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Date submitted2022-01-24
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Date accepted2022-04-26
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Date published2023-04-25
Forecast of radionuclide migration in groundwater of the zone affected by construction drainage at the Leningrad NPP-2
The distribution of natural (at the level of global background) and technogenic radionuclides in groundwater of the industrial zone in Sosnovy Bor town, where several nuclear power facilities are operating, was analyzed. The main technogenic radionuclides recorded in groundwater samples are cesium ( 137 Cs), strontium ( 90 Sr), and tritium isotopes. The first two aquifers from the surface are subject to contamination: the Quaternary and the upper zone of the Lomonosov aquifer. Based on extensive material on the engineering and geological studies of the work area, a 3D geological model and hydrodynamic and geomigration models of the industrial zone were constructed. By means of modeling, the extent and nature of changes in hydrogeological conditions of area resulting from the construction and operational drainage of the new stage of the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant (LNPP-2) were determined. The “historical” halo of radioactive contamination of groundwater forming (1970-1990) at the site adjacent to the NPP, where the storage facility of low- and medium-level radioactive waste is located, falls into the zone of influence. Interpretation of monitoring data allowed obtaining the migration parameters for predictive estimates. Modeling has shown that during the time of the LNPP-2 operation there was no intake of contaminated water by the drainage system of the new power plant.
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Date submitted2020-06-02
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Date accepted2020-12-15
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Date published2020-12-29
Method for calculating dynamic loads and energy consumption of a sucker rod installation with an automatic balancing system
The efficiency of sucker rod pump installations, which have become widespread in mechanized lift practice, is largely determined by the balance of the drive. During the operation of sucker rod installations, the balance of loads acting on the rod string and the drive can change significantly due to changes in the dynamic fluid level, which leads to a decrease in balance and an increase in loads on the pumping equipment units. The increase and decrease in the dynamic level in accordance with the pumping and accumulation cycle occurs in wells operating in the periodic pumping mode. It is shown that during the operation of equipment in a periodic mode, fluctuations in the dynamic level and, accordingly, in the loads acting on the nodes occur. This leads to the need for dynamic adjustment of the balancing weights to ensure the balance of the pumping unit. A system for automatic balancing of the rod drive has been developed, including a balancing counterweight, an electric motor that moves the load along the balance beam, a propeller and a computing unit. To study the effectiveness of the proposed device, a complex mathematical model of the joint operation of the reservoir - well - sucker rod pump - rod string – pumping unit has been developed. It is shown that due to the dynamic adjustment of the balance counterweight position, the automatic balancing system makes it possible to significantly reduce the amplitude value of the torque on the crank shaft (in comparison with the traditional rod installation) and provide a more uniform load of the electric motor. Equalization of torque and motor load reduces the power consumption of the unit.
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Date submitted2019-05-12
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Date accepted2019-07-22
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Date published2019-10-23
A Modern View of Anomalies in the Metal Groups of the Periodic System of D.I.Mendeleev
The article is devoted to the 150 th anniversary of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements by D.I.Mendeleev. The fundamental law of nature, discovered by D.I.Mendeleev has anomalies and paradoxes associated with certain groups of metals. When studying the physical and chemical properties of complex metal compounds, many discrepancies can be found, namely, the location of elements in groups, which primarily relate to metals with different valences. By studying the approaches and methods for predicting the arrangement of chemical elements, it can be established that D.I.Mendeleev eliminated many differences for some metals during the formation of the Periodic system of chemical elements. D.I.Mendeleev developed a principle that excludes such errors when finding and discovering new elements. Analytical studies conducted by a Russian scientist helped to calculate the atomic masses and describe the properties of three elements not known at that time – «eka-boron», «eka-silicon», «eka-aluminum», the existence of which was proved and confirmed by subsequent discoveries of scandium, germanium, boron, and gallium. The paper provides a significant assessment of the forecasting of metals in various groups of the periodic system. Changes in the properties of some metals significantly influenced their location in the table of D.I.Mendeleev.
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Date submitted2019-03-13
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Date accepted2019-05-18
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Date published2019-08-23
Improving the Operation of Pump-ejector Systems at Varying Flow Rates of Associated Petroleum Gas
- Authors:
- A. N. Drozdov
- Ya. A. Gorbyleva
Application of pump-ejector systems for the utilization of associated petroleum gas reduces the negative environmental impact of its flaring, and also allows the implementation of a promising method of water-gas stimulation of the formation, which effectively increases oil recovery. Equally feasible is the use of pump-ejector systems in the operation of oil wells with a high gas factor, low bottomhole pressures to increase production rates and increase the turnaround period. A significant change in the flow rate of associated petroleum gas over time is a serious problem for the efficient operation of pump-ejector systems for the utilization of associated petroleum gas. To ensure the rational operation of the pump-ejector system under the condition of a variable flow rate of associated petroleum gas, experimental studies of a liquid-gas ejector characteristics were carried out. The article presents the results of the research, obtained pressure-energy characteristics of the investigated jet apparatus at various values of the working stream pressure before the ejector nozzle. The possibility of adapting the operation of pump-ejector systems to changes in the flow rate of the pumped gas, regulated by the working pressure and fluid flow rate through the nozzle is revealed. To successfully change the operation of the pump-ejector system, the possibility of frequency regulation of the pump shaft's rotation at changing gas flow rates in a small range of values is considered. With a large difference in the values of the possible flow rate of associated petroleum gas, it is recommended that frequency regulation should be supplemented by periodic short-term operation. The possibility of increasing the efficiency of the pump-ejector system when using salt solutions with a concentration that contributes to the suppression of bubble coalescence is noted.
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Date submitted2018-07-05
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Date accepted2018-08-31
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Date published2018-12-21
The lake Il’men clint, Russia: a potential devonian geopark
- Authors:
- John E.A. Marshall
- David J. Siveter
The Devonian rocks exposed on the shores of Lake Il’men, some 150 km SSE of Saint Petersburg, are important historically in the context of the recognition of the Devonian System. Moreover, they provide unique potential for a range of geological studies today. The non-geological heritage of the area – its flora, fauna, past and current industrial use and cultural links – is also a very worthy one. Since 2001 the area has been recognised asa Specially Protected Natural Territory. A ‘Geopark’ is a unified area of local or wider extent that has been so designated based on its significant geological and associated natural and cultural heritage. There are many positive criteria for considering that the Lake Il’men area could acquire the appellation of a Geopark. Scientific investigations dedicated to understanding the geodynamical conditions operating at Lake Il’men would resolve how to best to help promote the future preservation of this unique natural area.
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Date submitted2013-07-03
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Date accepted2013-09-16
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Date published2014-03-17
Tracing the forecast structural elements while interpretation of remote sensing data within Fresnillo city (Central Mexica)
- Authors:
- I. B. Movchan
- V. Yu. Asyanina
The remote sensing data are experimental foundation for leading geological prediction, if the access to geophysical field is absent. The methodology of authorship for automatize lineament decoding with different generalization levels is used for analysis. The result represent a combination of linear and circular structures, which are arranged into a quasiperiodical plan. Discordant proportion areas of overlapping structural component of this plan have a prognostic significance.
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Date submitted2009-09-24
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Date accepted2009-11-08
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Date published2010-06-25
Influence of extra-linguistic factors on the old english mining terminology formation in ancient times
- Authors:
- P. V. Borisova
The article represents historical limits of periods of the English mining terminology formation. On the basis of extra-linguistic data there has been made an attempt to find the terms which became the foundation for the English mining terminology as a scientific sublanguage.
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Date submitted2009-07-22
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Date accepted2009-09-14
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Date published2010-04-22
Cycles of the Earth and Sun – the important factor оf activity of geodynamic processes at coal- and ore mines
- Authors:
- A. N. Shabarov
- B. G. Tarasov
The paper contains the substantiation of the determinable role of the cosmos in rhythms of natural and technogenic phenomena at coal- and ore mines. The latent and explicit periods of up-to-date phase of attenuation of the solar constant in the cycle since 1982 to 2070 are shown, as well as the geodynamic consequences of this depression. This paper seeks to give rise to discussion of this problem for working out of coordinated actions in the decrease of geodynamic risks.
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Date submitted2008-10-25
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Date accepted2008-12-02
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Date published2009-12-11
Composition of retrospective geological systems and significance of structural-tectonic factor in paleogeographic reconstructions
- Authors:
- V. P. Matveev
Models of geological objects are represented as the static, dynamic and retrospective systems. Paleogeographic reconstruction relates to a typical retrospective system. Its objective composition becomes possible on the basis of the lower rank systems: static and dynamic. Comparison between paleogeographic reconstructions in time shows the significance of tectonical factor in the forming of paleolandscape of the territory. Information on paleobiocoenosis is necessary for estimation of paleoclimate. The Author’s field investigation materials of the geological mapping on a scale of 1:200 000 at the Novaya Zemlya archipelago are taken as the basis of paleogeographic and paleofacies reconstructions.