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минеральные источники

Editorial
  • Date submitted
    2024-10-29
  • Date accepted
    2024-10-29
  • Date published
    2024-11-12

Study of thermodynamic processes of the Earth from the position of the genesis of hydrocarbons at great depths

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In the context of significant depletion of traditional proven oil reserves in the Russian Federation and the inevitability of searching for new directions of study and expansion of the raw material base of hydrocarbon raw materials in hard-to-reach regions and on the Arctic shelf, a scientific search is underway for accumulations in complex geological conditions and in manifestations that differ significantly from traditional ones, which include the processes of oil and gas formation and preservation of oil and gas in low-permeability “shale” strata and in heterogeneous reservoirs at great and super-great depths. Within the oil and gas provinces of the world, drilling of a number of deep and super-deep wells has revealed deposits at great depths, established connections between hydrocarbon deposits and “traces” of hydrocarbon migration left in the core of deep wells, which has made it possible to significantly re-evaluate theoretical ideas on the issue of oil and gas formation conditions and the search for technologies aimed at solving applied problems. Modern geochemical, chromatographic, bituminological, coal petrographic and pyrolytic methods of studying oil and bitumoids extracted from the host rocks of deep well cores give a hope for identifying correlations in the oil-source system, revealing processes that determine the possibility of hydrocarbon formation and accumulation, and defining predictive criteria for oil and gas potential at great depths.

How to cite: Prishchepa O.M., Aleksandrova T.N. Study of thermodynamic processes of the Earth from the position of the genesis of hydrocarbons at great depths // Journal of Mining Institute. 2024. Vol. 269 . p. 685-686.
Economic Geology
  • Date submitted
    2022-11-08
  • Date accepted
    2022-11-21
  • Date published
    2023-02-27

Assessment of the role of the state in the management of mineral resources

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Mineral resources as natural capital can be transformed into human, social and physical capital that guarantees the sustainable development of a country, exclusively through professional public management. Public management of a country's mineral resource potential is seen as an element of transnational governance which provides for the use of laws, rules and regulations within the jurisdictional and sectoral capabilities of the state, minimising its involvement as a producer of minerals. The features of the ideology of economic liberalism, which polarises the societies of mineral-producing countries and denies the role of the state as a market participant, have been studied. The analysis of the influence of the radical new order of neoliberal world ideology on the development of the extractive sector and state regulation has been presented.

How to cite: Litvinenko V.S., Petrov E.I., Vasilevskaya D.V., Yakovenko A.V., Naumov I.A., Ratnikov M.A. Assessment of the role of the state in the management of mineral resources // Journal of Mining Institute. 2023. Vol. 259 . p. 95-111. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.100
Metallurgy and concentration
  • Date submitted
    2022-04-13
  • Date accepted
    2022-05-25
  • Date published
    2022-11-03

Mineralogical and technological features and patterns of selective disintegration of ferruginous quartzites of the Mikhailovskoye deposit

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The growing demand for ferrous metallurgy products necessitates the introduction of technologies that increase the efficiency of the processing of iron-bearing raw materials. A promising trend in this area is the implementation of solutions based on the possibility of selective disintegration of ores. The purpose of this work was to establish the laws of selective disintegration of ferruginous quartzites based on the results of the study of mineralogical and technological properties of raw materials. We present data on the study of mineralogical and technological features of ferruginous quartzites of the Mikhailovskoye deposit. The data were obtained using X-ray fluorescence analysis and automated mineralogical analysis. Based on studies of the nature of dissemination and the size of grains of rock-forming and ore minerals, the tasks of ore preparation are formulated. The parameters for the iron and silicon oxide distribution by grain-size classes in the grinding products were established during the study. Based on empirical dependences, the grain size of grinding was predicted, at which the most effective release of intergrowths of ore minerals and their minimum transition to the size class of –44 µm should be achieved.

How to cite: Aleksandrova T.N., Chanturiya A.V., Kuznetsov V.V. Mineralogical and technological features and patterns of selective disintegration of ferruginous quartzites of the Mikhailovskoye deposit // Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 256 . p. 517-526. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.58
Geology
  • Date submitted
    2022-03-14
  • Date accepted
    2022-05-13
  • Date published
    2022-07-26

Unique titanium Deposits of Timan: genesis and age issues

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The article critically analysesthe hypotheses about the formation, age, and sources of material of large Timan titanium deposits, which were previously considered ancient buried placers formed along the weathering crusts of the Riphean shales. We discuss an alternative hydrothermal-metamorphic hypothesis about the formation of these deposits and the source of ore material. It is established that the incoming zircon of different ages (570-3200 Ma), as well as two other geochronometers, rutile and monazite, underwent a thermal effect common for all varieties as a result of a hydrothermal process about 600 Ma ago. According to modern concepts, the closing temperature of the U-Pb system in rutile exceeds 500 °С, which suggests high-temperature conditions for the hydrothermal processing of rutile during the formation of the considered deposits in the Riphean.

How to cite: Makeyev A.B., Bryanchaninova N.I., Krasotkina A.O. Unique titanium Deposits of Timan: genesis and age issues // Journal of Mining Institute. 2022. Vol. 255 . p. 275-289. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2022.32
Electromechanics and mechanical engineering
  • Date submitted
    2021-03-11
  • Date accepted
    2021-05-21
  • Date published
    2021-09-20

The influence of solar energy on the development of the mining industry in the Republic of Cuba

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Cuba is traditionally considered a country with an underdeveloped industry. The share of the mining and metallurgical industries in the gross industrial production of the republic is small – about 3 % of GDP. The development of deposits and the extraction of nickel ores is an important sector of the economy of the Republic of Cuba, since the largest reserves of nickel and cobalt on the North American continent are located on the territory of the country. The development of the country energy system can serve as a growth factor in this sector of the economy. Due to climatic features and impossibility of integrating new capacities into the energy system through the construction of hydroelectric power plants, solar energy is a promising direction. Determining the feasibility of using solar tracking systems to increase the generation of electricity from solar power plants is one of the main challenges faced by engineers and renewable energy specialists. Currently, there are no solar tracking systems in Cuba that can provide information to assess the effectiveness of this technology in the country. The lack of the necessary technologies, as well as the high cost of developing solar power plants with tracking systems, limit the widespread introduction of such complexes. Hence follows the task of creating an inexpensive experimental model that allows assessing the effectiveness of tracking systems in specific weather conditions of the Republic of Cuba. This model will allow in future to increase the efficiency of electrical complexes with solar power plants, which provide power supply to the objects of the mineral resource complex and other regions.

How to cite: Shklyarskiy Y.E., Guerra D.D., Iakovleva E.V., Rassõlkin A. The influence of solar energy on the development of the mining industry in the Republic of Cuba // Journal of Mining Institute. 2021. Vol. 249 . p. 427-440. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2021.3.12
Oil and gas
  • Date submitted
    2020-05-13
  • Date accepted
    2020-06-24
  • Date published
    2020-10-08

Barriers to implementation of hydrogen initiatives in the context of global energy sustainable development

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Modern trends in the global energy market linked to the Sustainable Development Goals often lead to the adoption of political decisions with little basis in fact. Stepping up the development of renewable energy sources is an economically questionable but necessary step in terms of its social and ecological effects. However, subsequent development of hydrogen infrastructure is, at the very least, a dangerous initiative. In connection with mentioned above, an attempt to examine hydrogen by conducting an integral assessment of its characteristics has been made in this article. As a result of the research conducted, the following conclusions concerning the potential of the widespread implementation of hydrogen in the power generation sector have been made: as a chemical element, it harms steel structures, which significantly impedes the selection of suitable materials; its physical and volume characteristics decrease the general efficiency of the energy system compared to similar hydrocarbon solutions; the hydrogen economy does not have the necessary foundation in terms of both physical infrastructure and market regulation mechanisms; the emergence of widely available hydrogen poses a danger for society due to its high combustibility. Following the results of the study, it was concluded that the existing pilot hydrogen projects are positive yet not scalable solutions for the power generation sector due to the lack of available technologies to construct large-scale and geographically distributed infrastructure and adequate international system of industry regulation. Thus, under current conditions, the risks of implementing such projects considerably exceed their potential ecological benefits.

How to cite: Litvinenko V.S., Tsvetkov P.S., Dvoynikov M.V., Buslaev G.V. Barriers to implementation of hydrogen initiatives in the context of global energy sustainable development // Journal of Mining Institute. 2020. Vol. 244 . p. 428-438. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2020.4.5
Geoeconomics and Management
  • Date submitted
    2018-07-19
  • Date accepted
    2018-09-21
  • Date published
    2018-12-21

Administrative methods of import substitution management of deficient types of mineral raw materials

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Import dependence of Russian consumers on certain types of mineral products: aluminum, manganese and chrome raw materials, titanium, zircon and tin concentrates, ferroniobium, fluorspar and others – increases the stability of many industries. The state regulation of import substitution is very effective, but only in the form of indirect (coordination, maintenance, promotion, supervision and control), and not direct methods. The following are used as tools for the administrative management of import substitution: the establishment of legal norms for the implementation of import substitution actions; coordination of actions of authorities and industry on import substitution; state control of railway transportation rates; limited government control over the pricing of import-dependent mineral products and services associated with them; financing of import substitution projects. In order to reduce import dependence, the following is proposed: to lower the charges for railway transportation of import-dependent mineral products sent for the needs of Russian consumers, primarily for oncoming import-export goods (boric acid, borax, tungsten ores); to manage the pricing of export-oriented mineral products through a system of import and export customs duties, which prevent the excessive export of scarce mineral raw materials in demand within the Customs Union and stimulate its sales in the domestic market.

How to cite: Khatkov V.Y., Boyarko G.Y. Administrative methods of import substitution management of deficient types of mineral raw materials // Journal of Mining Institute. 2018. Vol. 234 . p. 683-692. DOI: 10.31897/PMI.2018.6.683
Mining
  • Date submitted
    2017-08-26
  • Date accepted
    2017-11-10
  • Date published
    2018-02-22

On enhancement of cooperation between universities for implementation of the program «Sustainable development–2030»

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The article is focused on one of the pressing issues of our time – the international training of qualified personnel in higher education institutions with the aim of developing a stable economic system of the state, the main elements of which are interrelated stages of economic activity (exploration, prospecting, extraction, processing, and use of mineral resources). The question of the contribution and role of universities of different countries cooperating in the sphere of sustainable development of this sector is considered. The necessity of practical solution of this task for the implementation of UNESCO's program «Sustainable Development – 2030» is determined. In this relation, the concept of «sustainable development», its philosophical, scientific-theoretical and cultural aspects are considered, the special significance of the connection between the sustainable development of society and its individual fragments with modern education is emphasized. It is stated that education, in the context of sustainable development, should be anticipating, advancing and open. Given the current trends in higher education, it is possible to mention the work carried out by the Mining Institute of the Mongolian State University of Science and Technology in the direction of international cooperation.

How to cite: Ochirbat P., Chinzorig B. On enhancement of cooperation between universities for implementation of the program «Sustainable development–2030» // Journal of Mining Institute. 2018. Vol. 229 . p. 27-30. DOI: 10.25515/PMI.2018.1.27
Geology
  • Date submitted
    2016-11-18
  • Date accepted
    2016-12-28
  • Date published
    2017-04-14

Frequency electromagnetic sounding with industrial power lines on Karelia-Kola geotraverse

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The paper describes theory, method and first experimental results of research on the interaction between electromagnetic waves of extremely low and ultra low frequency (0.1-200 Hz), the Earth crust and ionosphere in the field of two mutually orthogonal industrial power lines, 109 and 120 km long, in the course of FENICS experiment (Fennoscandian Electrical conductivity from Natural and Induction Control Source soundings). The main focus was on the observation results along the line of Karelia-Kola geotraverse over a distance of 700 km from the source. High horizontal homogeneity of geoelectrical lithosphere section has been detected in the eastern part of the Baltic shield at depth range from 10-15 to 50-70 km. Parameters of «regular» lithosphere section have been specified to the depth of 60-70 km. As a result of inverse problem solution for the western part of Karelia and Central Finland, a zone of decreased transverse resistivity has been detected at the depth of 50-60 km, corresponding to the area, detected by seismic methods, where Moho boundary reaches the same depth.

How to cite: Shevtsov A.N., Zhamaletdinov A.A., Kolobov V.V., Barannik M.B. Frequency electromagnetic sounding with industrial power lines on Karelia-Kola geotraverse // Journal of Mining Institute. 2017. Vol. 224 . p. 178-188. DOI: 10.18454/PMI.2017.2.178
Electromechanics and mechanical engineering
  • Date submitted
    2014-07-20
  • Date accepted
    2014-09-18
  • Date published
    2014-12-22

Use оf renewable energy sources in the coal industry

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There are three fundamental basic documents in energy conservation and energy efficiency today: the Energy Strategy in the period up to 2030; the Federal Law «On energy-saving and energy efficiency and in amending particular legislative acts of the Russian Federation»; and the State Energy Conservation and Energy Efficiency Program in the period up to 2020. In recent years, the upward trend in the use of renewable energy sources (RES) is becoming all the more evident. Until recently, the development of energy has seen a clear pattern: the areas of energy which have developed most are those which have a quite fast direct economic effect. The social and environmental impacts associated with these areas were considered only as incidental, and their role in decision-making was negligible. With this approach, we considered RES only as a future energy source, when traditional energy sources have been exhausted, or when obtaining them becomes extremely expensive and timeconsuming. The primary driver behind the intensive development of RES has been public pressure based on environmental concerns, rather than economic calculations about the future. The economic potential of the world’s renewable energy is currently estimated at 20 billion tons of oil equivalent per year, which is twice the annual output of all fossil fuels. This fact shows us the path of energy development in the near future. In this paper, on the basis of the laws of the Russian Federation, renewable energy in the coal industry is considered. We describe the experience and prospects of the use of mine water and burning rock dumps.

How to cite: Limanskii A.V., Vasileva M.A. Use оf renewable energy sources in the coal industry // Journal of Mining Institute. 2014. Vol. 210 . p. 86-92.
Economics and management
  • Date submitted
    2009-08-10
  • Date accepted
    2009-10-14
  • Date published
    2010-02-01

Prospects of development of open society «Apatite»

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Prospects of development of Open Society «Apatit» – the basic supplier of raw materials for manufacture of mineral fertilizers in Russia are considered. The rational actions connected with increase of a production efficiency on Open Society «Apatit» are offered.

How to cite: Noskov V.A., Gurev A.A. Prospects of development of open society «Apatite» // Journal of Mining Institute. 2010. Vol. 186 . p. 227-229.
Mineral raw materials complex: problems in control under new economical conditions
  • Date submitted
    2008-11-19
  • Date accepted
    2009-01-23
  • Date published
    2009-12-11

The legal and economic conditions of attraction investments to the exploration in Russia

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The problems of rational use of the huge mineral-resource potential of Russia are considered. The causes of insufficient exploration volumes in Russia are analyzed. It is proposed measures of the legal regulations in order to create junior geological companies in Russia and increase private investments to the exploration of deposits.

How to cite: Fedchenko A.A., Beliakov V.G. The legal and economic conditions of attraction investments to the exploration in Russia // Journal of Mining Institute. 2009. Vol. 184 . p. 99-107.
Economics of nature utilization: energetics and steady development of society
  • Date submitted
    2008-11-14
  • Date accepted
    2009-01-17
  • Date published
    2009-12-11

The methodological principles of an economic estimation оf secondary mineral resources from an item of a system approach

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In the article are offered and justified the methodological principles of an economic estimation of secondary mineral resources from an item of a system approach in market conditions. The necessity of application of a system approach as theoretical basis for mining methodological principles of an economic estimation of secondary mineral resources is exhibited. The functional segments of statistical and dynamic methods are revealed at an economic estimation of secondary mineral resources.

How to cite: Berezovskiy P.V. The methodological principles of an economic estimation оf secondary mineral resources from an item of a system approach // Journal of Mining Institute. 2009. Vol. 184 . p. 213-217.
Hydrogeology, engineering geology
  • Date submitted
    2008-10-19
  • Date accepted
    2008-12-21
  • Date published
    2009-12-11

Modern problems in regional monitoring оf underground waters

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The new situation with the carrying out of monitoring of underground waters on regional level was mainly caused by two reasons: 1) new regulations on the preservation of the environment were approved; the present water Regulations are being renewed; 2) studying of regime-forming factors of underground waters (geological, cosmic, climatic, biological, hydrological and technogenic) testify to the urgent necessity of introducing certain amendments into the system and maintainance of monitoring of underground waters.

How to cite: Kiryukhin V.A., Norova L.P. Modern problems in regional monitoring оf underground waters // Journal of Mining Institute. 2009. Vol. 183 . p. 196-204.
Geology
  • Date submitted
    1952-07-08
  • Date accepted
    1952-09-05
  • Date published
    1953-01-01

Mineral springs of South-Eastern Transbaikalia

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In Soviet times, numerous geological, exploration, hydrogeological and other parties working in South-Eastern Transbaikalia described many mineral springs. Some of them are of great interest both in their original composition and in the conditions of the release and formation of mineral waters. This brief review is intended to familiarize the reader with this new data on the mineral waters of South-Eastern Transbaikalia. Klinsky mineral spring (Klinovsky mineral spring). Mineral water comes out at the base of the slope of the right ravine of the Klin River valley 1 km north of the settlement of Klin. This slope of the ravine faces the southeast. Jurassic and Quaternary sedimentary deposits, as well as igneous rocks, participate in the geological structure of the spring's vicinity. The section of the Upper and Middle, and partly the Lower Jurassic, is presented schematically (from top to bottom).

How to cite: Tolstikhin N.I., Marinov N.A. Mineral springs of South-Eastern Transbaikalia // Journal of Mining Institute. 1953. Vol. 28 . p. 37-58.
Mining
  • Date submitted
    1951-08-11
  • Date accepted
    1951-10-22
  • Date published
    1952-11-20

Hydrochemical zoning of mineral waters of the Transcarpathian region (Diagram)

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No systematic work on the study of mineral waters of Transcarpathian Ukraine was carried out before its reunification with the Ukrainian SSR. Individual sources from the point of view of their therapeutic use are briefly characterized in the Bulletin of the Czechoslovak Balneological Society. An attempt to summarize the knowledge of mineral waters of the Transcarpathian region is the work of F. Wiesner, which, however, mainly provides information on the geographical order of 200-odd mineral springs and completely lacks data on the chemical composition of these waters. The information at our disposal at present on the chemical composition of mineral springs of Transcarpathian Ukraine allows us to outline some preliminary patterns in the distribution of various types of mineral waters by area. The Transcarpathian region, which is a young mountainous country, is characterized by the wide development of mineral waters. The number of mineral springs, according to preliminary data, reaches three hundred.

How to cite: Tolstikhin N.I., Saidakovskii S.Z. Hydrochemical zoning of mineral waters of the Transcarpathian region (Diagram) // Journal of Mining Institute. 1952. Vol. 27 № 2. p. 231-234.