes of the rock fall. On the basis of the Russian experience of using of the consolidated fill for the development of the ore bodies of 15 m thickness by chamber method the strength of the fill is taken as 3-5 MPa under the resultant value of the static stresses without taking into account the character of the dynamic loading stresses induced by the sequence blasthole ring initiating in a chamber. Overestimating the characteristic strength of the filling mass results in the high consumption of the cementing materials. On the basis of the theoretical research the authors suggested the theoretical dependence of calculation of the characteristic strength of the filling material with respect to compressive stresses of the fill induced by the blasting operations. The process of designing of the filling mass with the zones of diverse strength for the room-and-pillar extraction with the consolidated rock fill is proven to be economically reasonable. The bottom zone of the solid mass should have high strength (3-4 MPa), and the strength of the upper zone should be up to 2-2.5 MPa.
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Date submitted2017-09-22
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Date accepted2017-11-17
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Date published2018-02-22
The problem of cadastral appraisal of forest lands taking into account the infrastructure of the forestry fund
- Authors:
- V. F. Kovyazin
- A. Yu. Romanchikov
Forest lands are the main means of production in the forest sector. For the most territories in the Russian Federation there are established methods of cadastral appraisal, but not for the forest regions taking up 2/3 of the country’s area. In 2002 Russian Government made an attempt to solve this problem and recommended a method of cadastral appraisal for the lands of the forestry fund. However, the method did not find practical application and was dismissed in 2010, and no substitution followed. In each subject of the Russian Federation private appraisers offer their own options of forest land valuation, but their results differ significantly even for the lands with comparable species of wood, productivity, site quality and age composition of the stand. Moreover, valuation organizations do not take into account forest infrastructure. Authors propose a universal method suitable for the entire territory of the country, which will allow to calculate specific cadastral value of the forest lands taking into account taxation indices of the wood stands growing there. The method is suitable not only for the objective cadastral valuation of the forest lands – reasonable rental payments will provide an opportunity to develop transport infrastructure in the forestry fund, especially forest roads and bridges, and to make timely arrangements for plant maintenance, forest protection and reproduction, which will have a significant influence on social and economic development of forest regions in Russia.
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Date submitted2014-11-15
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Date accepted2015-01-11
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Date published2015-10-26
On the necessity of taking into consideration the increment of the growing stock in cadastral valuation of lands of forest fund
- Authors:
- V. F. Kovyazin
Currently there are no methods of cadastral valuation of forest land although the area covers 2/3 of the territory of the Russian Federation. In 2002, the Federal Land Inventory Service of Russia proposed a method but it failed to find practical use due to the complicated calculation of the cadastral value according to the Faustmann formula and lack of open access to some information about the forest fund and was totally abolished seven years later. There were several reasons for abolishing the method and the main reason was lack of methods to predict a supply of wood to the age of maturity when the cadastral assessment was carried out in the plantations under the age of main felling. The author proposes to take into account the current growth rate of the growing stock per year on one hectare of land in the cadastral evaluation of forest fund lands. Based on the increment of the growing stock it is possible to construct a mathematical model of changes in the forest reserve to the age of maturity. The author suggests using the existing forest inventory materials to build the model. By updating existing data you can obtain any inventory indices including the growing stock in different age plantations. The resulting inventory of plantations at the age of maturity is recommended for cadastral valuation of the forest fund lands. The calculation of the cadastral value of forest land for one taxation quarter with and without current increment of the growing stock is given and the difference is 37 %.
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Date submitted2014-11-19
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Date accepted2015-01-12
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Date published2015-10-26
Scientific heritage of academician Nikolay Semenovich Kurnakov
- Authors:
- O. A. Dubovikov
Once N.V.Lipin, a professor of mathematics at the Leningrad Mining Institute, told N.S.Kurnakov that M.V.Lomonosov had complained about his lack of familiarity with mathematics. The outstanding scientist replied «That’s absolutely true, and I have already told you about it: we all need mathematics, and the more chemistry develops, the more it needs a mathematical justification». According to one scenario of the international nongovernmental organization, the Club of Rome, there will be a three-fold decrease in the world’s raw materials resources and multifold volume reduction in industrial production by the middle of the 21st century. Another scenario claims that raw materials will reduce only by one third, and the volume of industrial production will remain at the level of the beginning of the century. Not only the first scenario, but also the second one forecasts industrial stagnation. It is unacceptable for dynamic and sustainable development of the technological civilization. Intensively developing economies in China, India, Brazil and Russia defy the forecast of the Club of Rome, as it has not taken into account the possibility of scientific and technological progress in reducing energy consumption and using alternative sources, as well as the increased technological potential of the humanity. Due to depletion of the main sources of energy (oil and gas), many experts link the future of the world’s power industry with the possible use of solid energy resources. From the environmental point of view solid fuel gasification technology is the most preferable. As the calorific value of producer gas is relatively low in comparison with natural gas, some research of possible use of producer gas (as an alternative to natural gas which is available not in all regions) at Russian industrial enterprises has been conducted.
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Date submitted2014-10-01
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Date accepted2014-12-11
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Date published2015-08-25
Method of diagnostics of diesel engines in timing of the operating cycle
- Authors:
- A. S. Afanasev
- A. A. Tretyakova
To maintain diesel engines in working condition there have been developed methods of diagnosing local crankshaft rotation developed by each cylinder. Inoperative cylinder has an angular velocity of rotation that does not respond the technical conditions. The measuring and computing complex consisting of personal computers, diagnostic complex «MotoDoc III», software and a set of sensors was developed for measuring. The results of the measurement and analysis of time parameters are displayed on the monitor screen. The software facilitates the recording of a signal, its processing and storage, as well as the ability to display the results. The method of diagnosis involves a number of stages: preparation of a diesel engine and equipment, the holding of general and local diagnosis, diagnosing. Thus, it appears possible to carry out condition monitoring of diesel engines by CIP method.
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Date submitted2010-07-19
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Date accepted2010-09-22
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Date published2011-03-21
Simulation of swinging movement autoresonant electric drive with nonsymmetric excitation
- Authors:
- A. N. Fomenko
Mathematical and simulation models of drill bit oscillations. Method for calculating the model works elastic, electromagnetic and load torques has been developed. Simulation results of autoresonant regimes with asymmetric excitation oscillations of dynamically counter balanced drilling string on the cargo-carrying cable drill bit are represented.
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Date submitted2010-07-21
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Date accepted2010-09-28
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Date published2011-03-21
Swinging movement autoresonant electric drive with nonsymmetric excitation of dynamically counter-balanced drilling string on carrying cable
- Authors:
- E. A. Zagrivnyi
- A. N. Fomenko
Considered nonsymmetric mode of drill bit oscillations when forming a unipolar electromagnetic torque on each cycle oscillations of dynamically balanced drill . Developed a method for estimating speed of rotation drill around its axis when working in the nonsymmetric mode at first approximation .
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Date submitted2010-07-11
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Date accepted2010-09-14
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Date published2011-03-21
Application of seismic reflection method for engineering-geological issues solving in Saint Petersburg and Leningrad region
- Authors:
- A. S. Yakovlev
Several examples of seismic reflection method test surveys in St.-Petersburg and its suburbs are reviewed. The key point of research was the choice of an optimum field seismic works technique, processing and interpretation technique, providing the reliable solution of shallow depth investigation for the presented area.
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Date submitted2010-07-14
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Date accepted2010-09-29
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Date published2011-03-21
Basic requirements for shallow seismic field works technique by the reflected waves method for engineering-geological issues solving
- Authors:
- A. N. Telegin
- A. S. Yakovlev
The main requirements for the shallow seismic field works technique parameters for engineer-geological issues solving are represented. The optimum technique for the St.-Petersburg and its suburbs territory based on the results of experimental seismic studies, providing a detailed study of the upper part of the geological section, are proved.
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Date submitted2009-07-29
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Date accepted2009-09-29
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Date published2010-04-22
State examination of mineral reserves in the system of wise utilization of the earth’s interior
- Authors:
- Yu. A. Podturkin
The major problem of bodies of the government in sphere of regulation of attitudes protection of reserves creation of conditions for rational use of resources. The basic role in its decision is played with examination protection of reserves. Maintenance of effective carrying out of examination demands its constant perfection with reference to market conditions with use of the international criteria regarding both calculation and an estimation of stocks, and drawing up design and the engineering specifications on development of mineral deposits.