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Date submitted2018-03-22
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Date accepted2018-05-23
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Date published2018-08-26
RARE METALS IN MINERALS OF STANNIFEROUS METASOMATITES FROM THE VERKHNEURMIYSKY ORE CLUSTER (FAR EAST, RUSSIA)
- Authors:
- V. I. Alekseev
This article is dedicated to the rare metal mineralization of stanniferous metasomatites of the Verkhneurmiysky ore cluster in the Far East of Russia. The mineral composition of metasomatites, formed during the five stages of the zwitter-tourmalineite stanniferous complex formation was studied. These stages were characterized as biotite-sericite, muscovite-quartz, siderophyllite-topaz, quartz-tourmaline, and chlorite-sericite. Rare metal-bearing minerals were selected and the concentrations of rare metals were estimated. The ore and geochemical types of the studied metasomatites were determined. There was shown the presence of many rare metal-bearing minerals in the composition of stanniferous metasomatites in this region. The set of the rare metals (Nb, Ta, W, Y, REE (from La to Lu), Be, Li, Zr, Hf, In, Sc, Se, and Cd) is of strategic importance for the development of the Russia mineral resources base. Minerals concentrating rare metals were divided into two types: minerals, containing rare metals due to its stoichiometry and minerals (if vein and ore origin) with isomorphic impurities of rare metals. There was traced the sequence of rare metal-bearing minerals formation and the evolution of their composition. Minerals of rare metals were formed throughout the history of the zwitter-tourmalineite formation, starting from the pre-ore stage of biotite feldspatholites to the post-ore of chloritites stage, including the zwitter ore stage. It was also shown a stepwise decrease in the intensity rare metal-bearing minerals formation and the evolution of the mineralization composition from lithophilic rare metals to chalcophylic ones: (LREE, Zr, Hf) → (W, Nb, Ta, Y, HREE, Sc) → (Sn, In, Cd, Se). Magmatic, metasomatic and crystal chemical factors affecting the rare metal-bearing minerals formation in the Verkhneurmiysky ore cluster have been revealed. The ore cluster's prospects are related to the presence of lithium- fluoric granites of the Pravourmiyskiy complex, controlling the tungsten-stanniferous zwitter and tourmalinite with associated rare metal mineralization.
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Date submitted2018-03-27
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Date accepted2018-05-25
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Date published2018-08-26
MUSEUMS OF SAINT-PETERSBURG MINING UNIVERSITY (RUSSIA) AND FREIBERG MINING ACADEMY (GERMANY) AS THE BASIS OF SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL TOURISM CLUSTER
University museums are a group of educational museums of various specializations that are created to support the educational process, serve as a scientific research base for the academic teaching staff and students, and contribute to the knowledge development, transfer, and popularization. The foundation of the scientific and educational tourism cluster on the basis of the two world oldest mining museums and universities will make it possible to create a modern multifunctional structure with a high degree of interdisciplinarity. New forms of cluster interaction will include elements of various industries and fields of knowledge and guarantee not only economic benefits, but also fulfil an important role in the social relations development. The present stage of cluster development is focused on the creation of multifunctional structures characterized by the high interdisciplinary specialization. Special attention should be paid to a combination of the above-listed spheres, for example, the creation of a scientific and educational tourism cluster based on university museums.
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Date submitted2018-03-02
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Date accepted2018-05-03
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Date published2018-08-26
PROBLEM OF THE INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART OF LOWER DEVONIAN AND STRATIGRAPHIC BOUNDARIES OF LOWER DEVONIAN STAGES IN SOUTHERN TIAN SHAN
- Authors:
- E. D. Mikhailova
- A. I. Kim
The boundaries of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart (ICC) are associated with the natural historical stages of the Earth's development, and their boundaries are usually determined by the palaeogeographical or palaeobiological event that is recognized in most regions of the world. Studies on the standardization of the Lower Devonian ICC stages duration have lasted more than 70 years. The first stages were Gedinnian, Siegenian and Emsian, but their duration was not accurately determined. The article shows the history of the establishment of the currently used Lochkovian, Pragian and Emsian stages. The key study method of the Lower Devonian stages deposits is biostratigraphic one, based on the use of archistratigraphic pelagic fossils, i.e. revealing of the zonal sequence over the conodonts, dacrioconarids and goniatites fossils and comparing them with the standard sequence adopted by the International Geological Congress (IGC). The article contains an analysis of the discussed problems related to the determination of the position of the global boundary stratotype section and point (GSSP) of the Lower Devonian stages. The use of the magnetostratigraphic method in comparison of the sections of the Emsian stage in Barrandian and Zarafshan range is also discussed. The Lower Devonian regional strata of the Zarafshan-Gissar and Turkestan-Altay mountain regions of the Southern Tian Shan are characterized. It is shown that the zonal sequences on conodonts and dacrioconarids presented in these regions almost completely coincide with the standard Lower Devonian sequences in the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. The characteristics of zones and volume of Bursykhirmanian, Sangitovarian, Khukarian, Kunjak, and Kitab horizons are given.
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Date submitted2018-03-12
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Date accepted2018-05-05
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Date published2018-08-26
THE FIRST DATA ON THE U-PB AGE (TIMS AND LA-ICP-MS) OF RUTILE FROM THE ICHETJU POLYMINERAL OCCURRENCE, THE MIDDLE TIMAN
A study on the U-Pb age of rutile from the Ichetju polymineral occurrence has been done for the first time by LA-ICP-MS and TIMS methods. It was established that rutile originates from various sources with different ages (presumably, ca. 1000, 1660, 1860 and 1980 Ma), but all the rutile types have undergone a common thermal event at ca . 580 Ma. Obtained results are consistent with U-Pb zircon data for the Ichetju occurrence and the Pizhemskoe deposit. According to modern concepts, the closure temperature for the U-Pb system in rutile is higher than 500 ° С, which suggests fairly high-temperature conditions of the rutile hydrothermal transformation during the formation of the deposits in Riphean. Obviously, a placer hypothesis of formation of titanium deposits of the Middle Timan which is supported by a number of researchers does not explain such temperature of rutile alteration.
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Date submitted2018-03-21
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Date accepted2018-05-07
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Date published2018-08-26
PECULIARITIES OF MANUFACTURING AND APPLICATION OF MIXED EXPLOSIVES OF ANFO TYPE AT MINING ENTERPRISES OF MONGOLIA
- Authors:
- V. A. Belin
- G. P. Paramonov
- Zh. Zhimyan
The article describes problems of blasting operations carried out at an industrial scale using ammonia-nitrate explosives. Based on experimental studies conducted by the authors, it was determined that for use in mining enterprises in Mongolia, primarily in coal mines, the most rational and effective explosives are mixed ones based on ammonium nitrate in the solid state with various liquid as well as solid dispersed fuels additives - ANFO mixtures. The temperature boundaries for the phase transitions of ammonium nitrate in open areas for the period of three months for different humidity values have been determined. The indicators of oil absorption are identified depending on the cycle of phase transitions for ammonium nitrate.
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Date submitted2018-03-12
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Date accepted2018-04-30
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Date published2018-08-26
DIRECT METHODS FOR SOLVING THE VARIATION PROBLEM FOR MULTICRITERIA ESTIMATION OF THE BEARING CAPACITY OF GEOMATERIALS
- Authors:
- I. A. Brigadnov
The article deals with direct methods for solving the variational problem in stresses for multicriteria estimation of the bearing capacity of a geomaterial sample in the current configuration, which can be both reference (undeformed) and actual (deformed). The problem is to minimize the integral quadratic functional from the various stress components in the selected control subdomain on a set of stress fields statically balanced with external influences. For the simplest configurations of the sample, it is proposed to use the method of generalized Fourier series in Hilbert spaces. For complex configurations of a sample with stress concentrators, it is suggested to use finite element approximation with the subsequent minimization of a finite-dimensional quadratic function with linear constraints of equalities. A substantial numerical example is given for estimating the bearing capacity of a sample from a geomaterial under pure compression.
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Date submitted2018-03-03
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Date accepted2018-05-02
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Date published2018-08-26
TOPOGRAPHIC-GEODETIC AND CARTOGRAPHIC SUPPORT OF THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
A version of the project of the concept of topographic, geodetic and cartographic support of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation based on the use of modern means and tools is presented, including its content. The results of the development in the Arctic, carried out with the participation of the authors in 1961-1967 and 1975-1992, are presented in detail. The strategic importance and great attention of the state structures to the development of the Arctic zone is underlined. The key moments of the development of topographic, geodetic and cartographic support for this region are given. The role of leading research institutes in this process is shown. The proposed concept includes six stages. When creating a planimetric geodetic base, the authors recommend an alternative innovative algorithm for determining the height H without first calculating the latitude B and use only satellite measurements. The extremely important question of converting geodetic coordinates B, L into rectangular plane coordinates x, y is considered. For the territory of the Russian Federation new developments are proposed, they use data from satellite determinations, a new approach to the determination of normal heights and the conversion of rectangular space coordinates into rectangular plane coordinates necessary for mapping. The required regulations of reference documentation for the topographic survey of the shelf are shown. The importance of implementing the concept in connection with the definition of the outer boundary of the continental shelf of the Arctic Ocean is shown.
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Date submitted2018-03-04
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Date accepted2018-05-20
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Date published2018-08-26
FLOW BIOREACTOR FOR STUDYING BACTERIAL-CHEMICAL LEACHING OF SULFIDE COPPER-NICKEL ORES AND CONCENTRATES
- Authors:
- A. A. Balykov
- O. O. Levenets
- T. S. Khainasova
Bacterial and chemical leaching of metals has established itself as an alternative technology for hydrometallurgical processing and enrichment of ore due to a reduction in capital costs and adverse environmental impact. Various bioleaching processes are successfully used for the processing of sulfide concentrates, poor sulfide and oxidized ores. One of the most important tasks for further development of this branch of biotechnology is the improvement of bioreactor installations (in particular – flow type) and installation of systems of additional control of technological parameters. The article briefly highlights the main results obtained at the GSRC of FEB of RAS within the framework of bioleaching studies of sulfide cobalt-copper-nickel ore. A description of a bioreactor for the study of bioleaching in a batch mode and a cascade type reactor for studying bioleaching in a continuous mode is given. A model of an improved bioreactor for bacterial-chemical leaching of sulfide ore is presented. A detailed description of the microcontroller control method for technological parameters is given. The field of application of the presented results is laboratory, integrated and semi-industrial tests of the technology of tank and reactor bacterial-chemical leaching of sulfide ores.
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Date submitted2018-03-10
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Date accepted2018-05-04
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Date published2018-08-26
SELECTION OF THERMO-MECHANIC MODE OF PELLET MOLDING FROM TiO2 POWDER FOR MAGNETRON APPLICATION OF COMPOSITE COATINGS ON PARTS
- Authors:
- A. M. Dmitriev
- N. V. Korobova
It is advisable to make film coatings based on titanium dioxide for the details of instrumentation industry to reduce their resistance from compositions with other oxides. It is desirable to prepare the compounds during coating stage by magnetron method. Comparison of the designs of magnetron installations substantiates the rationality of using an installation with a single magnetron, equipped with a pellet from a composition of powders based on titanium. The coating technology using a single magnetron equipped with a composite pellet is described using an example of the application of wear-resistant self-lubricating coatings from a Ti + WS 2 composition. To equip the magnetron with a TiO 2 powder pellet, the task was to ensure the greatest uniformity of the density distribution in the pellet volume, and to achieve the greatest value of this density. As a result of the study of the technology of hot molding of TiO 2 powder described in the article, the efficiency of combining the heating of a powder with its compaction in one operation is shown. During this operation, the dependence of the density of the produced pellet on the molding temperature, pressure, holding time under pressure and grain size was experimentally investigated. The chosen thermomechanical mode of TiO 2 pellet molding is substantiated. By using the following mode (in the studied range) of molding it is possible to produce the pellet with the highest density: temperature 1300 ° С , pressure 40 MPa, holding time under pressure 20 min, and grain size 2.2 μ m.
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Date submitted2018-03-26
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Date accepted2018-05-25
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Date published2018-08-26
THERMAL PROCESSES RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT IN MACHINE-BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
- Authors:
- V. F. Bez"yazychnyi
- M. Scherek
The technique for determining the temperature in the surface layer of the workpiece with a blade tool is considered, taking into account the volume heat source in the cutting zone, on the basis of which it is proposed to calculate the processing errors caused by the thermal action on the cutting tool and the workpiece being machined. When determining the thermal impact on the cutting edge of the tool, heat flows acting on the front and back surfaces are taken into account. When determining the thermal effect on the workpiece, the heat fluxes acting on deformation of the material when removing the chips and the back surface of the cutting tool are taken into account. The temperature in the cutting zone is determined by the summation of the temperature in the surface layer resulting from the plastic deformations of the material in the cutting zone, the friction of the chips against the front surface of the cutting tool and the friction of the back surface of the cutting tool against the treated surface. The peculiarity of the proposed method is that the physical and mechanical properties of the processed and tool materials (thermal diffusivity, ultimate thermal conductivity, specific volume heat capacity), processing regimes (cutting speed, feed and cutting depth), dimensions of the workpiece and cutting tool, geometry of the cutting tool (front and rear corners, radius at the top of the cutter in the plan, radius of rounding of the cutting tool, main and auxiliary corners in the plan). The calculations take into account the change in the intensity of volumetric heat fluxes in the cutting zone along their height.
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Date submitted2018-02-26
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Date accepted2018-05-12
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Date published2018-08-26
ELECTRIC STRENGTH OF ARRESTER FOR LIGHTING SHIELDING OF 6-35 KV TRANSMMCSION LINE WITH LIGHTNING OVERVOLTAGE
- Authors:
- R. A. Belskii
- V. Ya. Frolov
- G. V. Podporkin
The most common device for protection against overvoltages is a valve-type arrester. Due to obsolescence it is proposed to replace valve-type arresters with nonlinear overvoltage limiters or multi-chamber arresters. Modern recommendations for the selection of means for protection against overvoltage take into account not all factors when placing protection devices. For example, when replacing valve arrester with non-linear overvoltage arresters (arrester), accidents often occur. Often, due to the replacement of protective devices, there are violations of the operating conditions of new devices, since in the design of the arresters, they are placed in place of the vale-type arresters. Nonlinear surge arresters have a number of reliability problems, for example, due to frequent single-phase ground faults, thermal instability problems occur. Therefore, as an alternative to arresters in urban distribution networks, it is proposed to use multi-chamber arresters – devices that are a series of discharge chambers in silicone rubber. The purpose of this work is to calculate the electric field strength and conductivity at the exit from the discharge chamber of the multichambe arrestor, study the effect of multichamber dischargers on distribution networks, build up the dependence on the voltage and conductivity of the plasma exhaust gases, depending on the distance to the multichambe arrester.
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Date submitted2018-03-25
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Date accepted2018-05-22
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Date published2018-08-26
ELECTRIC DRIVE SETTING TORQUE CALCULATION METHOD IN ELECTRIC DRIVE SHUT-OFF VALVE SYSTEM WITH RECTILINEA DISPLACEMENT OF THE VALVE CLOSURE
- Authors:
- S. A. Vasin
- E. V. Plakhotnikova
A new method for calculating the setting torque magnitude of the electric drive in the electric drive shut-off system as the main elements ensuring the safety of oil pipelines and main gas pipelines is presented. The method allows to calculate a sufficient value of the torque of the drive adjustment with a minimum volume of input information about the system elements characteristics (electric drive, shut-off valve, control system) and to ensure that the actual torque is met when the system is completely stopped by the calculated torque specified by static methods. Clarification of the tuning parameters is carried out by means of experimental determination of environmental leaks with a step-by-step decrease in the torque within the regulation of the electric drive. The use of the technique at the design stage allows, during the operation of the systems, to reduce undesirable loads arising in the shut-off valves from the side of the electric drive, ensuring reliable operation of pipeline systems transporting mineral raw materials.
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Date submitted2018-03-04
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Date accepted2018-05-24
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Date published2018-08-26
OPTIMAL SYNTHESIS OF DRIVE SWING CONNECTIONS OF MOBILE CRANES HYDRAULIC MANIPULATING SYSTEMS
- Authors:
- A. V. Lagerev
- I. A. Lagerev
The design, operation features and the optimal design method for the drive swing connections are considered. These are proposed as an alternative design variant of the articulation of adjacent links of hydraulic manipulation systems of mobile boom cranes are considered. The design of the device allows to combine two functions: to ensure a continuous, uninterrupted kinematic connection between adjacent links of the manipulation system by creating a cylindrical hinge for performing the reciprocating relative motion of adjacent links and to form an integrated rotary hydraulic gate type hydraulic motor. A mathematical model is developed, the problem of the optimal synthesis of the drive joint on the basis of minimization of the device mass is formulated and solved, while observing the nonlinear system of design, installation, power, strength and kinematic constraints. Analysis of the results of the performed optimization calculations showed that the mass of the optimal version of the device increases with the growth of the overcome moment from the moved cargo and decreases with the increase in the number of chambers. The operating pressure of the hydraulic system does not have a practical effect on the optimum mass, which allows the pump unit of lower power to be used to provide the movement of the links of the manipulation system. Optimum values of the main design dimensions of the drive articulation are determined both by the value of the operational load and by the installation conditions of the device taking into account the dimensions of the cross sections of adjacent links of the manipulation system. When designing manipulation systems, the swing joints allow to abandon remote power hydromotors, eliminate operational failures due to wear and fatigue failure of hinge elements, and also increase the energy efficiency of loader cranes by transferring the hydraulic system to lower operating pressure levels while maintaining the required load-altitude characteristics.
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Date submitted2018-03-24
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Date accepted2018-05-19
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Date published2018-08-26
EFFICIENCY OF MANAGEMENT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE EXAMPLE OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES OF ST. PETERSBURG
- Authors:
- I. A. Alekseeva
- M. G. Gildingersh
The emerging innovative infrastructure of higher education institutions, the regulatory and methodological framework, effective contracts, new approaches to the training and management of scientific and pedagogical personnel testify to the innovative nature of management in higher education. It is the quality of the human capital of universities that is of decisive importance for the realization of all innovations in the system of higher education. Therefore, the subject of research is a qualitative characteristic of management, which is the effectiveness of human capital management at the university. The goal is to justify the model of effective management of the human capital of the university in accordance with its general direction of development. The methodology of the study includes the justification of several provisions and the argumentation of conclusions based on the use of general scientific and special methods of analysis – dialectical, situational, and using the coevolutionary (system-process) approach. The conducted analysis of the personnel policy of the Saint-Petersburg Mining University and the Saint-Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation demonstrated the results of effective human capital management, which is confirmed by the statistics. However, the existing problems of an objective evaluation of management effectiveness made it necessary to supplement indicative methods with index methods. The resulting model included index methods for assessing the effectiveness of human capital management. This model is applicable to the assessment of capital investments in the staff of the university, which in turn allows you to assess the effectiveness of human capital management. Thus, the system process for assessing the effectiveness of human capital management in higher education institutions based on the presented model will allow finding problem zones and bottlenecks in the management of their human capital in a timely manner, which will ensure timely management response to problems in the field of human capital.
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Date submitted2018-03-22
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Date accepted2018-05-17
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Date published2018-08-26
PROBLEMS OF INTERACTION WITH STAKEHOLDERS DURING IMPLEMENTATION OF LONG-TERM MINING PROJECTS
Since mining projects have a long-term character, the activity of mining companies is closely linked with the development of regions of their presence. The main external stakeholders in long-term mining projects are the local population, public authorities of various levels and local governments. In Russia, mining projects are being implemented both in the industrialized territories and in the new mining regions, therefore the interests and the degree of influence of the stakeholders are different. In European countries, acting mining companies operate in areas with a high level of urbanization, having a significant impact on the quality of life of the population and the development of regions. In addition, one of the key industry stakeholders in the implementation of mining projects is the European Union. The article describes the characteristic features and conditions for interaction between the initiators of long-term mining projects with different categories of stakeholders. The models of identification, classification and management of stakeholders have been analyzed, approaches to the analysis of the nature of stakeholder interaction in the implementation of projects in the mineral sector have been substantiated. To determine the degree of influence, interest of the authorities and identification of definitive groups of stakeholders in long-term mining projects, matrices for classification of stakeholders in the construction projects of «Elegestsky GOK» and «Tominsky GOK» have been created. It is proved that effective interaction with stakeholders determines the opportunities for timely implementation of mining projects and increase of the company value.
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Date submitted2018-03-10
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Date accepted2018-05-23
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Date published2018-08-26
INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL RAW MATERIALS OF THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
- Authors:
- A. E. Cherepovitsyn
- S. A. Lipina
- O. O. Evseeva
The comprehensive development of the mineral and raw materials potential of the Arctic regions of Russia is a complex strategic task requiring the use of modern methods for planning spatial development of territories. One of such methods is the organization of cluster formations as an effective tool for implementing innovation policy. Consolidating the efforts of many participants, diversified territorial clusters become the main points of growth, the multiplier effect within which has a positive impact both on the economy of the region and the country in general. The high level of risk and the significant costs of Arctic raw material projects make it impossible to implement them simply by accumulating production and financial resources, which makes it necessary to model flexible territorial production systems on the principles of integration. The article analyzes the prerequisites for the formation of cluster formations based on the resource potential of the support zones of the Russian Arctic, and the main expected effects from the creation of innovative raw Arctic clusters are revealed. During the study, the expediency of using integration mechanisms in the development of hydrocarbon reserves in technically difficult conditions of the Far North was justified. The strategic analysis of the three Arctic oil and gas projects currently implemented on the principles of clustering – Novy Port, Messoyakha, Yamal LNG, made it possible to conclude that there are sufficient external effects of projects such as creating conditions for the innovative development of related industries, the formation of a high-tech infrastructure framework in the region, the accumulation of experience in the implementation of Arctic projects, the diversification of hydrocarbon exports.