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Date submitted2004-10-25
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Date accepted2004-11-17
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Date published2005-07-06
Traditions of western and Russian philosophical anthropology and the development of the educational system
- Authors:
- I. M. Evlampiev
The modern Western education system, based on the philosophy of postmodernism, seeks to completely eliminate conflicts between teacher and student and provide the student with complete freedom to choose life values. The Russian education system should take into account the ideas embedded in our philosophical tradition: the recognition of the inexhaustible and fruitful antinomianism of human essence and the belief that each person belongs to the divine spirituality. The education system must preserve the basic conflict between teacher and student, as well as the desire to form in the student a certain system of spiritual values.
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Date submitted2004-10-21
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Date accepted2004-11-13
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Date published2005-07-06
Francisco de Vitoria and the University of Salamanca (on one successful reform of university education)
- Authors:
- D. V. Shmonin
Francisco de Vitoria (1492-1546), a Spanish Dominican theologian and philosopher, professor in the pulpit of the University of Salamanca, was one of the successful reformers of the European educational system at the border between the Middle Ages and the early modern period. His reform in teaching included the use of Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologica instead of Peter Lombard's Libri quattuor sententiarum, systematic lectures on various questions of theological theory, political and moral sciences, and new teaching methods. These influenced the shaping of modern higher education.
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Date submitted2004-10-17
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Date accepted2004-11-30
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Date published2005-07-06
Prominent characters of Russian history of the late 18th - early 19th centuries in their involvement in the stages of development of the Mining Institute
This article presents outstanding scientists of Russia's first higher technical school – G.V. Plekhanov Leningrad Mining Institute. The authors' attention is drawn to the activities of M.F. Soimonov, A.A. Musin-Pushkin, N.A. Lvov, V.V.Kapnist, A.N.Olenin, D.I. Khvostov, G.R. Derzhavin, I.I. Chemnitzer and other people who studied or worked at the Mining Institute, patronized the first technical university of Russia or simply knew the graduates of the Mining School. In a lively form, the authors tell about outstanding figures of Russian history of the 18th - early 19th century, associated with the Mining Institute, who took part in the scientific and cultural life of Russia at that time.
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Date submitted2004-10-12
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Date accepted2004-11-26
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Date published2005-07-06
From the history of education in the new times: philosophy in the universities of the Jesuit order
- Authors:
- L. V. Tsypina
The history of New Age education opens with the reform of the medieval school by the Society of Jesus (Societatis Jesu, 1534). The instrument providing this reform was the Plan of Instruction, the Ratio Studiorum of 1599. The educational activity of the Jesuits was based on several principles, such as universality of the educational system; continuity of secondary and higher educational classes; efficiency of functioning of schools and universities; unity of education and upbringing. The article considers the content of education in Jesuit universities, analyzes the place and role of philosophy as an academic subject. Philosophy was taught in Jesuit universities for three years and included such subjects as logic, ethics, physics, mathematics and metaphysics. The educational course was based on the philosophy of Aristotle and the theology of St. Thomas Aquinas. Jesuit professors at the University of Coimbra (Emmanuel de Goes, Cosmas de Magelhaes, Balthazar Álvarez and Sebastián de Couto) compiled a systematic course of philosophy (Cursus Conimbricences) between 1592 and 1606. This course included 8 volumes of treatises in which Conimbricences summarized and gave verbatim commentary on Aristotle's major texts. Used particularly, but by no means exclusively, in Jesuit colleges, these commentaries were widely influential throughout the 17th century and had a significant impact on the development of philosophy in Modern times.
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Date submitted2004-10-04
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Date accepted2004-11-13
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Date published2005-07-06
Management of mining education in the system of higher and central institutions of the Russian Empire (19th - early 20th centuries)
- Authors:
- A. R. Sokolov
The article addresses some problems of management of mining education in pre-revolutionary Russia. The author pays much attention to departmental subordination in higher education in general and in the first technical higher education institution of Russia - St. Petersburg State Mining Institute - in particular. Different periods in the history of Russian education related to the state reforms of the 19th - early 20th centuries are considered. The situation of mining educational institutions subordinated to the Ministry of Finance is analyzed, taking into account the activities of the Ministry of Public Education. As a result, the author concludes that the problem of choosing between two systems of education - centralization of the educational process in the hands of one ministry or subordination of special educational institutions to the relevant industries - was very relevant in the Soviet period.
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Date submitted2004-10-12
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Date accepted2004-11-22
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Date published2005-07-06
The development of industry in Western Siberia in the 1920s-1930s and the improvement of the general educational level of workers (historiography of the issue)
- Authors:
- S. V. Serebrennikov
The article deals with the historiography of the issue of increasing the educational level of workers in Western Siberia in the 1920s-1930s in connection with the intensive industrial development of the Siberian region. The fundamental works on the history of Siberia and the history of the working class covering the period of 20-30s are analyzed, numerous scientific articles related to various aspects of this problem are identified, studied and systematized. The period of the most intensive study of the topic of interest to us is investigated, the most famous monographs are evaluated, and the contribution of specific scientists to the study of the educational level of workers in Western Siberia in connection with the industrialization of this region is presented.
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Date submitted2004-10-29
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Date accepted2004-11-13
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Date published2005-07-06
Development of the education system in Russia under Nicholas I: the choice of evaluation criteria
- Authors:
- F. L. Sevastyanov
The article considers different points of view on the Russian education system under Nicholas I. Attention is drawn to the fact that with regard to the policy of Nicholas I in the field of educational system there are a number of hackneyed phrases and there is no criterion for assessing the development of this system. It is argued that such a criterion can only be quantitative characteristics (growth in the number of educational institutions and the number of students) and the effectiveness of the system as a whole. The effectiveness of the system can be determined only by the degree of contribution of graduates of higher mining schools to the development of the industries in which they were specialized and of the state administration at that period. The author insists on applying this criterion to technical and legal education as well. As the first experience of such an analysis at the Department of History and Political Science of the G.V. Plekhanov Leningrad Mining Institute is mentioned.
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Date submitted2004-10-24
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Date accepted2004-11-14
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Date published2005-07-06
The project of transformation of the educational part of the mining department in the context of government policy in the field of education in the second half of the 1820s
- Authors:
- T. V. Plyukhina
The article deals with the system organization of higher mining education in Russia in the 20s of the XIX century. The educational system of higher mining educational institutions that trained specialists for the mining industry is analyzed. Changes in this system and their reasons are shown. The project of development of higher mining education developed by the head of the Department of Mining and Salt Production E.V. Karneev is analyzed in detail. The reasons why it was not realized are revealed.
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Date submitted2004-10-10
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Date accepted2004-11-29
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Date published2005-07-06
Peter the Great and the formation of mining in Russia
- Authors:
- S. O. Nikitashina
Many historians consider Peter the Great to be an outstanding reformer and organizer of Russia. His reforms greatly contributed to the development of mining and the progress of manufacturing industry. Peter's policy in the field of mining and metallurgical industry was aimed at freeing the state from economic dependence on foreigners, strengthening the military power of the Russian state and meeting the needs of the domestic market. Ore mining, production of iron, copper and other metals increased significantly in Russia. Russia took one of the first places in the world in mining and processing of iron stones and smelting of pig iron. Under Peter the Great, training in mining began, and new mining schools were opened in Olonets Province and the Urals.
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Date submitted2004-10-09
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Date accepted2004-11-23
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Date published2005-07-06
Student-suicide: a historical and cultural phenomenon in Russia in the early twentieth century
- Authors:
- A. B. Lyarskii
The article investigates such a historical phenomenon as the growth of suicides among young people and especially among students in the early XX century. The author believes that although it is possible to speak about the growth of suicides among Russian students in 1906-1914, this growth was hardly of avrational and catastrophic nature. At the same time, the discussion of these suicides in the press made it possible to criticize the system that existed at that time. The created image of a suicidal student acquired a pronounced ideological character, which, on the one hand, made it possible to discuss the meaning of suicide and, on the other hand, drew attention to the fate of the intelligentsia in Russia.
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Date submitted2004-10-12
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Date accepted2004-11-09
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Date published2005-07-06
On the periodization and dynamics of capitalist modernization in Russia (1860-1890s)
- Authors:
- V. N. Kuznetsov
The article presents the periodization of the development of the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Then the main factors, subjects, peculiarities and contradictions of economic and socio-cultural development of the North-West region of Russia are considered.
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Date submitted2004-10-16
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Date accepted2004-11-17
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Date published2005-07-06
Traditions of teaching mining engineering disciplines at the St. Petersburg Mining Institute
- Authors:
- O. V. Kovalev
- S. P. Mozer
- I. Yu. Tkhorikov
The problems of development of mining education in the St. Petersburg Mining Institute are considered. The main stages of their development are considered: before the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945), during the war and in the post-war period. A brief characterization of these stages is given. Brief biographies of key figures who contributed to the successful formation of mining education at the St. Petersburg Mining Institute are given. The traditions of teaching mining engineering disciplines are revealed. Teaching traditions are based on both analytical and experimental and experimental-analytical teachers, whose knowledge is based primarily on their own industrial and scientific experience.
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Date submitted2004-10-13
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Date accepted2004-11-06
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Date published2005-07-06
Mining Institute in the formation and development of higher geological education in Russia - USSR
- Authors:
- A. Kh. Kagarmanov
The main features of training specialists and raising the professional level of teachers at the Mining School - Mining Institute for the first 150 years since its foundation are considered / the role of teachers and graduates of the Institute in the organization of higher geological education in the leading mining and geological institutes of our country is emphasized The peculiarities of the system of training of engineering and geological personnel, established in the USSR in the 50-70s, which provided the mineral reserve of our country and guaranteed the basis of its economic independence, are highlighted.
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Date submitted2004-10-06
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Date accepted2004-11-24
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Date published2005-07-06
Actor of the Imperial Alexandrinsky Theater V.V.Samoilov - a graduate of the St. Petersburg Mining Corps
- Authors:
- E. A. Zilotina
V.V. Samoilov (1812-1887) was a remarkable actor of the Alexandrinsky Drama Theater, a brilliant representative of the Samoilov acting dynasty. He was one of the founders of the realistic style in the Russian theater, a great professional of stage reincarnations (contemporaries called him "Proteus of the Russian scene"), his acting technique was absolutely perfect. Samoilov had an analytical mind and for actors of the time was a highly educated man, as he graduated from the Mining and Forestry Institute. In addition, Samoilov was a richly gifted man with a variety of gifts - the actor was a talented singer and musician, drew beautifully. His cozy house (it is located on Stremyannaya Street) was one of the centers of cultural life in St. Petersburg in the second half of the XIX century (the memorial apartment was opened in 1994). V. Samoilov is one of the most famous graduates of the Mining Institute.
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Date submitted2004-10-03
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Date accepted2004-11-10
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Date published2005-07-06
Corps of directors of the mining institute
- Authors:
- V. G. Afanasev
This article presents a brief analysis of the leadership of the Mining Institute, covering the entire history of its existence. Attention is drawn to the average term of leadership of the Institute by all 45 directors, to their role in the life of the state with an indication of the most significant positions, to their great contribution to world and national science. Special emphasis is placed on the fact that 26 of the 45 directors of the Institute were its graduates, each of whom in one way or another strived for its improvement.
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Date submitted2004-10-20
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Date accepted2004-11-11
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Date published2005-07-06
Medieval universities and the formation of the language of power
- Authors:
- O. E. Dushin
Medieval culture determined the development of many institutions of the modern West. In particular, the genesis of the authority of power is attributed to this era. This, in turn, was due to the activity of universities. It was graduates of law faculties who formed the basis of the bureaucracy and formed the relevant state documentation. Written law became the basis of social relations and the authority of power in the structure of medieval society. University education gained the status of a code of access to the system of power. Educated people, who obtained the necessary licenses and degrees, supported and asserted the significance of the authority of power. Thus, medieval scholarship developed a particular rhetoric of power, conditioned by Aristotle's political theory. The state and the power of the king were viewed through the prism of the idea of the "common good" and the natural necessity for human existence. All this determined the formation of the language of power in the High Middle Ages.
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Date submitted2004-10-15
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Date accepted2004-11-12
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Date published2005-07-06
The role of scientific societies in the development of mathematics and mining sciences
- Authors:
- A. P. Gospodarikov
- S. A. Tolstunov
This paper deals with the formation of various scientific societies, their influence and role for the development of fundamental and natural science disciplines. Some aspects of the development of such a fundamental science as mathematics, starting from the moment of its origin and up to the present time, are considered in sufficient detail.
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Date submitted2004-10-18
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Date accepted2004-11-07
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Date published2005-07-06
The influence of mechanics on the development of mining engineering up to the beginning of the twentieth century
- Authors:
- A. P. Gospodarikov
- S. A. Tolstunov
The article deals with the development of mechanics as a science in its historical development up to the beginning of XX century. The peculiarity of the historical development of mechanics is due to the development of technology. At the initial stage till the end of XVIII - beginning of XIX centuries technique was ahead of mechanics development, and then with the development of differential and integral calculus mechanics begins to be ahead of technique and provides its further development. The article reexamines the phases of development of technique and mechanics, while noting the trends in the development of individual sections of mechanics. Due to the emerging needs of mining, both simple and compound machines (pumps, winders, blowers, etc.) arise and are improved. With their appearance arises the need for their maintenance and repair. Special attention is paid to the contribution of Russian scientists and inventors to the progress of engineering and mechanics.
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Date submitted2004-10-05
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Date accepted2004-11-17
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Date published2005-07-06
Mining Institute: contribution to the socio-cultural development of Russia
- Authors:
- L. K. Gorshkov
Saint Petersburg Mining Institute for the entire period of its existence (more than 230 years) has gained fame as a center for the development of culture and social relations in Russia. The article below is devoted to the contribution of the Mining Institute to the social and cultural life of the country, the role of students of the Institute, one of the largest scientific and educational institutions of global importance, in the development of Russian philosophical science, literature, and Russian civil society
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Date submitted2004-10-11
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Date accepted2004-11-16
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Date published2005-07-06
St. Macarius Church of the Mining Institute in the space of education, science and culture
- Authors:
- A. I. Voronov
A modern sociologist can see that the number of believers in Russia is now three times the number of inhabitants. Since one and the same person simultaneously believes in different things. People are ready to accept any delusion, without realizing what consequences it entails. This is the main temptation of occultism. It also has to do with the refusal to think (and choose). Today's man is doomed to go through the whole history of religion, starting with magic, occultism and shama-nism. It is not only the average person who faces this choice, but also the scholar. It is difficult to say what can move a person to a thought feat - common sense or normal human physiology, but one day, having realized what poison feeds him, after Osip Mandelstam's "hero of our time" will say "I drink the cold mountain air of Christianity".
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Date submitted2004-10-27
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Date accepted2004-11-30
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Date published2005-07-06
Cultural traditions of the Mining Institute: history and modernity
- Authors:
- I. V. Voloshinova
- L. T. Pozina
- T. V. Plyukhina
The key aspect in the process of Russia's revival is culture, which absorbs the nation's centuries-old experience, its values, which ultimately predetermine the country's development. Domestic culture is characterized by a huge heritage and an abundance of traditions, the latter representing the people's interest in soft values. The founders of these values, people with high creative potential, are prepared to a greater extent by higher school. In Russia, education has always played an outstanding role, being an important factor in the formation of moral values, as well as influencing the development of mentality and intellect. It has always been hereditarily important for the Russian higher school to aim its students not only at professional training, but also at giving them a wide scope in as many fields of thought as possible. This contributed to the development of students' balanced judgment and freedom of thought.
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Date submitted2004-10-02
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Date accepted2004-11-25
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Date published2005-07-06
"In memory of labor and ministering"
- Authors:
- N. V. Borovkova
Recent studies of the archival documents of the bas-relief portrait kept in the Mining Museum have shown that for 130 years it was part of the decorations of the Conference Hall, and that it entered the museum's collection in 1805. It also turned out that the author of the portrait was P.A. Soimonov, a senator, one of the prominent figures of Russian history of the late 18th century, the fifth director of the Mining Institute, who made a great contribution to the development of the Mining Institute and its museum.
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Date submitted2004-10-04
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Date accepted2004-11-01
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Date published2005-07-06
Archbishop Leonid (Krasnopevkov) - a graduate of the Mining Institute
- Authors:
- O. N. Bondareva
The article tells about the pupil of the Mining Cadet Corps, a figure of the Russian Orthodox Church, an outstanding writer and teacher, Archbishop Leonid (Krasnopevkov) of Yaroslavl and Rostov (1817-1876). Due to the education of high morality received in the corps, as well as his bright personality, he chose for himself the path of monastic service. But he preserved and developed in his life that creative beginning, the foundation of which was laid by the Mining Corps and which he used in his creative service for the good of mankind.
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Date submitted2004-10-15
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Date accepted2004-11-24
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Date published2005-07-06
Mining engineers - prominent Russian mathematicians of the late 19th - early 20th centuries
- Authors:
- L. V. Barbochenko
- E. L. Bart
- M. Yu. Sysoeva
The pedagogical and scientific activity of three famous graduates of the Mining Institute: G.A.Timet, I.P.Dolbnya, N.M.Krilev, who achieved great results in mathematics and its applications and headed the mathematical department of the Institute in the late XIX - early XX century, is briefly summarized below.
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Date submitted2004-10-24
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Date accepted2004-11-29
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Date published2005-07-06
I.P.Dolbnya - Mining Engineer, Head of the Department of Higher Mathematics, Director of the Mining Institute (150th anniversary of his birth)
- Authors:
- L. V. Barbochenko
- E. L. Bart
- M. Yu. Sysoeva
The paper is devoted to the 150th anniversary of the birth of the famous scientist and talented teacher of the Mining Institute I.P. Dolbnya. On the basis of archives, scientific mathematical literature and memoirs, a brief biography of the scientist is given, memories of his contemporaries are presented, and the main aspects of his scientific research are highlighted.