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Date submitted2024-03-30
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Date accepted2024-06-03
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Date published2024-07-04
Preparation and use of complex titanium-containing coagulant from quartz-leucoxene concentrate
- Authors:
- Evgenii N. Kuzin
The search for the new high-efficiency reagents for wastewater treatment is a challenging and urgent task. Titanium-containing coagulants represent a new trend in water treatment and have a much higher efficiency that the traditional aluminium and iron-containing coagulants. The high cost of reagents significantly hinders their implementation. Complex titanium-containing reagents are coagulants prepared by modifying the traditional coagulants by adding 2.5-10.0 wt.% titanium compounds. In this work, titanium tetrachloride prepared from quartz-leucoxene concentrate was prehydrolyzed with subsequent double decomposition with sulfuric acid. The resulting mixture of hydrochloric and sulfuric acids was neutralized with aluminium hydroxide/oxide to form a self-hardening mixture (chemical dehydration). The sample of a complex sulfate-chloride titanium-containing coagulant was a mixture of AlCl3·6H2O – 5-20 wt.%, Al2(SO4)3·18H2O – 70-90 wt.% and TiOSO4 – 2.5-10.0 wt.%. It was proved that by changing the ratio of aluminium oxide/hydroxide and titanium tetrachloride at the stage of prehydrolysis and double decomposition, it is possible to obtain samples of a complex coagulant with different contents of the modifying additive of titanium compounds. An assessment of the coagulation properties of the complex reagent demonstrated its higher efficiency in cold water compared to aluminium sulfate. Studies on the use of the complex titanium-containing coagulant in the process of wastewater treatment from phosphate anions and suspended matter demonstrated its higher efficiency as compared to that of traditional reagents. The advantages of the prepared reagent are a reduction in the effective dose of the reagent, minimization of residual concentrations of pollutants in purified water, intensification of the processes of sedimentation and filtration of coagulation sludge. Purified water can be reused in the recycling water supply system. The use of quartz-leucoxene concentrate and titanium tetrachloride obtained from it as the source material would not only minimize the cost of the resulting complex coagulant, but also take a step towards the implementation of the Zero Waste concept.
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Date submitted2023-04-04
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Date accepted2023-09-20
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Date published2024-08-26
Association of quartz, Cr-pyrope and Cr-diopside in mantle xenolith in V.Grib kimberlite pipe (northern East European Platform): genetic models
The first results of mineralogical and geochemical studies of a unique xenolith of lithospheric mantle are presented illustrating the earlier non-described mineral association of quartz, Cr-pyrope and Cr-diopside. Structural and textural features of the sample suggest a joint formation of these minerals. The calculated P-T-parameters of the formation of Cr-diopside indicate the capture of xenolith from the depth interval ~ 95-105 km (31-35 kbar) corresponding to the stability field of coesite. This suggests that quartz in the studied xenolith can represent paramorphs after coesite. It was shown that quartz in this rock is not a product of postmagmatic processes. The transformation stage of the source lherzolite into garnet- and clinopyroxene-enriched rock/garnet pyroxenite as a result of exposure to a high-temperature silicate melt was reconstructed. Subsequent stages of the influence of metasomatic agents were identified by the presence of a negative Eu-anomaly in some garnet grains, which could result from the impact of subduction-related fluid and the enrichment of rock-forming minerals with light rare earth elements, Sr, Th, U, Nb and Ta as a consequence of fluid saturated with these incompatible elements. Several models for the formation of SiO2 phase (quartz/coesite) in association with high-chromium mantle minerals are considered including carbonatization of mantle peridotites/eclogites and melting of carbonate-containing eclogites at the stage of subduction and the impact of SiO2-enriched melt/fluid of subduction genesis with peridotites of the lithospheric mantle.
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Date submitted2022-10-10
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Date accepted2023-01-19
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Date published2023-12-25
Assessment of the possibility of using leucoxene-quartz concentrate as raw material for production of aluminium and magnesium titanates
Leucoxene-quartz concentrate is a large-tonnage by-product of development of the Timan oil-titanium field (oil-saturated sandstones) which is not commercially used at present. High content of titanium compounds (to 50 % by weight) and lack of industrial, cost-effective, and safe technologies for its processing determine a high relevance of the work. Conventional processing technologies allow increasing the concentration of TiO2, but they are only a preparation for complex and hazardous selective chlorination. The process of pyrometallurgical conversion of leucoxene-quartz concentrate into aluminium and magnesium titanates was investigated. It was ascertained that the temperature of solid-phase reaction in Al2O3-TiO2-SiO2 system necessary for the synthesis of aluminium titanate (Al2TiO5) is 1,558 °С, and for MgO-TiO2-SiO2 system – 1,372 °С. Scaling up the process made it possible to synthesize a significant number of samples of titanate-containing products, the phase composition of which was studied by X-ray phase analysis. Two main phases were identified in the products: 30 % aluminium/magnesium titanate and 40 % silicon dioxide. In products of pyrometallurgical processing in the presence of aluminium, phases of pseudobrookite (3.5 %) and titanite (0.5 %) were also found. It was ascertained that in magnesium-containing system the formation of three magnesium titanates is possible: MgTiO3 – 25, Mg2TiO4 – 35, MgTi2O5 – 40 %. Experiments on sulphuric acid leaching of samples demonstrated a higher degree of titanium compounds extraction during sulphuric acid processing. An integrated conceptual scheme for processing leucoxene-quartz concentrate to produce a wide range of potential products (coagulants, catalysts, materials for ceramic industry) was proposed.
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Date submitted2022-04-13
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Date accepted2022-05-25
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Date published2022-11-03
Mineralogical and technological features and patterns of selective disintegration of ferruginous quartzites of the Mikhailovskoye deposit
The growing demand for ferrous metallurgy products necessitates the introduction of technologies that increase the efficiency of the processing of iron-bearing raw materials. A promising trend in this area is the implementation of solutions based on the possibility of selective disintegration of ores. The purpose of this work was to establish the laws of selective disintegration of ferruginous quartzites based on the results of the study of mineralogical and technological properties of raw materials. We present data on the study of mineralogical and technological features of ferruginous quartzites of the Mikhailovskoye deposit. The data were obtained using X-ray fluorescence analysis and automated mineralogical analysis. Based on studies of the nature of dissemination and the size of grains of rock-forming and ore minerals, the tasks of ore preparation are formulated. The parameters for the iron and silicon oxide distribution by grain-size classes in the grinding products were established during the study. Based on empirical dependences, the grain size of grinding was predicted, at which the most effective release of intergrowths of ore minerals and their minimum transition to the size class of –44 µm should be achieved.
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Date submitted2022-05-17
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Date accepted2022-09-06
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Date published2022-11-03
On the need to classify rock mass fed to dry magnetic separation
The hypothesis of a possible use of dry magnetic separation is substantiated on the example of ores from ferruginous quartzite deposits operated by plants of PAO “Severstal” Holding. Size class of ore after medium crushing is –80+0 mm when the vibrating feeder is used for feeding ore mass to the separation zone. The rationale is based on the analysis of video recording of physical simulation on a laboratory drum magnetic separator of SMBS-L series, in the VSDC Video Editor, and simulation modelling of dry magnetic separation on its virtual prototype in Rocky DEM software package. It has been proved that the use of a vibrating feeder for feeding the material to the working area of a magnetic separator makes it possible to: form a monolayer on the surface of the vibrating feeder chute with a thickness close to the maximum size of a lump of separated ore; implement batch feed of material to the separation zone; increase the spacing between lumps in the separation zone when passing through the free fall area, thereby allowing dry magnetic separation of ferruginous quartzites of size class –80+0 mm without pre-preparation.
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Date submitted2022-02-22
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Date accepted2022-09-15
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Date published2022-11-10
The problem of the genesis of the Mesoarchean aluminosilicate rocks from the Karelian craton and their possible use as a quartz-feldspar raw material
The article presents original data obtained in the study of the chemical and mineral compositions of the Late Archean aluminosilicate rocks (formerly called silicites) from the Koikari and Elmus structures of the Vedlozero-Segozero greenstone belt of the Karelian craton (Central Karelia). A comprehensive study of these formations revealed their complex genesis as a result of the late imposition of hydrothermal and metamorphic alteration on sedimentary and volcanic-sedimentary rocks of feldspar-quartz composition. Due to the superimposed metasomatic (temperature?) impact on feldspar-quartz siltstones, Fe was removed from microinclusions in quartz and feldspar and its oxides were concentrated along the grain boundaries. Minerals such as monazite, parisite, allanite are also located either along the grain boundaries of quartz and feldspars, or together with calcite they fill microfractures, which makes it possible to get rid of them when preparing quartz-feldspar concentrates using various beneficiation technologies. According to most indicators limited by GOSTs, individual samples in their natural form meet the requirements for quartz-feldspar raw materials for use as part of batch in the production of diverse types of glass. Additional beneficiation of the feedstock (grinding, screening into narrow classes and further magnetic separation) leads to a decrease in Fe 2 O 3 content to normalized values. The resulting quartz-feldspar concentrates with various particle sizes can be used in the production of building material and fine ceramics (sanitary and ceramic products, facing and finishing tiles, artistic, household porcelain and faience). The homogeneity of the mineral and chemical composition, the possibility of compact extraction and beneficiation (including in mobile small-sized installations) increase the prospects and competitiveness of this non-traditional feldspar raw material from Central Karelia.
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Date submitted2018-11-10
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Date accepted2019-01-17
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Date published2019-04-23
AMT soundings in the dead band within the Chukotka region (Russian Far East)
The article analyzes the amplitude spectra of audio magnetotelluric sounding (AMTs) data. Particular attention is focused on the frequency range from 1 to 5 kHz, which is called dead band. We analyzed the data of base stations used in the fieldwork during the summer and autumn seasons in 2013, 2014, and 2017. The area of work is located in the Chukotka Autonomous Area beyond the Arctic Circle. Previous researchers noted that a reliable signal in the dead band can only be obtained at nighttime. The authors of the article found that in Chukotka region in the daytime against the minimum signal within the dead band there is a local maximum at a frequency of 2.4 kHz. When registering a field for more than 3 hours during daytime, in most cases, it is possible to restore the frequencies of 2.2 and 2.6 kHz. These frequencies are reliable benchmarks, allowing in some cases to restore the AMT curve using the correlation between amplitude and phase. We have proposed ways to improve data quality in the dead band when measured during the daytime.
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Date submitted2018-08-30
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Date accepted2018-11-06
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Date published2019-02-22
Tourmaline as an ondicator of tin occurrences of cassiterite-quartz and cassiterite-silicate formations (a case study of the Verkhneurmiysky ore cluster, Far East)
- Authors:
- V. I. Alekseev
- Yu. B. Marin
The research focused on the composition of tourmaline from tin ore deposits and ore occurrences within the Verkhneurmiysky ore cluster in the Amur region. The aim of the study is to determine the indicative signs of tourmaline from cassiterite-quartz and cassiterite-silicate formations. This research is based on the materials of a long-term study of the mineralogy of the Far East deposits, conducted at the Mining University under the scientific supervision of Professor Yu.B.Marin. The relevance of the study involves predicting of tin and associated mineralization. For the first time, SIMS and Mössbauer spectroscopy were used to study tourmaline from this region. We identified the typomorphic characteristics of the tourmaline composition, which are proposed to be used as indicators of tin-ore deposits. Typomorphic characteristics of tourmaline from cassiterite-quartz formation: schorl (Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.06) with a high content of Al and K; Fe 3+ /(Fe 3+ + Fe 2+ ) = 0.03; Z Fe 3+ = 1 %; impurities: Nb, LREE (La, Ce, Pr), Be, Bi, F, Li, and Mn; LREE content > 9 ppm; positive Gd anomaly. Typomorphic characteristics of tourmaline from cassiterite-silicate formation: schorl-dravite (Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.22) with a high Ca content; Fe 3+ / (Fe 3+ + Fe 2+ ) = 0.17; Z Fe 3+ = 9 %; impurities: Zr, Y, Cr, V, Sn, In, Pb, W, Mo, Ti, HREE, Eu, Sr, Sb, and Sc; the content of Y is > 2 ppm, of HREE is > 3 ppm, Eu is > 0.1 ppm.
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Date submitted2013-07-20
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Date accepted2013-09-20
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Date published2014-03-17
Interchamber pillars partial working off technology at the floor-and-chamber system of development of the Korobkovsky deposit of KMA
- Authors:
- E. I. Boguslavskii
- M. N. Andreev
Article is devoted to a choice of rational technology of mining of part of stocks interchamber pillars at floor-and-chamber system of development of the Korobkovsky deposit of KMA. Authors carried out calculations and comparison of technical and economic parameters of two offered technologies of mining: horizontal layers with a stowing in an ascending order with application of a portable equipment and horizontal layers with a stowing in an ascending order with a driving of autobiases in interpanel pillars. For a choice of method of development for mining of part of interchamber pillar and determination of its parameters and indicators.
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Date submitted2009-08-08
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Date accepted2009-10-11
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Date published2010-02-01
The ontogenetic analysis of the vein quartz of some deposits of Southern Urals mountains
- Authors:
- E. L. Kotova
Comprehensive studying of vein quartz gives valuable information about quartz and quartz bodies formation conditions, which is very important for a forecast substantiation and exploration of new perspective deposits. For the purpose to receive qualitative and quantitative mineralogy-petrographic characteristics of vein quartz of different technological types (deposits of Southern Urals Mountains) four types of quartz grains are dedicated. For acknowledgement of correctness of the differentiation the full stereometric analysis with the help of Mineralogical Analyzer of structure MIU-5M is carried out. Parameters of a structure of mineral aggregate are received. Basis on these data, genetic and necessary for technologists conclusions are represented.