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Date submitted2023-12-07
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Date accepted2024-11-07
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Date published2025-04-07
Determination of the tangential component of cutting resistance during frozen sedimentary rock cutting using blocked, deeply blocked and cell cutting methods
Due to the insufficient accuracy of existing studies of frozen sedimentary rock cutting process for practical calculations, the article solves the problem of determining the tangential component cutting resistance for blocked, deep blocked and cell cutting, which are currently the most commonly used methods in earthmoving equipment. The cutting tool and rock mass force interaction is considered from the point of view of the emerging stresses, which act on the separated chip element. The analytical dependences for determining the tangential component of cutting resistance were obtained. The numerical explanation of the choice of cell cutting in relation to blocked and deeply blocked cutting is given. For all three methods of cutting, under equal geometrical parameters of the cutting tool and the physical and mechanical properties of the frozen rock, the numerical value of the tangential component of cutting resistance is obtained. The comparison of the cutting resistance estimated values has shown that cell cutting requires relatively less energy and is preferred during the process of frozen sedimentary rock excavation. During field and laboratory investigations with the use of a multi-purpose cutting stand, a sufficient convergence of the analytical statements with the physics of frozen sedimentary rock cutting process was established. The results of the research allow a more reasonable approach to the adjustment of existing methods for determining the required tractive force and power for the drive of an excavation machine, and, therefore, to the actual efficiency and profitability of work.
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Date submitted2021-06-24
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Date accepted2021-10-18
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Date published2021-12-16
Modeling the acid treatment of a polymictic reservoir
- Authors:
- Mars M. Khasanov
- Andrey А. Maltcev
Acid treatment of wells program is directly related to oil production efficiency. Investigations aimed at improving the efficiency of acid treatment in a terrigenous reservoir have mainly reviewed the changing and adapting the reagents to minimize bridging caused by acid-rock interaction. Under real conditions, application of new and unique acid compositions is a complex process from an organizational point of view and is therefore not widely used as compared with conventional compositions based on a mixture of hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids. The paper is based on an approach to improve acid treatment efficiency through optimal design based on near-bottomhole zone treatment simulation. The aspects for practical application of the developed acid treatment simulator for terrigenous reservoirs based on a numerical model of hydrodynamic, physical and chemical processes in a porous medium on an unstructured PEBI-grid are described. The basic uncertainties of the model are identified and analyzed. Influence of empirical parameters within the system of equations on the calculation results and modeling of the mineralogical composition of rocks are considered. Algorithm for static modelling of near-bottomhole zone for acid treatment modelling is described, as well as an approach to optimizing the design of near-bottomhole zone treatment based on adapting the results of rock tests in the model. Using experimental data, the necessity of accounting for influence of secondary and tertiary reactions on the results of modeling physical and chemical processes during acid treatment of terrigenous reservoirs was proved. The distinctive features of West Siberian objects (polymictic reservoirs) with respect to the efficiency of near-bottomhole zone treatment with clay acid have been investigated. Series of calculations to determine the optimum volume of acid injection has been carried out. Experience of previously conducted measures under the considered conditions has been analyzed and recommendations to improve the efficiency of acid treatment have been given.
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Date submitted2020-05-13
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Date accepted2021-05-21
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Date published2021-09-20
Increasing the efficiency of technological preparation for the production of the manufacture components equipment for the mineral resource complex
An increase of components production for the equipment intended for oil and gas production is a key factor for analyzing existing technological processes and searching for new technological solutions to improve the efficiency of the production process and the quality of components. The article presents a simulation model designed to determine the rational technological processing parameters for the production of the “Centralizer shell” part. The basis for optimizing the working cycle of a production line is synchronization based on the principle of proportionality, which involves equalizing the duration of all technological operations with the rhythm of the production line. Synchronization of technological operations on the production line is carried out by choosing rational cutting parameters for each technological transition (cutting speed, feedrate, number of working passes). The “Centralizer shell” part is made of titanium alloy VT16, which has high strength, corrosion resistance and ductility. For the part under consideration, the permissible values of the cutting parameters were determined based on the calculation of the total processing error, as well as the frequency of replacement of the worn cutting tool. The simulation model described in the article made it possible to increase the efficiency of the production process due to the synchronization of technological operations and the search for rational technological parameters, as well as to improve the manufacturing quality of the “Centralizer shell” part by analyzing the processing error at various parameters of the technological process.
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Date submitted2020-07-29
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Date accepted2021-03-30
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Date published2021-06-24
Model of baddeleyite recovery from dump products of an apatite-baddeleyite processing plant using a CVD6 concentrator
The paper is devoted to developing a model of baddeleyite recovery from dump products of an apatite-baddeleyite processing plant using centrifugal concentrators. The relevance of the work arises from the acquisition of new knowledge on the optimization of technological parameters of centrifugal concentrators using Knelson CVD (continuous variable discharge) technology – in particular, setting the frequency of valve opening and the duration of valves remaining open. The purpose of the research was to assess the applicability of CVD technology in the treatment of various dump products of the processing plant and to build a model of dependencies between the concentrate and tailings yields and the adjustable parameters, which will allow to perform preliminary calculations of the efficiency of implementing this technology at processing plants. The research objects are middling and main separation tailings of the coarse-grained stream and combined product of main and recleaner separation tailings of the fine-grained stream. The study uses general methods of mathematical statistics: methods of regression analysis, aimed at building statistically significant models, describing dependence of a particular variable on a set of regressors; group method of data handling, the main idea of which is to build a set of models of a given class and choose the optimal one among them. Authors proposed an algorithm for processing experiment results based on classical regression analysis and formulated an original criterion for model selection. Models of dependencies between the concentrate and tailings yields and the adjustable parameters were built, which allowed to establish a relationship between the concentrate yield and the valve opening time, as well as a relationship between the tailings yield and the G-force of the installation.
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Date submitted2020-06-09
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Date accepted2020-11-02
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Date published2020-11-24
Method of drilling process control and experimental studies of resistance forces during bits drilling with PDC cutters
A rational, theoretically proved and empirically verified control system is a condition for optimal management of the drilling process in compliance with the criteria for minimizing the cost of time and material resources. A new generation of rock-cutting tools using PDC cutters (polycrystalline diamante cutters), which are extremely ef fective when drilling wells for various purposes in medium-hard rocks, dictates the need to develop methods and criteria for optimal control of the drilling process using this tool. The paper presents an analysis of the force interaction between rock-cutting elements, face rock, and drilling mud sa turated with slam, highlights the influencing factors and provides dependencies for determining the parameters of rock failure. Empirical verification of the theoretical propositions was carried out based on the data analysis from experimental bit drilling of marble with PDC cutters with a diameter of 76.2 mm, processed using the method of full factor experiment to obtain mathematical models of factors and their graphical interpretation. The method of controlling the drilling process based on the optimal ratio of the tool rotation frequency, axial weight and deepening per one turnover is considered, which allows determining the rock failure mode at the well bottom by indirect signs and choose the optimal values of the drilling mode parameters that correspond to the most optimal conditions in terms of achieving the maximum mechanical drilling speed in conjunction with the rational mode of rock-cutting tool operation. A scheme is presented that contains possible variants of the bit run mode and ways to recognize them by the ratio of the deepening per turnover and the rotation frequency of the rock-cutting tool.
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Date submitted2019-06-28
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Date accepted2019-09-03
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Date published2019-12-24
Development of a drilling process control technique based on a comprehensive analysis of the criteria
- Authors:
- V. V. Neskoromnykh
- M. S. Popova
Compliance with drilling operations requirements is achieved by introducing advanced approaches to the management of the drilling process. Main requirement is to reduce the time and material costs for construction of the well. Increase in drilling speed is provided by rational selection of rock cutting tools and modes of its use. Development of a new generation of rock cutting tools is a complex process and requires systematic, integrated approach. In order for high costs of developing and manufacturing the tool to pay off without significantly increasing the cost of drilling, considerable attention should be paid to scientifically justified methods for its running. At well drilling using bottomhole telemetry systems with full computer support for the drilling process, there is a reasonable possibility of using a control technique based on objective results of the drilling process coming directly from the bottomhole of the well in real time. Use of a full factorial experiment is justified for processing data that affect drilling performance. Aim of the research is to develop a drilling process management technique based on a comprehensive analysis of criteria online. Objects of research: rock destruction mechanism during drilling; parameters affecting the process of well drilling; optimization of well drilling processes. The research used the following: experimental drilling with a diamond tool at the bench, method of a full factorial experiment, analytical studies. Article highlights the factors affecting the performance of a diamond rock cutting tool in the process of drilling a well, notes main criteria affecting the efficiency of the drilling process. It also describes mechanism of volumetric destruction, defines the conditions for the destruction of rock at various drilling modes and the dependence of the change in deepening per round on the parameters of the drilling modes. Technique of controlling the parameters of the drilling mode is considered, which allows determining indirectly the mode of rock destruction at the bottomhole of the well and choosing optimal values of the parameters for the drilling mode that correspond to the most favorable conditions.
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Date submitted2019-07-06
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Date accepted2019-08-25
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Date published2019-12-24
Improving the efficiency of technological preparation of single and small batch production based on simulation modeling
Technological preparation of production is an integral stage of the production process, which is characterized by high complexity, which is largely felt in the conditions of single and small-scale types of production. The effectiveness of technological preparation of production is increased through automation with the use of simulation modeling. The objective of the study is to develop a simulation model that allows you to determine a rational version of the process for processing a batch of parts. The simulation model described in the article allows to analyze the production schedule of the enterprise, build processing routes, evaluate options for using various types of workpieces and technological equipment, determine the acceptable values of cutting conditions, and choose a rational variant of the technological process of processing a batch of parts. The developed simulation model is based on the principles of modular technologies, the part is considered as a combination of individual elementary surfaces. Each elementary surface contains information about the technological processing route, technological equipment and the type of technological equipment used in its manufacture, cutting conditions and the size of the allowance for each processing stage. The rational choice of the technological process is selected on the basis of multicriteria analysis according to three criteria: the value of variable costs, the production time of a batch of parts and the value of the processing error. The analysis of these criteria is made and the parameters that have the greatest impact on their value are determined. The developed classification of surface elements is described: design elements, technological elements, basic elements, as well as a mathematical model based on which the calculation of the values of the criteria for choosing a rational option.
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Date submitted2019-01-23
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Date accepted2019-03-17
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Date published2019-06-25
Development of the composition of the process fluid to eliminate bit seizure
- Authors:
- E. A. Rogov
During well construction, one of the most complicated types of accidents is the bit seizure as a result of which oil and gas companies incur significant losses due to the abandonment of a portion of the drill string in the well, cutting of an additional wellbore, and sometimes loss of the well. In the case of the elimination of seizure due to packing a positive result can be achieved by pumping portions of the process fluid into the seizure area. Destruction of the packer during the physicochemical effect of the process fluid, in general, allows for complete or partial softening of the packer, changing the pressure in the seizure area and significantly reducing the force required to release the stuck tool. The article presents the results of laboratory studies on the effect of various compositions of process fluids on the packer to eliminate the bit seizure. The effectiveness of the packer destruction was estimated by reducing the tangential stresses after the physicochemical effect of various compositions of process fluids for the same period. A 10% aqueous solution of hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid with an addition of 0.5% surfactant alpha olefin sodium sulfonate is recommended as a process fluid to eliminate packer seizures.
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Date submitted2018-10-28
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Date accepted2018-12-30
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Date published2019-04-23
Development and research of formation technologies on specialized presses with subsequent sintering of high-density details from iron-based powders
- Authors:
- A. M. Dmitriev
- N. V. Korobov
- A. Zh. Badalyan
Creating shifts of the lyaers in a deforming workpieces improves the quality of the product produced by pressure treatment. qual-channel angular pressing and precipitations of a cylindrical billet with a rotating turnaround were developed by specialists earlier and became basic for scientists engaged in nanotechnology. One of the most modern schemes for creating nanostructures by processing on presses is the «Cyclic Extrusion Compression» scheme (in Russia – «Hourglass»), which has significant drawbacks. To date, research on the creation of layer shifts in compacted metal powders is substantially less than in compaction of compact blanks. The article developed compaction schemes for presses of blanks from iron-based powders that have a certain analogy with the «Hourglass», while lacking the disadvantages inherent in the named scheme and implemented on the created samples of specialized hydraulic presses. The results of the studies of density, strength and microhardness before sintering the samples molded from a number of domestic and imported powders on iron base, including those doped with carbon and other alloying components, are described. It has been established that with the use of the formation schemes for powders providing large shifts between particles, the density of the preforms increases on average by 10-12 %. With an average stress (16.32 MPa) of the transverse section of the molded specimen prior to its sintering, molding with shifts between particles increases this stress by 78 %. The strength after sintering of samples made using the compaction schemes developed by the authors of the article increases approximately by 2 times. Magnetic pulse treatment (MPT) of a molded sample prior to its sintering increases its resistance to shearing before sintering, regardless of the molding pattern. When MPT of both the powder and the molded sample is executed, the most uniform distribution of microhardness in the sample is achieved, and after subsequent sintering, the most uniform distribution of the mechanical characteristics of the product. The results of all studies are described by regression equations.
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Date submitted2018-09-08
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Date accepted2018-10-27
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Date published2019-02-22
Special strategy of treatment of difficulty-profile conical screw surfaces of single-screw compressors working bodies
- Authors:
- A. S. Vasilev
- A. A. Goncharov
The article deals with the problems arising during the shaping of complex profile tapered helical surfaces. These surfaces form the geometry of the working bodies of single-screw miniature compressors, which have great prospects for use in mobile miniature compressor plants, which is especially important for medical and space technology, robotics, oil and gas and mining industries. Due to the fact that the capabilities of existing CAD systems do not allow obtaining three-dimensional models of these surfaces, the problem of preparing a control program for a CNC machine arises, since the calculation of the tool path in CAM systems when processing complex surfaces is impossible without a three-dimensional surface model. To solve the problem, an automated programming system was developed that implements a formalized toolpath calculation in accordance with the proposed special processing strategy for conical helical surfaces. As the initial data for calculating the toolpath, the system needs information about the tool geometry and the helical surface in a parametric form, which makes it possible to abandon the construction of a three-dimensional surface model. The results of processing prototypes for the proposed strategy are given.
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Date submitted2018-07-21
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Date accepted2018-09-03
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Date published2018-12-21
Possibilities of open eruption elimination by drilling tools
- Authors:
- P. Bujok
- M. Klempa
- M. Jakubcik
- J. Ryba
- M. Porzer
The most important raw materials for different industries are oil and natural gas. With increasing consumption, the demand for drilling and the quality of production increases. Therefore, the exploration and production of hydrocarbons requires not only first-class machinery and technological equipment, but also qualified personnel. Exploration and drilling, production of hydrocarbons, like any other industry, cannot avoid accidents, emergencies and catastrophes. The worst type of well accident is undoubtedly an open eruption of the extracted crude oil. Open eruption can lead to serious injuries to the rig personnel, damage and destruction of equipment, negative environmental impact and loss of crude oil. Exploratory drilling can cause the rise of pressure and its subsequent manifestations. During the first deep drilling, there may not be enough information about the drilled horizons. If the reservoir pressure in the production horizon is higher than the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the well (for example, drilling mud), the formation fluids flow into the well and move towards the surface, which causes open eruption. The rig personnel must be properly trained to be able to recognize the occurrence of rising pressure by various signs and to respond effectively to the situation. Sometimes, under the influence of the human factor or equipment failure, open eruption still occurs. The article discusses the possibilities of eliminating open eruptions with drilling tools.
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Date submitted2018-05-04
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Date accepted2018-07-23
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Date published2018-10-24
Analysis of possible enhancementof properties of VK15 material used for drilling tools
- Authors:
- Yu. A. Kurganova
- K. S. Panina
- P. S. Beshenkov
Traditionally, when drilling hard and abrasive rocks, it is recommended to use a tungsten-cobalt hard alloy VK15. The analysis of information on the possibility of improving the potential of the material has demonstrated the existence of mechanisms that provide structural transformations that enhance its strength, hardness and toughness. The use of such technology instead of traditional methods will lead to an increase in the operating efficiency and durability of the tool. During the work, experimental samples of alloy VK15 were obtained by sintering in four different modes. Then their properties were analyzed. The results of the metallographic study carried out on the «Carl Zeiss» microscope made it possible to estimate the distribution of tungsten carbide grains in cobalt bon and show the grinding of the carbide phase. Thus, with traditional sintering, the amount of tungsten carbide grains with an average size of less than 1 μm in diameter from the entire size range reaches 19.5 %, while after additional heat treatment with a holding time of 1280 °C, the value was 41.5 %; 900 °C – 59.1 %; 600 °С – 54.5 %. The maximum improvement results were the following: hardness by 18 %, a coercive force by 49 %, and crack resistance by 11 % of the traditional alloy, there were achieved at 900-1280 °C. A hypothesis has been put forward on the formation of additional structural elements not detected by the methods of optical metallography. Studies of the topology and structure of the samples on an atomic force microscope confirmed the presence of nanoscale inclusions from 20 to 40 nm (presumably tungsten carbide) in a cobalt bond.For VK15, comparative studies of properties and analysis of the microstructure of experimental samples obtained by the traditional sintering and modified technology have shown that the sintering mode at 900 °C is a priority.
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Date submitted2015-10-12
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Date accepted2015-12-26
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Date published2016-08-22
Use of various types of carbon-containing raw materials to produce thermal energy
- Authors:
- V. B. Kuskov
- V. Yu. Bazhin
Many types of carbon-containing organic compounds and all possible carbon-containing products or wastes in low demand can be used to produce thermal energy. A technology has been developed for producing highly flammable briquettes on the basis of bituminous coal. These briquettes have a special incendiary layer. It is easily ignites from low energy heat sources (e.g. matches), and then flame spreads to the rest of briquette. Use of coal slacks and paper wastes as carbon-containing components playing the role of binders provides an opportunity to get a fuel briquette easy in terms of production and plain in composition while at the same time dispose of coal and paper wastes. Such briquettes may also have a special incendiary layer. Technology for fuel briquettes production from wood and slate wastes employed no binding agents, as wood products acted as binders. Thus technologies have been developed to produce fuel briquettes from various carbon-containing materials in low demand. The briquettes are intended for household boilers, fireplaces, different ovens in order to cook food, heat residential and utility premises, cabins, etc.
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Date submitted2014-12-11
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Date accepted2015-02-11
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Date published2015-12-25
Influence of the type of hardening treatment on wear-resistant materials of mining equipment
- Authors:
- V. I. Bolobov
- S. A. Chupin
For example, steel 110G13L as the material of teeth of excavator buckets, shows that the work hardening (hardening) is an effective means to increase (up to 10 times) the wear resistance of components in contact with abrasive media, such as marble, yielding the steel in a state of hard-ening of hardness. In the case of wear on the rocks (granite, gabbro) with a hardness greater than the hardness of steel, the effect of hardening has almost no effect. It was found that high-temperature thermomechanical treatment of steel 35HGSA as the material of holders of rotary cut-ters (strain at 900 С, water quenching, tempering at 230 С) leads to a substantial increase of its hardness (23 %) and durability (38 %) compared to typical heat treatment used in the manufacture of cutting tools at the factory.
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Date submitted2014-10-09
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Date accepted2014-12-26
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Date published2015-08-25
Improving the precision of manufacturing power hydraulic cylinders of powered roof supports based on a vibration-damping tooling system
- Authors:
- V. V. Maksarov
- Yu. Olt
The article deals with a new system of a vibration-damping tool, the effect of which is achieved by a combination of the multi-layer principle and the use of anisotropic properties of sheet metal. Operation of such tool systems in turning operations can reduce high-frequency vibra-tions arising in the process of cutting due to the ordered disorientation of anisotropic plate texture of a multilayer modular tool holder that allows you to efficiently dissipate oscillatory wave energy at the boundary of transition between the plates of the tool holder. This method allows increasing the resistance of the tool cutting edge significantly and expanding the technological capabilities for the effective selection of cutting modes to ensure compliance with requirements for dimensional and geometric accuracy, quality of processed surfaces of powered roof supports, hydraulic units, mining machinery and equipment.
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Date submitted2009-09-25
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Date accepted2009-11-15
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Date published2010-06-25
Studies of resistance micro-welding modes for dentistry applications
- Authors:
- A. B. Tsyganov
- A. S. Mustafaev
Various modes of resistance welding between steel and Ni-Ti-extracting electrodes and fractures of endodontic files were investigated. It was demonstrated that in close to real clinical situations there is most suitable a sequence of a number of pulses of a steepened welding current. As a result, detachment force limit of 15-50 N is achievable which is sufficient for the fracture extraction in most cases.
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Date submitted2009-07-25
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Date accepted2009-09-09
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Date published2010-04-22
The use of data on stress-strain state of rock mass in solutions of mining-and-technical tasks on the example of the Tishin ore mine
The Permion State Technical University and ASE «VNIItsvetmet» have carried out in situ measurements of stress-strain state at the Tishinsky lead-zinc ore deposit. Measurements and interpretation of deformations and stresses caused by excavation were used. Complex of researches made it possible to solve some important problems for safeguarding effective and secure ore production ore on deep level.
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Date submitted2008-11-19
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Date accepted2009-01-04
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Date published2009-12-11
Complex modernisation of manufacture on Open Society «Severstal»
- Authors:
- V. M. Vasiltsova
- O. A. Popova
- S. N. Vinogradov
The metallurgical complex is a part of the manufactures making a basis of industrial and defensive potential of Russia. For increase in volume and production improvement of quality are defined internal possibilities of manufacture on the basis of its modernisation. Attempt of actualisation of the term «modernisation» at the expense of the complex approach to its treatment and workings out of the mechanism of acceptance of corresponding organizational and administrative decisions is undertaken. The technique is specified and the estimation of a technical condition of the equipment is carried out, the technical and economic analysis of modernisation on Open Society «Severstal» is carried out. Ways of perfection of a control system by updating of industrial potential of the metallurgical enterprise taking into account the requirement of the complex approach are defined.
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Date submitted2008-10-29
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Date accepted2008-12-06
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Date published2009-12-11
Data collection and processing system of low-frequency electrical method with artificial source
- Authors:
- A. I. Geraskin
Review of the basic components of elaborating system is presented. The basic trends of application of these components and software products created on their basis are shown. The concept of a processing graph is entered and shown its dynamic features. Specific examples of the successful practical application of the system are considered.