Peculiarities of manufacturing and application of mixed explosives of ANFO type at mining enterprises of Mongolia
- 1 — Ph.D., Dr.Sci. professor Mining Institute NUST MISIS
- 2 — Ph.D., Dr.Sci. professor Saint-Petersburg Mining University
- 3 — General director MonMag LLC
Abstract
The article describes problems of blasting operations carried out at an industrial scale using ammonia-nitrate explosives. Based on experimental studies conducted by the authors, it was determined that for use in mining enterprises in Mongolia, primarily in coal mines, the most rational and effective explosives are mixed ones based on ammonium nitrate in the solid state with various liquid as well as solid dispersed fuels additives - ANFO mixtures. The temperature boundaries for the phase transitions of ammonium nitrate in open areas for the period of three months for different humidity values have been determined. The indicators of oil absorption are identified depending on the cycle of phase transitions for ammonium nitrate.
References
- Chernyshev A.K., Levin B.V., Tutolukov A.V. et al. Ammonium nitrate. Properties, production, application. Мoscow: INFOKhIM, 2009, p. 544 (in Russian).
- Dodukh V.G., Starshinov A.V., Chernilovskii A.M., Zham'yan Zh., Fadeev V.Yu. Influence of the type and properties of ammonium nitrate on the explosive characteristics of free-flowing mixed explosives. Problemy vzryvnogo dela. Мoscow: Izd-vo MGGU, 2002, p. 132-139 (in Russian).
- Starshinov A.V., Litovka O.B., Arinina S.V., Kozak G.D. Investigation of physico-chemical and explosive characteristics of systems based on granular ammonium nitrate. Voprosy nadezhnosti i bezopasnosti tekhnologicheskikh protsessov. Мoscow: RKhTU im. D.I.Mendeleeva, 2006, p. 128 (in Russian).
- Minovich M.A. Production of ammonium nitrate. Мoscow: Khimiya, 1968, p.212 (in Russian).
- Trubetskoi K.N., Miletenko I.V., Starshinov A.V. et al. The role of N.V. Melnikov in the creation of the explosives of the simplest composition (igdanites are 50 years: successes, problems and prospects of application). Razvitie idei N.V.Mel'nikova v oblasti kompleksnogo osvoeniya nedr. Мoscow: IPKON RAN, 2009, p. 25-33 (in Russian).
- Starshinov A.V., Ovyan A.I., Fadeev V.Yu. Some basic principles and technical features of the use of ammonium nitrate in mixed explosives. Vzryvnoe delo. N 91/48. 1998, p. 147-153 (in Russian).
- Starshinov A.V., Jamyan J., Bogdanov M.N., Fadeev V.Yu. Improvement of the properties of ANFO mixtures using technological methods and special additives. Мoscow: Izd-vo MGGU, 1999, p. 89-95 (in Russian).
- Litovka O.B., Chugreeva E.Yu., Starshinov A.V., Kozak G.D. Physico-chemical characteristics of the simplest compositions based on porous granular ammonium nitrate. Uspekhi v khimii i khimicheskoi tekhnologii. 2007. Vol. 21. N 5, p. 35-40 (in Russian).
- Galkin V.V., Maslov I.Yu., Bulantsev Yu.A. et al. Experience of use of the porous granulated ammonium nitrate at the enterprises conducting explosive works. Explosive business. 91/48. 1998, p. 226-230.
- Clark George B. Basic Properties of Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil Explosives (ANFO). USA, Colorado School of Mines. Quarterly. 1981. Vol. 76. N 1, p. 30-35.
- Sumin A.I., Kondrikov B.N., Gamezo V.N., Raikova V.M. Shock and detonation general kinetics and thermodynamics in reactive systems computer package. Proceeding 11th Int. Detonation Symposium. USA. Bookcoomp, Ampersand. 2000, p. 30-35.