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Date submitted2023-08-02
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Date accepted2023-12-27
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Date published2024-04-25
Justification of the approaches to improve management strategy of the mining system based on the analysis of data on the mining of complex structural rock blocks
Long-term activity of mining enterprises causes the necessity to substantiate the strategies of management of the mining and technical system functioning in terms of improvement of ore quality control, which is determined by its change in the course of field development due to the priority development of the main reserves and, as a consequence, forced transition to the mining of complex structural rock blocks with a decrease in the recovery percentage, which is typical in case the ore component meets the requirements of the feasibility study in terms of grade at substandard capacity. In this case, it is possible to identify the recovery percentage and the potential for its increase by analyzing the long-term activity of the mining and industrial enterprise, namely, by analyzing the data of mining complex structural rock blocks with the subsequent establishment of the relationship between the primary data on mining and geological conditions and information on the quality of the mineral obtained from the technological equipment. Therefore, the purpose of the research was to substantiate the necessity of improving the management strategy of the mining-technical system functioning, which consists in the fact that on the basis of analyzing the mining data of complex structural rock blocks it is possible to determine the ore mass losses and their quantity and to lay the basis for the development of decisions on its extraction. For this purpose, the collected data on the mining of complex structural rock blocks, accounting the geological and industrial type of extracted ores, were considered in modeling the conditions and studying the parameters of technological processes, the implementation of which provides additional products. It was revealed that the ore mass from substandard thickness layers is delivered to the dumps, and ore mass losses have been estimated at 25-40 % per year. It is proved that determination of ore mass losses based on the analysis of data on mining of complex structural rock blocks, as well as timely solution of this issue can significantly increase the production efficiency of mining and technical system. Taking into account for the results obtained, the options for optimizing the production of the mining and engineering system were proposed.
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Date submitted2020-10-05
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Date accepted2021-03-30
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Date published2021-06-24
Improving the efficiency of relay protection at a mining and processing plant
The paper presents the results of constructing effective relay protection in the power supply system of a mining and processing plant (MPP). A brief description of the MPP is given, the power supply and substitution circuits used to calculate the short-circuit currents are given. A statistical analysis of failures in the electric network of the MPP has been carried out, which makes it possible to draw conclusions about the nature of failures ranges. Analysis of the registered faults shows that a significant part of them are line-to-earth faults, which in most cases turn into multiphase short circuits, which are interrupted by overcurrent protection. In order to improve the efficiency and reliability of the relay protection, the power supply scheme of the MPP was refined and analyzed. The calculation of the short-circuit currents was made, which made it possible to calculate the settings of the relay protection and give recommendations on the place of its installation and adjustment in order to ensure the normal operation of electricity consumers. To reduce the number of failures to the cable insert on the line leaving the administrative and household complex (AHC), and to increase the reliability of power supply to consumers, it is advisable to divide the capacities of the existing 10 kV line into two parallel ones by laying a second line. It is recommended to install a current cut-off on the line outgoing to the AHC, the feasibility of the installation of which was shown by calculations. This will reduce the chance of failures to the cable gland. Data on the setting currents of overcurrent protection and current cut-off are given on the selectivity card.
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Date submitted2021-01-25
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Date accepted2021-02-22
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Date published2021-04-26
Conducting industrial explosions near gas pipelines
The problem to ensure the safety of objects which are in the area of blasting operations, ensuring the destruction of hard rocks, remains relevant. The article presents the results of a large-scale experiment to determine the safe conditions for conducting drilling and blasting operations near the active gas pipeline. The simplest and most reliable way to ensure the safety of the protected object from seismic impact is to reduce the intensity of the seismic wave, which is achieved by changing the parameters of drilling and blasting operations. This requires research to determine the impact of blasting operations on the parameters of seismic waves and the development of methods for measuring these parameters. The paper presents a detailed analysis of the seismic blast wave impact on the displacement of the ground and the model gas pipeline. The features of seismic monitoring during blasting operations near the active gas pipeline are shown. The seismic coefficients and attenuation coefficient of seismic waves are determined. It is proved that the readings of the seismic receivers on the surface and in the depth of the massive differ by two or more times.
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Date submitted2020-05-24
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Date accepted2020-07-23
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Date published2020-11-24
Estimation of ore contour movements after the blast using the BMM system
Measurement of ore movements by blast is one of the key components of the quality control system at any mining enterprise, which allows to obtain the accuracy necessary for determining the location of ore contours. About 15 years ago, a monitoring system was developed in Australia that allows mine personnel to make three-dimensional measurements of ore blocks movement at each blast. Studies have shown that ore blocks movement is extremely variable, and it characterized by a complete absence of a deterministic component. The consequence is that modeling ore contour movements during the blast will be inaccurate, and the best results for the mining enterprise can only be achieved by directly measuring the movement. The technology of measuring ore contours movements considered in the article is based on three-dimensional movement vectors obtained in different parts of the blasted block, characterized by different movements. It is obvious that the accuracy of determining the ore contours position after the blast is proportional to the number of measurements made on the block. Currently, the movement control technology based on the BMM system is actively used by global mining companies, its use reduces losses and dilution of ore. In 2017, the pilot implementation of the BMM system was started at the Olympiadinsky GOK, and the system is being implemented in several Russian mining companies.
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Date submitted2018-05-14
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Date accepted2018-07-01
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Date published2018-10-24
Method for forecast of surface deformation during excavation operations in restraint urban conditions using the slurry trench technique
- Authors:
- P. A. Demenkov
- L. A. Goldobina
- O. V. Trushko
The article suggests the method for forecast of surface deformation during excavation operations in restraint urban conditions using the slurry trench technique based on FEM simulation. The results of numerical simulation of the construction of a semi-underground structure with slurry trench technique are given. The regularities of the change in the stress-strain state are determined depending on the trench parameters and the physical-mechanical properties of the soils. The work presents the troughs of surface subsidence during the construction of an excavation using the slurry trench technique, the diagrams of bending moments, transverse and longitudinal forces arising in the trench. Numerical experiments in Plaxis 2D and 3D were performed to estimate the discrepancy between modeling results in a plane and volumetric formulation of the problem.
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Date submitted2016-09-08
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Date accepted2016-11-18
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Date published2017-02-22
Plume tectonics – myth or reality?
- Authors:
- Yu. I. Daragan-Sushchov
The paper is dedicated to the role of mantle plumes in the formation of large igneous provinces. From different regions of the world facts are mentioned that contradict key points of plume tectonics. Closer attention is paid to classical volcanic provinces on Hawaiian islands and in Iceland, as well as to Siberian and Deccan Traps, oceanic plateau Ontong Java, Central Atlantic magmatic province, Alfa and Mendeleev Ridges in the Arctic Ocean. A conclusion is drawn that plumes are a special case of mantle-lithospheric flows, which according to deep geophysics are often located horizontally which leaves out their plume origin. Heated masses of mantle substance under young volcanic regions or rift zones of mid-ocean ridges do not emerge from the depth in the form of a straight column, but rather have arbitrary shapes, skewing to the sides and having outgrowths, offshoots, spherical bulges. Vertically rising flows of hot magma (plumes) are not a cause, but an effect of a lithospheric split and rise of magmatic substance due to decompression. A conclusion is made that it is unproductive to exaggerate the shapes and sizes of plumes and use them to explain all the diversity of endogenous processes.
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Date submitted2015-12-29
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Date accepted2016-02-21
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Date published2016-12-23
Poorly studied phenomena in geoelectrics
- Authors:
- V. S. Mogilatov
Undoubtedly, modern geoelectric technologies emerge in the result of the development of traditional approaches and techniques. However of more interest is the appearance of completely new technologies based on new effects and new models of interaction of geological medium and electromagnetic field. The author does not commit to indicate principally new directions, but only wants to discuss some poorly known facts from the theory and practice of geoelectrics. The outcome of this study could be considered attracting the attention of experts to non-traditional signals in geoelectrics. The reviewed phenomena of interest, not fully implemented in practice in the author’s opinion, are field split into two polarizations: transverse electric (the ТЕ-field) and transverse magnetic (the ТМ-field), then some poorly known properties of ТМ-field, the role of bias currents, the anisotropy of horizontal resistances, the role of geomagnetic field in geoelectric sounding, the unique resolution of CSEM (Controlled Source Electro-Magnetic) techniques at sea.
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Date submitted2009-10-04
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Date accepted2009-12-19
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Date published2010-09-22
Modeling of the volumetric stress-strain condition of the rock massive in the near mine which are crossing zone of weakening
- Authors:
- A. G. Protosenya
- D. N. Petrov
- M. G. Popov
According to geological data which was received at the Yakovlevsky deposit, the volumetric model was developed. This model taking into consideration the driving of the mine through zone of weakening. During the analysis of the stress-strain condition near the mine the character of distribution and numerical results of tangential and longitudinal stresses have been revealed. The zone of weakening affects to the distribution of stresses and displacements around the mine. To select the parameters of the lining support it is necessary to take into consideration weakenings and contacts in the ore massive and the distance for these zones.
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Date submitted2009-10-13
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Date accepted2009-12-14
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Date published2010-09-22
The evaluation of geodynamic consequences оf long-term exploration of lower cretaceous sediments at the Yamburg oil-gas condensate field with join of additional wells
Within the framework of the engineering design of the join up of additional wells of Lower Cretaceous sediments at the Yamburg oil-gas condensate field the evaluation of geodynamic consequences of long-term exploitation of the mentioned field was performed, as well as the hazardous geodynamic process permanent survey program was developed.
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Date submitted2009-10-20
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Date accepted2009-12-11
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Date published2010-09-22
Monitoring of deformation processes of the earth surface with methods of differential interferometric treatment of radar data
- Authors:
- A. A. Krivenko
- Yu. A. Kashnikov
The Differential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR) has recently become one of the most popular methods to reveal and analyze the subsidence of the ground. This method is considered by researchers to be well suited to solve a problem of small relative ground shifts survey applying the short (centimeter) radio waves.
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Date submitted2009-08-07
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Date accepted2009-10-14
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Date published2010-02-01
Calculation of material streams of the pirometallurgical cycle of processing of copper sulphidic raw materials
- Authors:
- N. V. Danilova
The technology pirometallurgical a cycle of processing of copper sulphidic materials is considered. The technology includes autogenous fusion in furnaces Vanjukova, converting copper steins and copper refinement. The primary goals of drawing up of model and the accepted assumptions are described. The equations of system of model are balance expressions for each of material streams. Expressions for calculation of material streams pirometallurgical a cycle of processing of copper sulphidic raw materials are found.
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Date submitted2009-07-21
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Date accepted2009-09-28
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Date published2010-04-22
The determination of the volume stress-strain conditions of the rock massive with the circular outline mining ensrined with the anchors
- Authors:
- A. G. Protosenya
- N. A. Belyakov
In the article the analysis of consolidating effect from application of the anchor fastening, which using at driving of transport tunnels in the conditions of North Caucasus is produced. The change of the stress-strain condition of the rock massive, which is weaked by the mining of the circular outline is certain with the finite-elements method. On the basis of the executed design the row of graphic dependences, which describes changing of the sizes of limitary areas depending on strength and deformational properties of the rocks. Due to results of the conducted work the direction of further researches is seted.
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Date submitted2009-07-09
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Date accepted2009-09-03
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Date published2010-04-22
The stress-strain state of the massive of the loose ores in the Yakovlevsky deposit around the minings which were drilled with the combines or with drilling-blast technology
The article presents the consistent patterns of the changes in stress-strain state of the massive by the minings of the first stage of protective overlapping in the Yakovlevsky deposit. The change of the stress-strain condition of the rock massive, which is weaked by the mining was determined by the method of finite elements. The stresses distribution in the massive, the displacement of the contour of the minings, the size of conditional zones of non-linear deformations has been obtained. For stoping passes at the first stage the cutting with combine and application of fastening with the anchors has been suggested.