Стадия разложения гидрата метана при снижении давления с применением био-ПАВ и последующей закачке углекислого газа
- 1 — канд. техн. наук доцент Томский политехнический университет ▪ Orcid
- 2 — аспирант Томский политехнический университет ▪ Orcid ▪ Elibrary ▪ Scopus ▪ ResearcherID
- 3 — канд. техн. наук старший научный сотрудник Институт теплофизики им. С.С.Кутателадзе СО РАН ▪ Orcid ▪ Elibrary ▪ Scopus
- 4 — младший научный сотрудник Институт теплофизики им. С.С.Кутателадзе СО РАН ▪ Orcid ▪ Scopus
- 5 — д-р физ.-мат. наук профессор Томский политехнический университет ▪ Orcid ▪ Elibrary ▪ Scopus
Аннотация
Разведанные запасы природного газа в гидратных месторождениях существенно превышают запасы углеводородных топлив, добываемых традиционными способами. Недостаточное внедрение технологий на основе гидратов природного газа связано с их дороговизной. Для развития данных технологий необходимо понижение себестоимости добычи, хранения и транспортировки гидратов. Применение технологии фазового перехода, заключающейся в разгерметизации гидрата СН4 с применением био-ПАВ, и последующего образования гидрата СО2 позволяет снизить себестоимость добычи и решить экологические проблемы за счет захоронения углекислого газа. Присутствие в природных пластах био-ПАВ приводит к усилению роста гидрата и повышению скорости замещения СН4-СО2. Методика образования высокопористого льда при наличии био-ПАВ позволяет достичь повышенных значений скоростей синтеза и сократить временные затраты. Важнейшим преимуществом разработанной методики является отсутствие риска образования двойного гидрата, что ранее являлось серьезной проблемой, снижающей эффективность замещения. Предложенная методика последовательного фазового перехода позволяет уменьшить полное время синтеза гидрата CO2 на два-три порядка по сравнению с прямым замещением СН4-СО2. Методика наиболее перспективна в условиях регионов вечной мерзлоты. Данный подход предоставляет дополнительные возможности использования газогидратных месторождений с улучшенными экологическими показателями за счет сокращения выбросов метана и захоронения углекислого газа.
Исследование выполнено в рамках научного проекта, поддержанного Министерством науки и образования Российской Федерации (соглашение 075-15-2020-806/7).
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