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Date submitted2022-10-29
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Date accepted2023-10-25
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Date published2024-04-25
Assessment of rock massif sustainability in the area of the underground research laboratory (Nizhnekanskii Massif, Enisei site)
The study presents the results of the research on geodynamic and geological conditions of the Enisei site (Krasnoyarsk Krai), chosen for the construction of an underground research laboratory. The laboratory is being built at a depth of 500 m to assess the suitability of the rock mass for burying high-level radioactive waste. The rocks consist of weakly fractured gneisses, granites, and dikes of metadolerites. Field observations were conducted on bedrock outcrops. They included the determination of rock mass quality indicators, measurement of rock fracturing, and a rating classification of stability using N.Barton's method. GNSS observations were also made to monitor surface deformations. These data were used to develop a three-dimensional structural model, including lithology, fault disruptions, intrusive bodies, elastic-strength properties of rocks, and the sizes of zones influenced by faulting. It will serve as a basis for boundary conditions and the construction of three-dimensional variational models of stress-strain states, identifying zones of concentration of hazardous stresses, and planning in situ geomechanical experiments in underground mines of the laboratory. The obtained values of the modified QR index for the main types of rocks allowed their classification as stable and moderately stable, corresponding to strong and very strong rocks on Barton's scale and the massif rating according to geomechanical classification.
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Date submitted2022-08-24
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Date accepted2023-02-15
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Date published2023-08-28
Modelling of the stress-strain state of block rock mass of ore deposits during development by caving mining systems
The article is devoted to the analysis of approaches to modeling the stress-strain state of a block rock mass in the vicinity of a single mine workings and in the area of rock cantilever influence during the development of the Khibiny apatite-nepheline deposits. The analysis of the existing in international engineering practice ideas about tectonic disturbances as a geomechanical element and the experience of predicting the stress-strain state of a block rock mass was carried out. On the basis of the analysis, the formulation of the basic modeling tasks is carried out and its main results are presented. Methodological recommendations for solving similar problems were developed.
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Date submitted2022-02-18
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Date accepted2022-05-25
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Date published2022-07-13
Remote sensing techniques in the study of structural and geotectonic features of Iturup Island (the Kuril Islands)
The article presents structural and geotectonic features of Iturup Island, the largest island in the Greater Kuril Ridge, a unique natural site, which can be considered as a geological reference. The structural and geotectonic analysis carried out on the basis of a comprehensive study of the new Earth remote sensing data, maps of anomalous geophysical geophysical fields, and other geological and geophysical materials using modern modelling methods made it possible for the first time to identify or clarify the location of previously discovered discontinuous faults, typify them and determine the kinematics, as well as to establish a more reliable spatial relationship of the identified structures with magmatism with the stages of the geological development of the region. The constructed diagram of the density distribution of the zones with increased tectonic fracturing shows a significant correlation between the distribution of minerals and weakened areas of the Earth's crust and can be used as an alternative method for predicting minerals in the study region, especially in remote and hard-to-reach areas. The presented approach can be extended to the other islands of the Greater Kuril Ridge, thereby bringing research geologists closer to obtaining the answers to questions about the features of the geotectonic structure and evolution of the island arc. The use of customized software products significantly speeds up the process of interpreting a large array of geological and geophysical data.
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Date submitted2020-05-07
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Date accepted2020-05-24
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Date published2020-06-30
Study of the technogenesis of the Degtyarsky mine by audio-magnetotelluric express sounding
- Authors:
- Vadim A. Davydov
The audio-magnetotelluric express sounding was performed at four sections crossing the mine field of the currently not functioning Degtyarsky mine. Field measurements were carried out by a universal broadband receiver “OMAR-2m” with active electromagnetic field sensors developed at the Institute of Geophysics UB RAS. Based on the obtained data, deep sections of the electrophysical parameters of the medium – apparent resistivity and effective longitudinal conductivity – are drawn. The nature of the geoelectric structure of the section allows mapping of the major lithochemical contamination plume and identifying the tectonic disturbance zones that drain aggressive mine waters. The mine waters of the Degtyarsky mine are a source of dangerous technogenic pollution. Despite the neutralization of surface runoff, underground routes of acidic water migration occur along tectonic cracks, primarily in the zone of the regional Serovsko-Mauksky fault. Tectonic zones in the mine area contain contaminated fissure-vein water, which is transited at a depth of 70 to over 200 m. Discharging ascending springs of such waters can be located at a great distance from controlled hydrological objects and pollute sources of drinking and household water supply. Urban development in the western and eastern parts of Degtyarsk does not fall within the distribution zone of polluted water. The southern part of the city is located beyond the watershed of the mine water flow area, but a danger of local contamination by tectonic disturbance zones remains possible. The worst environmental situation is observed in the northern outskirts of Degtyarsk, which falls into the area of heavy pollution of underground and surface waters. Besides, acidic fumes from the flooded Kolchedanny quarry can affect the health of city residents when emitted to the atmosphere.
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Date submitted2020-05-06
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Date accepted2020-05-24
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Date published2020-06-30
Revisiting the evolution of deformation zones under platform conditions in the case study of the Kungur Ice Cave (Cis-Urals)
- Authors:
- Nataliya V. Lavrova
Observations in mining tunnels and caves allow to identify composition and development specifics of fault structures under subsurface conditions at various stages of geological history. Basing on the existing formation model of Kungur Ice Cave karst system, author examines the transformations of deformation zones, occurring in the mass of interlaid sulfate and carbonate rocks under platform conditions. Morphologic specifics of vertical structures – organ pipes, developed within one of the gypsum-anhydrite units, are defined by evolution stages of disjunctive faults, penetrating the entire rock mass of the Ice Cave. Point infiltration of surface waters and formation of a single channel, where rock softening and taluses from overlapping deposits gradually occur, are currently considered to be the initiators of pipe formation. At a later stage a sink forms on the surface, increasing the amount of water coming to the karsting mass. However, the size of debris in the talus, incommensurate with the pipe head, rounded arches of separate pipes, fragments of feeder channels, characteristic for artesian conditions of underground water circulation, faceted rock debris from overlapping deposits, specifics of wall structure all define the priority of pipe formation over grottos and cave galleries. Plastic properties of gypsum sediments and processes of their hydration define secondary modifications of pipe walls up to complete filling of the voids and formation of secondary pillars with subsequent renewed formation of vertical channels – significantly smaller in diameter and formed by infiltration waters when subject to corrosion.
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Date submitted2019-03-25
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Date accepted2019-05-23
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Date published2019-08-23
Assessment of Rock-Burst Hazard in Deep Layer Mining at Nikolayevskoye Field
The paper presents results of conducted research using regional and local methods of forecast and control over geomechanical state of the rock mass at burst-hazardous Nikolayevskoye field, located in a geodynamically active region. The study subject is the ore mass of Nikolayevskoye field, characterized by man-induced and tectonic disturbances and high geodynamic activity. The aim of research was practical implementation of methods and instruments of forecast and control over geomechanical state of the burst-hazardous rock mass and safety improvement of mining operations. Exploitation practice of burst-hazardous fields demonstrates that forecast accuracy of hazardous rock pressure demands cutting-edge multi-level systems, where local methods and tools complement regional ones. A regional forecast of rock-burst hazard at Nikolayevskoye field was performed by means of seismoacoustic method using automated control system for rock pressure (ACSRP) «Prognoz-АDS». Local forecast was carried out using «Prognoz-L» device, geophysical (sample disking) method and visual observations of dynamic pressure manifestations in the mining tunnels. Quality assessment of stress-strain and burst state of the rock mass was performed using specialized software «PRESS 3D URAL». Integration of engineering and geomechanical data in the process of conducting research guarantees a relevant assessment of rock-burst hazard in various areas of the field at various stages of its development. Practical verification of the system, where local methods and tools complement regional ones, demonstrated satisfactory results at Nikolayevskoye mining plant, which makes it recommendable for other mining facilities extracting ore at great depths under similar conditions of active geodynamic processes.
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Date submitted2018-11-23
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Date accepted2019-01-03
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Date published2019-04-23
Structural model and tectonic evolution of the fault system in the Southern part of the Khur area, Central Iran
- Authors:
- A. Sohrabi
- A. Nadimi
- I. V. Talovina
- H. Safaei
In the southern part of the Khur area, there is faults system with predominantly North-West strike. This network of tectonic disturbances is one of the most important fault systems in Central Iran which crosses Paleozoic metamorphic rocks, Cretaceous limestones, and Eocene volcanic rocks. Interpretation of satellite imagery ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus, Landsat) and field observations showed the presence of left-lateral shifts along with fault system. This formed the structure of the branch faults at the northeast end of the main fault. Another feature associated with shear dislocations is the rotation of blocks in the northeastern and southwestern segments of the area under study. There are several basins and positive structures within the area such as a series of uplifts and thrusts, indicating the presence of compressional and extensional tectonics. Another part of the work is devoted to the study of the correlation between active faults and earthquakes. Processing of satellite images, field observations, records of micro-earthquakes within a radius of 17 km made it possible to analyze the earthquakes parameters and the position of tectonic disturbances, and, as a result, confirm the presence of active faults in the region. In addition, we have identified three successive stages of the Khur area tectonics: rifting, contraction, change of convergence and uplift direction.
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Date submitted2018-07-18
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Date accepted2018-09-22
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Date published2018-12-21
Forecasting rock burst hazard of tectonically disturbed ore massif at the deep horizons of Nikolaevskoe polymetallis deposit
- Authors:
- D. V. Sidorov
- M. I. Potapchuk
- A. V. Sidlyar
The subject of the research is the stress-strain and rock burst hazardous state of the ore massif of the Nikolaevskoe polymetallic deposit, formed under the influence of complex mining-geological and mining-technical factors. The purpose of the research is to establish the peculiarities of the formation of technogenic stress fields at the deposit, which is characterized by a block structure, a complex tectonic system and the presence of a large volume of developed spaces. Volumetric geodynamic modeling of the stress-strain state of the massif at different stages of the development of the deep horizons of the deposit was carried out by collecting information on the structure, properties and geodynamic state of the rock mass. The assessment of stress changes taking into account the effect of hypsometry, the configuration of the selvages, the physical-mechanical properties of the ore deposit and host rocks, the presence of tectonic disturbances was made using the developed numerical algorithms, the automation equipment of the initial data and the PRESS 3D URAL software. The simulation made it possible to establish that tectonic faults in the massif lead to a qualitative change in the stress-strain state in certain parts of the ore massif and in the pillars, namely, the reduction of stresses along the tectonic faults and their growth in nearby pillars. The identified features of the distribution of stresses in the tectonically disturbed rock massif of the Nikolaevskoe deposit will allow to identify in advance potentially hazardous areas both at the planning stage of mining operations and during development, as well as to work out effective rock burst measures to increase the safety of mining. The results of research can be used in enterprises with similar mining-geological and mining-technical conditions.
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Date submitted2018-07-05
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Date accepted2018-09-07
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Date published2018-12-21
The development of ideas about the structure and oil and gas potential of Nepa-Botuoba anteclise and adjacent part of Predpatomskii trough
- Authors:
- R. F. Sevostyanova
- V. S. Sitnikov
We considered various alternatives for tectonic zoning of the southwestern territories of The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Since 1975, the northern part of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise has been considered the structure controlling the oil and gas bearing area of the same name. The Nepa-Botuoba oil and gas region is one of the unique territories of the ancient Siberian platform. Its hydrocarbon potential is only partially explored. Analysis of the evolution of ideas about the structure of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise shows that as new data about its deep structure appear, the reserves of oil and gas increase almost synchronously. Currently, almost the entire resource base of the republic’s oil and gas industry is concentrated here.
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Date submitted2016-11-03
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Date accepted2016-12-27
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Date published2017-04-14
Evolution of mineral forms of rare element accumulation in ore-bearing granites and meta-somatites of Verkhneurmiysk ore cluster (Priamur region)
It has been attempted to expand existing understanding of accessory mineralization evolution of rare metal-granite series at post-magmatic stage of their development and formation of associated hydrothermal deposits. Composition and distribution of rare elements of Verkhneurmiysk ore cluster have been examined from the position of mineralogy: the study focused on accessory and ore minerals Sn, W, Nb, Ta, Bi, Y, rare earth elements in rare metal Li-F granites and associated metasomatites. It has been discovered that accessory magmatic and hydrothermal mineral complexes share the same geochemical features, are formed under the leading role of abovementioned elements and consistently follow each other over time. It has been traced how mineral forms of accumulation of Sn, W, Nb, Ta, Y and rare earth elements evolve in the processes of magmatic crystallization and post-magmatic metasomatism in the time series: rare metal granites → zwitters → tourmalinites → chloritites. Mineral rocks of each stage were noted to inherit mineralogical and geochemical distinctions from the rocks of the previous stage. A significant number of minerals, forming in the course of two-three stages, have been discovered, as well as omnipresent magmagene-hydrothermal minerals. For a number of accessory minerals of rare metal granites post-magmatic generations have been identified. Special diversity among accessories of rare metal granites and zwitters was observed in tungsten, tin and bismuth minerals.
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Date submitted2016-09-08
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Date accepted2016-11-18
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Date published2017-02-22
Plume tectonics – myth or reality?
- Authors:
- Yu. I. Daragan-Sushchov
The paper is dedicated to the role of mantle plumes in the formation of large igneous provinces. From different regions of the world facts are mentioned that contradict key points of plume tectonics. Closer attention is paid to classical volcanic provinces on Hawaiian islands and in Iceland, as well as to Siberian and Deccan Traps, oceanic plateau Ontong Java, Central Atlantic magmatic province, Alfa and Mendeleev Ridges in the Arctic Ocean. A conclusion is drawn that plumes are a special case of mantle-lithospheric flows, which according to deep geophysics are often located horizontally which leaves out their plume origin. Heated masses of mantle substance under young volcanic regions or rift zones of mid-ocean ridges do not emerge from the depth in the form of a straight column, but rather have arbitrary shapes, skewing to the sides and having outgrowths, offshoots, spherical bulges. Vertically rising flows of hot magma (plumes) are not a cause, but an effect of a lithospheric split and rise of magmatic substance due to decompression. A conclusion is made that it is unproductive to exaggerate the shapes and sizes of plumes and use them to explain all the diversity of endogenous processes.
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Date submitted2015-07-21
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Date accepted2015-09-24
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Date published2016-02-24
Tectonic development and granitoid magmatism of Northeast Asia in the late mesozoic
- Authors:
- V. I. Alekseev
The history of tectonic development and granitoid magmatism of Northeast Asia in the late Mesozoic is considered. The variety of tectonic situations and granitoid magmatism are favorable circumstances for the solution of many fundamental problems in geology, but tectono-magmatic division into districts is complicated owing to variability of the composition and the structure of the Earth’s crust. A rational approach to the tectonic division into districts of a region by the research of granitoid magmatism based on determining consolidated crust blocks with various tectonic history is offered. Pre-mesozoic and mesozoic structures of the Far East, among which primary and superimposed on the Precambrian and Paleozoic base Verkhoyansk orogeny prevails, are determined. The conclusion on the important role of middle massifs and passive margins with a thin Riphean-Paleozoic cover in geodynamic development of the Far East is drawn. The mesozoic activization of ancient structures along with young granitoid magmatism is established. The driving force of the Pacific ore belt granitization was the interaction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate and plates in Northeast Asia in the middle-late Mesozoic. The history of regional tectogenesis and granitoid magmatism in the late Triassic–Eocene (230-33,7 million years) taking into account the latest geodynamic concepts is tracked. The place in tectonic history of the Asian continental margin of plutonic and volcanic-plutonic belts is determined. Four stages of tectonomagmatic development of the Far East are established: the Jurassic and the early Cretaceous collisional, the early Cretaceous upsubduction, the late Cretaceous upsubduction-transform and the late Cretaceous–Paleogene rift-related.
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Date submitted2010-07-17
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Date accepted2010-09-02
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Date published2011-03-21
Selection of parameters camouflet blasting to reduce bump hazard by development uranium deposits
- Authors:
- D. Yu. Dordzhiev
Simulation-based by the finite element values obtained stress strain state around the stope ore as ore body downstream horizontal layers with a mined-out space. The results of the simulation allowed to substantiate a contained blasting parameters to bring pillar to anti bump hazard state.
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Date submitted2009-10-12
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Date accepted2009-12-26
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Date published2010-09-22
Methods and techniques for control of rockburst-hazard in underground mining at ore mines of the Far-East district
An assessment is given to the present-day state of control of dynamic rock pressure manifestations in the rockburst-hazardous ore mines of the Far-East district. Consideration is given to the used methods and facilities for control of rock pressure and the ways for their improvement . Basic foundations of methodical approaches to the assessment of geomechanical state of rock mass by data of geoacoustic control are considered.
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Date submitted2009-10-18
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Date accepted2009-12-09
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Date published2010-09-22
Influence of blocky-hierarchy structure of geological medium on the forming of natural and technogenic geodynamic fields in the North-West part of the Amur geoblock
- Authors:
- I. Yu. Rasskazov
- B. G. Saksin
On the example of the South-Argun uranium ore district of Zabaikalie consideration is given to the interaction of regional and local fields of stresses. The district includes a number of deposits prone to rock bursts. The performed analysis contains data on recent geodynamics of the explored part of the Amur geoblock as well as on geomechanical and geologo-structural materials of Tulukuev caldera and of Antey deposit. It is shown that with the use of the M.A. Sadovsky relationship the indices of local structural forms of a row are subjected to unified laws of deformation and fracturing. Conclusion was made that at the beginning of deposit exploitation the direction of action of stress field within rock mass conformed to regional one, and then it considerably changed under influence of large-scale mining operations.
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Date submitted2009-10-21
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Date accepted2009-12-16
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Date published2010-09-22
Geomechanical foundations of the safe extraction in joint mining of rich, coppery and ore patches in deep ore mines at Тalnakh
- Authors:
- V. A. Zvezdkin
- A. A. Andreev
The paper deals with the specific formation of stress fields in ore-bearing intrusions at the Oktiabrsky and Talnakh ore deposits with due account of depth of occurrence and formation of tectonic disturbances. The authors have investigated the influence of mining works on stress state of ore-bearing portion of the intrusion. The relationships were obtained in terms of the formation of stress fields in the intrusion during its undermining, overmining and joint mining of several ore deposits. Some recommendations are given for mining of series of ore formations at the Oktiabrsky and Talnakh deposits.
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Date submitted2009-10-20
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Date accepted2009-12-26
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Date published2010-09-22
Change in presentations on mechanism of rock and tectonic bursts at ore mines at present time
- Authors:
- A. V. Lovchikov
It was shown that presentations on mechanism of rock and tectonic bursts developed for coal deposits, are not suitable for the conditions of ore deposits. Forms of manifestations of rock and tectonic bursts at ore deposits have been determined by experimental data including the artificial initiation of rock bursts in pillars.
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Date submitted2009-10-30
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Date accepted2009-12-09
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Date published2010-09-22
Investigation of regularities of rock inrush forming in productive faces of сoal mines
- Authors:
- Yu. M. Khalimendik
- A. V. Brui
- M. V. Chemakina
The aspect of maintenance of roof stability of active stopes in mines of the Western Donbass is considered in the article. The conclusion is drawn on the probability of coal falls formation during mining operations in disturbed areas. Principal causes of coal fall formation are considered on the bais of natural surveying observations. Connections between technological parameters of longwall and geometrical parameters of disturbance are established.
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Date submitted2009-10-30
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Date accepted2009-12-30
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Date published2010-09-22
Prediction of geodynamic processes in exploitation of the rockburst-dangerous North-Urals bauxite deposit
- Authors:
- D. V. Sidorov
- O. B. Shonin
The paper presents the results of a computer modeling technology applied in the «Sevuralboxitruda» enterprise. The aim of the technology is to forecast geodynamical processes during mining works in tectonic-stressed zones of ore deposits. The impact degree on structural components of room-and-pillar mining method caused by active tectonic faults is estimated.
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Date submitted2009-10-21
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Date accepted2009-12-26
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Date published2010-09-22
Modeling of geomechanical processes in mining the steeply pitching ore bodies of rockburst-hazardous deposits
The article contains the results of numerical modeling of stress-strain state in constructive elements of mining systems, applied at hazardous and prone to rook bursts deposits of the Far-East. Consideration is given to some stated regularities of forming of teсhnogenic stress field and geomechanical processes proceeding in rock mass of minable deposits which allow to substantiate a сomplex of measures for prevention of dynamic rock pressure manifestations.
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Date submitted2009-10-05
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Date accepted2009-12-05
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Date published2010-09-22
Control of rock mass state in mining the sections at mines оf the Vorkutaugol JST: up-to-date practice
- Authors:
- O. V. Yamenko
- I. E. Plisko
The article briefly outlines the methods and measures used at mines of the Vorkutaugol JSC to control the stress strain state of rock massif. These measures help to increase face load and to ensure mine safety.
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Date submitted2009-09-01
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Date accepted2009-11-21
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Date published2010-06-25
Mathematical simulation of emergency situations arising at storage and treatment of potential hazard chemical substances
- Authors:
- Yu. V. Sharikov
- I. N. Beloglazov
Possible reasons arising destroying of storage and apparatuses for potential hazard materials have been analyzed. Thermal explosion has been indicated as one of most impotent reasons of destroying chemical reactors and storages. Basic equations for describing of this phenomena have been evaluated for different type geometry and conditions of heat exchange on outside surface. Numerical procedures have been proposed and tested for solving and analyzing of evaluated equations with using special program package ThermEx. Processes of evaluation arising clouds of hazard substances have been considered. Basic mathematical equations have been proposed for analyze of considered processes. The procedure for solving of considered problems has been proposed and tested on base of special program package ReactOp.
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Date submitted2009-09-04
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Date accepted2009-11-18
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Date published2010-06-25
Anthropology. Genetic aspects of evolution
- Authors:
- T. A. Larina
Human being is included in various connections and relations with the reality and is studied by the ramified system of scholarly disciplines. Philosophy plays a special role in cognition, it has a function of integrator of knowledge about human being, and it would be impossible without the tight bonds between philosophy and particular sciences. The development of modern natural sciences, especially biology, is more and more oriented to the study of the fundamentals of life, of the human being – nature – society system.
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Date submitted2009-09-17
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Date accepted2009-11-19
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Date published2010-06-25
At sources of the evolutionary theory of knowledge: К. Lorentz's concept
- Authors:
- I. G. Rebeshchenkova
Globalization and informatisaton of the modern society, the successes of natural and humanistic sciences determine the higher attention to the evolution of the human knowledge. In the last time the evolutionary theory of knowledge is becoming of the one of intensive developing interdisciplinary direction in the several countries. One of the founder of this theory is Austrian scientist and philosopher K.Lorenz (1903-1989).
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Date submitted2009-08-17
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Date accepted2009-10-18
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Date published2010-02-01
Geotechnical engineering and hydrogeological specifics of estimate high-rise buildings construction and operation conditions (in terms of local zone on the right bank of Neva river)
- Authors:
- A. M. Zhukova
In the paper specificity of geotechnical engineering conditions in the local zone of the right river Neva bank are considered. The influence of underground topographies of Pre-Quaternary soils roof formed by paleovalleys on the specificity of engineering geological profile is analyzed. Influence of tectonic faults on physical and mechanical properties of Upper Kotlin clays (Upper Vendian) which it is planned to use as the basis for high-rise constructions is considered. Negative influence of Low Kotlin (Upper Vendian) pressure water-bearing horizon on clay properties in the construction foundation and structural materials is investigated.