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Date submitted2024-03-18
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Date accepted2024-11-07
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Date published2025-01-14
Public-private partnership in the mineral resources sector of Russia: how to implement the classical model?
A comparative financial and economic analysis is conducted of different public-private partnership (PPP) models for industrial infrastructure construction projects in an underdeveloped resource-rich region. The Stackelberg game theory-based model is used to build a parametrized family of bilevel mathematical programming models that describe an entire spectrum of partnership schemes. This approach enables a comparison of different strategies for the distribution of infrastructure investments between the government and the subsoil user and hence a scenario of transformation of Russia’s current PPP scheme into the classical partnership model, which is practiced in developed economies. To this end, a database is created on fifty polymetallic deposits in Transbaikalia, and a comparative analysis is conducted of Stackelberg-equilibrium development programs that implement different PPP models. The numerical experiment results show the classical PPP model to be most effective in the case of a budget deficit. The analysis helps assess the economic consequences of a gradual transformation of the partnership institution in industrial infrastructure construction from investor support in the Russian model to government support in the classical scheme. Intermediate partnership models, which act as a transitional institution, help reduce the budget burden. These models can be implemented by clustering the deposits, developing subsoil user consortia, and practicing shared construction of necessary transport and energy infrastructure. The intensification of horizontal connections between subsoil users creates favorable conditions for additional effects from the consolidation of resources and can serve as a foundation for a practical partnership scheme within the framework of the classical model.
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Date submitted2023-11-01
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Date accepted2024-05-02
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Date published2024-12-25
Improving the procedure for group expert assessment in the analysis of professional risks in fuel and energy companies
The lack of a unified approach to the assessment of professional risks in fuel and energy companies (FEC) in the national regulatory environment and a high degree of subjectivity of the results of hazard identification and risk assessment makes mathematically sound recruitment of an expert group urgent and necessary. The article presents the results of a comprehensive study on hazard identification and risk assessment at 6,105 workplaces in 24 branches of a FEC company based on the application of the expert assessment method and a scientifically sound qualitative and quantitative selection of experts. The priority vectors of factors are determined, global priorities are calculated, the size of the expert group (15 persons) is determined and mathematically substantiated for carrying out hazard identification and risk assessment at workplaces with sufficient reliability of results. For the first time, a set of factors characterizing the FEC companies that influence the determination of professional competence of experts is proposed. The formed expert group presented more precise, objective and consistent results of risk assessment. Standards for free distribution of personal protective equipment (PPE) and wash-off agents to 7,234 company employees for implementation and trial use were developed. A fragment of the results obtained for a driller's workplace is presented. This approach allows a significant increase in objectivity and efficiency of the professional risk management system and provision of the PPE to employees in the concept of a risk-oriented approach helping to prevent industrial injuries and improve the level of occupational safety culture in fuel and energy companies taking into account global practice.
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Date submitted2022-11-21
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Date accepted2024-05-02
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Date published2024-08-26
M1 formation tectono-structural features and gas-oil potential within Archinskaya area Paleozoic basement (Western Siberia)
- Authors:
- Vladimir B. Belozerov
- Mikhail O. Korovin
Western Siberian Plate basement oil and gas potential evaluation largely depends on structural and stratigraphic complex architecture representation. New modern procedures for seismic data processing, detailed Paleozoic deposits stratigraphic studies and expanded geophysical well logging significantly change the representation of the basement rocks fold-block structure and previously developed hydrocarbon reservoirs models. Detailed studies conducted within the Archinskii uplift showed that Paleozoic sediments form a contrasting folded structure complicated by block tectonics. The significant block displacements amplitude determines the lithological and stratigraphic basement rocks erosional-tectonic surface, while the identified stratigraphic blocks control the oil productivity distribution within the Archinskaya area. The filtration-capacity heterogeneity folded structure of the Paleozoic sediments is reflected in the distribution of hydrocarbon saturation in the well section, forming independent gas, oil, and oil-water zones for the development process. The relationship between anticlinal structural forms of basement rocks to lowered, and synclinal to elevated blocks, determines the necessity to conduct exploration prospecting within younger stratigraphic blocks when assessing the deep Paleozoic oil and gas potential.
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Date submitted2024-04-08
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Date accepted2024-06-13
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Date published2024-12-25
Analysing the problems of reproducing the mineral resource base of scarce strategic minerals
The results of studying the scarcity of strategic minerals in the Russian Federation are presented, domestic consumption of which is largely provided by forced imports and/or stored reserves. Relevance of the work is due to aggravation of the geopolitical situation and a growing necessity to meet the demand of national economy for raw materials from own sources. Analysis of the state of mineral resource base of scarce minerals in the Russian Federation was accomplished, problems were identified and prospects for its development were outlined taking into account the domestic demand for scarce minerals, their application areas and the main consumers. Reducing the deficit through the import of foreign raw materials and the development of foreign deposits does not ensure the reproduction of the domestic mineral resource base, independence of the country from imported raw materials as well as additional competitive advantages, economic stability and security. It was ascertained that a major factor holding back the development of the mineral resource base is insufficient implementation of new technological solutions for the use of low-quality ore. Improving the technologies in the industry is relevant for all types of scarce minerals to solve the problem of reproducing their resource base. Taking into account the prospects for the development of the resource base for the minerals under consideration (manganese, uranium, chromium, fluorspar, zirconium, titanium, graphite) requires a set of legal and economic measures aimed at increasing the investment attractiveness of geological exploration for subsoil users at their own expense without attracting public funding. The proposed measures, taking into account the analysis of positive experience of foreign countries, include the development of junior businesses with expansion of the “declarative” principle, the venture capital market, various tax incentives, preferential loans as well as conditions for the development of infrastructure in remote regions. The proposed solution to the problem of scarcity of strategic minerals will make it possible in future to present measures to eliminate the scarcity of certain types of strategic minerals taking into account their specificity.
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Date submitted2024-01-31
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Date accepted2024-05-02
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Date published2024-12-25
Evaluation of the effectiveness of water dust-suppressing emulsions based on acrylic and alkyd polymers
Currently, the use of special dust-suppressing reagents is promising to reduce the level of dust in the vicinity and on the territories of pits, mining and processing plants and other facilities with a high content of fine dust. The analysis of ways to reduce the dust-forming ability of inorganic dispersions with a high degree of dusting is carried out. Due to the lack of regulatory and technical documentation devoted to the standardization of quality control methods for dust-suppressing compounds, it becomes necessary to analyze existing parameters and methods for their determination in order to develop mandatory methods for controlling the properties of dust-suppressing compounds, films formed by them and consolidated systems. The study is devoted to substantiating the necessary methods for assessing the dust-forming ability of inorganic dispersions after treatment with various dust suppressants and evaluating their effectiveness. The parameters are considered and methods for quantifying the determination of the quality of the consolidated layer of dust samples using different dust-suppressing compositions are described. As a result of the analysis of the set of parameter values, it was found that the most resistant to the effects of negative factors due to the formation of a denser and more durable polymer matrix mesh are dusting surface samples treated with an emulsion of alkyd glypthalic resin on a water basis with a high agglomerating effect on particles of inorganic dispersion and the formation of a consolidated layer with a wetting angle of 92.5° and a compressive strength 0.56 MPa.
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Date submitted2022-10-13
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Date accepted2023-10-11
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Date published2023-10-27
An innovative approach to injury prevention in mining companies through human factor management
This study argues that human error has an effect on occupational injury risks in mining companies. It shows through an analysis of existing approaches to occupational risk assessment that it is necessary to develop a quantitative assessment method factoring in individual psychophysiological attributes in order to analyze injury risks posed to miners. The article presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of how workers’ psychophysiological attributes influence their susceptibility to occupational injuries in underground mining conditions. By utilizing statistical data processing methods, such as discriminant and regression analysis, the study develops models to forecast personal injury risks among miners. These quantitative models underlie the proposed method for assessing miners’ susceptibility to injuries. The study outlines an algorithm for the practical application of this method and shows how the method was validated using a training sample. It provides recommendations for managing the human factor, incorporating the results of the proposed method, and emphasizes the importance of implementing a series of protective measures to mitigate the risk of occupational injuries in underground mining operations.
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Date submitted2022-10-31
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Date accepted2023-03-02
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Date published2023-12-25
Lightweight ash-based concrete production as a promising way of technogenic product utilization (on the example of sewage treatment waste)
- Authors:
- Tatyana E. Litvinova
- Denis V. Suchkov
The study is devoted to the development of a method for the technogenic raw materials utilization. Special attention is paid to the prospect of involving products based on them in the production of new building materials. The results of Russian and foreign studies on the reuse of wastes, such as phosphogypsum, metallurgical slag, waste from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment, etc., in the building materials industry are considered. It has been established that the use of incinerated sewage sludge ash in construction is a promising direction in terms of environmental and economic efficiency. The research confirmed the compliance of the lightweight ash-based concrete components to the regulatory documentation requirements for a number of indicators. As a result of the research, the composition of the raw mixture for the lightweight concrete production with incinerated sewage sludge ash as a replacement for a part of the cement has been developed. In terms of parameters, the developed concrete corresponds to standard lightweight concrete, marked in accordance with the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation as D1300 (density not less than 1.3 g/cm3), Btb2 (flexural strength not less than 2 MPa), M200/B15 (compressive strength not less than 15 MPa). Lightweight ash-based concrete is suitable for use in construction, repair of roads and improvement of urban areas.
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Date submitted2022-05-12
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Date accepted2022-11-17
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Date published2023-04-25
Microbiological remediation of oil-contaminated soils
- Authors:
- Irina D. Sozina
- Aleksandr S. Danilov
Microbiological remediation is a promising technology for the elimination of environmental contamination by oil and petroleum products, based on the use of the metabolic potential of microorganisms. The issue of environmental contamination by crude oil and its refined products is relevant in the Russian Federation since the oil industry is one of the leading sectors of the country. Mechanical and physico-chemical methods of treatment are widely used to clean oil-contaminated soils. However, the methods belonging to these groups have a number of significant drawbacks, which actualizes the development of new methods (mainly biological), since they are more environmentally friendly, cost-effective, less labor-intensive, and do not require the use of technical capacities. Various bio-based products based on strains and consortia of microorganisms have been developed that have proven effectiveness. They include certain genera of bacteria, microscopic fungi, and microalgae, substances or materials acting as sorbents of biological agents and designed to retain them in the soil and increase the efficiency of bioremediation, as well as some nutrients. Statistical data, the most effective methods, and technologies, as well as cases of using microorganisms to restore oil-contaminated soils in various climatic conditions are presented.
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Date submitted2021-10-18
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Date accepted2022-01-24
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Date published2022-04-29
Development of a hydrocarbon completion system for wells with low bottomhole temperatures for conditions of oil and gas fields in Eastern Siberia
The paper presents the results of investigations on the influence of low bottomhole temperatures in the intervals of productive formations on the technological properties of solutions used for drilling and completion of wells in order to determine the possibility of increasing gas recovery coefficient at the field of the “Sila Sibiri” gas pipeline. The analysis of technological measures determining the quality of the productive horizon drilling-in was carried out. It was found out that the dispersion of bridging agent in the composition of the hydrocarbon-based drilling mud selected from the existing methods does not have significant influence on the change in the depth of filtrate penetration into the formation in conditions of low bottomhole temperatures. The main reason for the decrease in the near-bottomhole zone permeability was found out – the increase in plastic viscosity of the dispersion medium of the hydrocarbon-based drilling mud under the influence of low bottomhole temperatures. A destructor solution for efficient wellbore cleaning from hydrocarbon-based solution components in conditions of low bottomhole temperatures was developed. The paper presents the results of laboratory investigations of hydrocarbon-based drilling mud and the developed destructor solution, as well as its pilot field tests. The mechanism of interaction between the destructor solution and the filter cake of the hydrocarbon-based drilling mud ensuring the reduction of the skin factor in the conditions of the geological and hydrodynamic structure of Botuobinsky, Khamakinsky and Talakhsky horizons of the Chayandinskoye oil and gas condensate field has been scientifically substantiated.
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Date submitted2021-02-24
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Date accepted2021-10-18
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Date published2021-12-16
A probabilistic approach to the dynamic cut-off grade assessment
Cut-off grade is an important conditioning parameter that determines the quantity and quality of recoverable reserves and development efficiency. Today, Russian mining companies operate with certified quality requirements. By setting permanent quality requirements, the government seeks to prevent depletion of reserves, reduced production during periods of falling prices, and decreased budget revenues, expressing the interests of all members of society. But to what extent do the permanent quality requirements protect the interests of the state? The answer to this question is ambiguous and does not lie on the surface. The State Commission for Reserves and domestic researchers are working to find a rational solution to the problem of quality requirements. One solution is dynamic quality requirements. The effectiveness of their application has been proven for individual mining companies, but it is incorrect to transfer these conclusions to the entire mineral resource base of the country. This article presents a new approach to determining the dynamic cut-off grade, which varies depending on the price of minerals. The dynamic cut-off grade is proposed to be determined based on the indicators of constant requirements to the quality of exploration work, using the maximum allowable costs in the region. The approach allows to calculate the effect of the introduction of dynamic cut-off grade in the practice of subsurface use for the state (in the form of the amount of taxes received) and for subsoil users (in the form of the amount of income). For a group of gold-bearing deposits with open-pit mining method, it was established that the development of reserves using dynamic values of the cut-off grade in periods of price changes ensures compliance with the interests of the state and subsoil users.
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Date submitted2019-07-11
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Date accepted2019-08-25
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Date published2019-12-24
Improving the efficiency of using resource base of liquid hydrocarbons in Jurassic deposits of Western Siberia
Under conditions of the same type of oil deposits with hard-to-recover reserves in Jurassic terrigenous reservoirs of the West Siberian oil and gas province, a study was made about the influence of the geological structure features of objects and water flooding technologies on the response degree of production wells to water injection. Response degree of the wells was determined by analyzing the time series of production rates and injection volumes of injection wells with the calculation of inter-correlation function (ICF) values. It was believed that with ICF values in a given injection period of more than 0.5, production well responds to the injection. Factors that have a prevailing effect on water flooding success have been identified. Among them: effective oil-saturated thickness of the formation in production wells; relative amplitude of the self polarization of the formation in both production and injection wells; grittiness coefficient of the formation in injection wells; monthly volume of water injection and distance between wells. Methodological approach is proposed based on the application of the proposed empirical parameter of water flooding success, which involves the use of indirect data in conditions of limited information about the processes occurring in the formation at justification and selection of production wells for transferring them to injection during focal flooding; drilling of additional production and injection wells – compaction of the well grid; shutdown of injection and production wells; use of a transit wells stock; use of cyclic, non-stationary flooding in order to change the direction of filtration flows; determining the design of dual-purpose L-shaped wells (determining length of the horizontal part); limitation of flow rate in highly flooded wells with a high degree of interaction; determination of decompression zones (without injection of indicators), stagnant zones for drilling sidetracks, improving the location of production and injection wells, transferring wells from other horizons; choosing the purpose of the wells during implementation of the selective water flooding system in order to increase the efficiency of using the resource base of liquid hydrocarbons.
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Date submitted2018-10-28
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Date accepted2018-12-30
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Date published2019-04-23
Development and research of formation technologies on specialized presses with subsequent sintering of high-density details from iron-based powders
- Authors:
- A. M. Dmitriev
- N. V. Korobov
- A. Zh. Badalyan
Creating shifts of the lyaers in a deforming workpieces improves the quality of the product produced by pressure treatment. qual-channel angular pressing and precipitations of a cylindrical billet with a rotating turnaround were developed by specialists earlier and became basic for scientists engaged in nanotechnology. One of the most modern schemes for creating nanostructures by processing on presses is the «Cyclic Extrusion Compression» scheme (in Russia – «Hourglass»), which has significant drawbacks. To date, research on the creation of layer shifts in compacted metal powders is substantially less than in compaction of compact blanks. The article developed compaction schemes for presses of blanks from iron-based powders that have a certain analogy with the «Hourglass», while lacking the disadvantages inherent in the named scheme and implemented on the created samples of specialized hydraulic presses. The results of the studies of density, strength and microhardness before sintering the samples molded from a number of domestic and imported powders on iron base, including those doped with carbon and other alloying components, are described. It has been established that with the use of the formation schemes for powders providing large shifts between particles, the density of the preforms increases on average by 10-12 %. With an average stress (16.32 MPa) of the transverse section of the molded specimen prior to its sintering, molding with shifts between particles increases this stress by 78 %. The strength after sintering of samples made using the compaction schemes developed by the authors of the article increases approximately by 2 times. Magnetic pulse treatment (MPT) of a molded sample prior to its sintering increases its resistance to shearing before sintering, regardless of the molding pattern. When MPT of both the powder and the molded sample is executed, the most uniform distribution of microhardness in the sample is achieved, and after subsequent sintering, the most uniform distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the product. The results of all studies are described by regression equations.
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Date submitted2018-08-25
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Date accepted2018-10-26
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Date published2019-02-22
Metrological support of monitoring systems based on unmanned aerial vehicles
- Authors:
- E. A. Kremcheev
- A. S. Danilov
- Yu. D. Smirnov
The article discusses the fields and methods of application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Current legislation in Russia and in the world, significantly limit the use of UAV in monitoring. For the first time, we present a solution to the problem of a monitoring measurement system included in the state register of measuring instruments using the example of the basic UAV model. We conducted an analysis of promising approaches to the creation of UAV metrological and methodological support, as well as ways to adapt their target load to meet the challenges of operational monitoring of air pollution.
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Date submitted2016-09-16
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Date accepted2016-11-12
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Date published2017-02-22
Possibilities of seismic exploration for crystalline basement study
- Authors:
- A. N. Telegin
Possibilities of seismic methods of reflected and refracted waves have been examined for the purposes of detailed study on crystalline basement structure. Investigation of depth and structure of the basement plays an important role in the exploration of various deposits. Sedimentary cover is usually associated with oil and gas reserves. Ore deposits are formed in the basement rocks, basement splits and structure of its surface have a genetic relation not only to ore minerals, but also to oil resources. Reflection seismology is one of the main seismic methods of investigating structural geometry of the sedimentation mass, forecasting its material composition and possible hydrocarbon reserves. However, its possibilities for investigating crystalline basement are limited. Basing on many years’ experience of reflection seismology and physical modeling it has been identified that actual roughness of basement surface limits the obtainable amount of waves reflected from it. Possibilities of reflection seismology for basement structure study are mostly related to investigation of discontinuous faults as diffraction objects using diffracted waves. Method of refracted waves combined with modern procedures and material processing aimed at getting dynamic seismic sections holds much significance for the basement study, especially in the process of surface mapping and, to a lesser extent, in investigating discontinuous faults.
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Date submitted2015-10-24
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Date accepted2015-12-17
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Date published2016-08-22
Spatial distribution of energy release during propagation of fast electron beam in the air
- Authors:
- V. S. Sukhomlinov
- A. S. Mustafaev
The paper focuses on development of the analytical theory to assess spatial distribution of energy released during propagation of the fast electron beam in a gas, in particular in the air at electron energies of 1-100 keV. An approach adopted by authors [2, 3] to study inelastic deceleration of electrons in the air is further developed here. As the inelastic interaction in most cases leads to energy relaxation while elastic interaction causes distribution isotropization over directions, the first task solved in the paper is finding the electron distribution function including only elastic collisions. In the final part of this paper an analytical solution to this task is presented with account of both types of electron deceleration in the air. The calculations show that when elastic collisions are taken into account this leads to increased spatial density of energy release and to narrowing of the primary energy release region of the fast electrons, as compared to calculations accounting for only inelastic deceleration.
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Date submitted2010-07-13
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Date accepted2010-09-16
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Date published2011-03-21
Database development real estate rural municipalities
- Authors:
- V. G. Gorelikov
- E. Yu. Ionova
For rural settlements in Russia today is characterized by poor living conditions, their ac- complishment should be engaged in local government. However, the system of land registration at the municipality does not perform all assigned to municipal functions. We develop a system of indicators of land records, which is implemented using MS Access.
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Date submitted2009-10-29
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Date accepted2009-12-09
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Date published2010-09-22
Problems and ways of exploration of the raw material resources base of the Zapoliarny branch of the Norilsk Nickel CO
Consideration is given to the geological, mining and operating conditions of the Norilsk industrial district. The analysis is made of the present-day state of mining production of the Zapoliarny branch of the Norilsk Nickel Co. The principal trends in the safe and efficient exploration of the raw material resources base have been stated within the Norilsk industrial district .
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Date submitted2009-10-23
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Date accepted2009-12-11
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Date published2010-09-22
Aspects in geomechanics and safety in exploration of solid mineral deposits
- Authors:
- A. I. Perepelitsyn
The paper deals with the aspects of safety in mining at the ore mine «Norilsk nickel», the Yakovlevsky iron ore deposit, the Verkhnekamsk potassium-magnesium deposit of salts. It was shown that with due account of state of mining at the objects related to the utilization of the Earth's interior, the normative-legal support of mining regulation in the field of geomechanics is rather actual and it requires researches into the activities of mining enterprises as well as in the control work carried out by supervisory bodies of Mining Supervision.
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Date submitted2009-07-02
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Date accepted2009-09-06
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Date published2010-04-22
Problems in economic evaluation of natural resources
- Authors:
- M. A. Nevskaya
The article deals with the problem of legislative and methodological problems in the assessment of natural resources. The results of the review of Russia's resources and civil law are given. Analysis of contemporary approaches to the assessment of natural resources is given. It is concluded on the need to make the economic evaluation of the active element of environmental management.
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Date submitted2009-07-28
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Date accepted2009-09-21
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Date published2010-04-22
Legislation-legal and normative-technical support of the utilization of the earth's interior
- Authors:
- V. S. Zimich
- M. P. Vasilchuk
The article considers the aspects of the legislation-legal and normative-technical support of the Earth's interior utilization. It is noted that mineral resources in Russia appear to be the basic source for the economic development. It is shown that there is no due attention to the development of the normative-methodological base of the Earth's interior utilization.
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Date submitted2008-11-01
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Date accepted2009-01-14
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Date published2009-12-11
The decision of problem of rational use associated petroleum gas: administrative aspect
- Authors:
- E. A. Solovyova
- V. A. Ledovskikh
The kernel of the problem of associated petroleum gas rational use in Russia is stated in the article; the analyses of reasons that are obstacles in the way of associated petroleum gas utilization is fulfilled; the main directions of economic mechanism based on state-private cooperation in the sphere of production and use of associated petroleum gas are offered.
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Date submitted2008-11-11
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Date accepted2009-01-08
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Date published2009-12-11
Development of an economic-organizing mechanism of mineral resourсe base renewal in Russia's oil industry
- Authors:
- N. V. Pashkevich
- L. A. Nikolaychuk
In paper there has been developed an economic-organizing mechanism of mineral resource base renewal of Russia's oil industry using financial and tax instruments and licensing system of soil use. The proposed mechanism is targeted on perfecting of soil use managing system, attracting investments into geological exploration branch, stimulating innovation constituent in exploration and extraction of oil, rational use of mineral resource base in oil industry.
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Date submitted2008-10-24
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Date accepted2008-12-06
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Date published2009-12-11
Geological structure, characteristics of ores and genesis of ore occurrences in the Halvdanpiggen field (West Spitsbergen island)
- Authors:
- A. N. Sirotkin
- V. V. Khailov
- D. V. Nikitin
A new metallogenic zone was separated out in a central part of the archipelago Spitsbergen by the results of exploration work. It was shown an integral series of ore areas and fields in the limits of this zone, including the ore field Halvdanpiggen. This field integrates several non-uniformly scaled the ore occurrences, which present a great interest in regard to a material composition of the ore. They likewise produce an information for determination of genesis and outlooks of total metallogenic zone. The article contains data on geology, mineralogy and geochemistry of deposits; it is established their genesis, formation membership and time of origination.