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Date submitted2023-08-16
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Date accepted2023-10-25
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Date published2023-10-27
250 years in the service of the Fatherland: Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University in facts and figures
In 2023, Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University – the first higher technical educational institution in Russia – turns 250 years. Any significant anniversary is an occasion to look back, analyze and evaluate the way traveled. The article analyzes the main achievements of the Mining University on the basis of statistical material from the moment of the foundation of the Mining School to the present day: educational and pedagogical experience in the education and training of mining specialists, scientific and technical intelligentsia; the outstanding contribution of its scientists, graduates to the establishment and development of the mineral resource complex of Russia, in strengthening the country's defense power, the creation of scientific schools. The first part of the article provides data on the number of graduates for different periods of the history of the university, shows the dynamics of their number growth, the peculiarities of learning. According to the authors, over 250 years, about 99 thousand engineers and mining specialists have been prepared in the university. The second part of the article is devoted to the characteristics of the teaching staff, in which a special place is occupied by his favorites, who have become outstanding scientists, academicians and corresponding members of the Academies of Sciences. Those of them who have devoted more than a dozen years of their lives to teaching within the walls of the university are noted. The final part shows the main scientific achievements of the university: the organization of scientific societies, the development of scientific schools, research institutes, etc. About 200 graduates of the Mining University have been awarded State Prizes for their contribution to the development of science and technology. The work of dissertation councils was noted, in which more than 5 thousand dissertations have been defended since 1943.
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Date submitted2020-02-19
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Date accepted2020-04-17
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Date published2020-10-08
Decrease in coal losses during mining of contiguous seams in the near-bottom part at Vorkuta deposit
- Authors:
- Oleg I. Kazanin
- Valeriy V. Yaroshenko
The problem of formation of extended zones with high rock pressure (HRP) from safety pillars at the boundaries of extraction pillars formed due to the mine layout of complex geometry is considered at the example of JSC Vorkutaugol mines. A detailed analysis of the remaining reserves of the near-bottom part of the deposit was carried out to estimate losses and the impact of HRP zones from the Chetvertyi protective seam to mining operations on the Troinoi upper seam along with the possibilities for the reduction of sizes of HRP zones at the account of expanding the underworked space. Due to research on the near-bottom part of the Vorkuta deposit, within the framework of the accepted layout, a zone at the Komsomolskaya mine and two zones at the Zapolyarnaya-2 mine were singled out, at which losses at the boundaries of the extraction pillars amount up to 13-22 % of the total resources of the mine field. The high volume of losses in these pillars indicates the relevance of research on the priority extraction impact of protective seams on the efficiency and safety of mining operations in the working area of underworked and HRP zones. Based on the analysis of foreign and Russian experience in the pillar cleaning-up at the boundaries of working areas and the methodical guidelines and instructions, a technological scheme was developed that allows increasing the coal mining recovery factor in the near-bottom part of the Vorkuta deposit from 0.75 to 0.9 without fundamental changing of the ventilation and transport networks and also without purchasing any additional mining equipment. The conducted economic calculations confirmed the effectiveness of implementing the new technological scheme for cleaning-up reserves at the boundaries of extraction districts. The economic effect is from 0.079 to1.381 billion rubles of additional profit from coaxial extraction pillars, depending on the mining and geological conditions and the size of the pillars.
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Date submitted2019-06-22
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Date accepted2019-09-11
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Date published2020-04-24
Effective capacity building by empowerment teaching in the field of occupational safety and health management in mining
The paper is dealing with a developed concept named Empowerment Teaching, which is based on practical teaching experience gained in various mining universities. It is demonstrated that this concept can be used to increase the effectiveness of knowledge transfer to mining countries in the world, as well as to overcome cultural barriers between lecturers and their students. The two models of participatory training, which are proposed to be named “physical” and “emotional” models, are portrayed. The authors are convinced that participatory training methods can be an ideal answer to a challenge associated with workers’ competencies in mining, namely – the potential of highly motivated and well-educated young academics is often diminished by a lack of ability to apply their knowledge. A special emphasis is made on the possible application of empowerment teaching for educational and training activities in the field of occupational safety and health (OSH), which is a matter of utmost importance for the mining industry. Several benchmarking initiatives in the field of OSH (“safety culture”, zero-accident vision) are underlined to be encouraged and promoted by means of new teaching methods. The examples of successful international cooperation among universities are given, as well.
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Date submitted2019-03-25
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Date accepted2019-05-23
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Date published2019-08-23
Assessment of Rock-Burst Hazard in Deep Layer Mining at Nikolayevskoye Field
The paper presents results of conducted research using regional and local methods of forecast and control over geomechanical state of the rock mass at burst-hazardous Nikolayevskoye field, located in a geodynamically active region. The study subject is the ore mass of Nikolayevskoye field, characterized by man-induced and tectonic disturbances and high geodynamic activity. The aim of research was practical implementation of methods and instruments of forecast and control over geomechanical state of the burst-hazardous rock mass and safety improvement of mining operations. Exploitation practice of burst-hazardous fields demonstrates that forecast accuracy of hazardous rock pressure demands cutting-edge multi-level systems, where local methods and tools complement regional ones. A regional forecast of rock-burst hazard at Nikolayevskoye field was performed by means of seismoacoustic method using automated control system for rock pressure (ACSRP) «Prognoz-АDS». Local forecast was carried out using «Prognoz-L» device, geophysical (sample disking) method and visual observations of dynamic pressure manifestations in the mining tunnels. Quality assessment of stress-strain and burst state of the rock mass was performed using specialized software «PRESS 3D URAL». Integration of engineering and geomechanical data in the process of conducting research guarantees a relevant assessment of rock-burst hazard in various areas of the field at various stages of its development. Practical verification of the system, where local methods and tools complement regional ones, demonstrated satisfactory results at Nikolayevskoye mining plant, which makes it recommendable for other mining facilities extracting ore at great depths under similar conditions of active geodynamic processes.
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Date submitted2019-03-13
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Date accepted2019-05-07
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Date published2019-08-23
Modern Mathematical Forecast Methods of Maintenance and Support Conditions for Mining Tunnel
- Authors:
- S. A. Ignatyev
- A. E. Sudarikov
- A. Zh. Imashev
The research focuses on mathematical methods of mining pressure forecast to develop rational support patterns for mining tunnels and to ensure safety of mining operations. The purpose of research is to develop the methodology of applying advanced calculation methods and software solutions based on neural networks to reduce dispersion of factors influencing stability of mining tunnels, as well as to define rational parameters of mining tunnel support. The authors review the algorithm of geomechanical process examination, which is divided into several stages. First of all, it is proposed to use cluster analysis to examine location conditions of man-made outcrops, which allows to divide all the diversity of existing conditions for mining tunnel construction. Cluster analysis first allows to reduce the dispersion of factors that influence the stability of mining tunnels in various clusters, and then to determine rational parameters of tunnel support in each cluster. After the problem of cluster analysis is solved, it is proposed to use software programs that allow to study geomechanical processes in each cluster. At this stage, both standard methods (normative techniques, numerical modelling, analogies use, etc.) and the most advanced methods – neural networks – can be applied. Described algorithm of solving geomechanical problems, which utilizes advanced numerical methods and a software package based on neural networks, ensures an individual approach to estimation of mining pressure under varying conditions of man-made outcrop location in the rock mass.
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Date submitted2018-07-18
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Date accepted2018-09-22
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Date published2018-12-21
Forecasting rock burst hazard of tectonically disturbed ore massif at the deep horizons of Nikolaevskoe polymetallis deposit
- Authors:
- D. V. Sidorov
- M. I. Potapchuk
- A. V. Sidlyar
The subject of the research is the stress-strain and rock burst hazardous state of the ore massif of the Nikolaevskoe polymetallic deposit, formed under the influence of complex mining-geological and mining-technical factors. The purpose of the research is to establish the peculiarities of the formation of technogenic stress fields at the deposit, which is characterized by a block structure, a complex tectonic system and the presence of a large volume of developed spaces. Volumetric geodynamic modeling of the stress-strain state of the massif at different stages of the development of the deep horizons of the deposit was carried out by collecting information on the structure, properties and geodynamic state of the rock mass. The assessment of stress changes taking into account the effect of hypsometry, the configuration of the selvages, the physical-mechanical properties of the ore deposit and host rocks, the presence of tectonic disturbances was made using the developed numerical algorithms, the automation equipment of the initial data and the PRESS 3D URAL software. The simulation made it possible to establish that tectonic faults in the massif lead to a qualitative change in the stress-strain state in certain parts of the ore massif and in the pillars, namely, the reduction of stresses along the tectonic faults and their growth in nearby pillars. The identified features of the distribution of stresses in the tectonically disturbed rock massif of the Nikolaevskoe deposit will allow to identify in advance potentially hazardous areas both at the planning stage of mining operations and during development, as well as to work out effective rock burst measures to increase the safety of mining. The results of research can be used in enterprises with similar mining-geological and mining-technical conditions.
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Date submitted2017-10-25
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Date accepted2018-01-17
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Date published2018-04-24
Innovative technology of large-size products manufacture
- Authors:
- S. N. Sanin
- N. A. Pelipenko
Advantages and prospects for the use of mobile robotic machine-tools in the manufacture of large parts in the mining, cement and nuclear industries are considered, as well as the importance of using welded structures to reduce production costs. Schemes for finishing mechanical machining of welded large-sized parts such as bodies of revolution with the use of mobile robotic machine-tools equipped with a belt-grinding tool, an enlarged description of the technological process for manufacturing a large-sized shell of a welded structure are presented. The conclusion is made that it is necessary to take into consideration the use in the industry of frameless production technology, especially for the machining of large-sized parts, and the use of small mobile robotic machine-tools is a productive approach and has a prospective character. The technological approaches proposed in the article make it possible to remove the restriction on the overall size and mass of the parts being manufactured, which are proposed to be manufactured directly at the site of future operation. The effectiveness of this technology is confirmed both by theoretical research and by practical data of the authors. It was noted that the production by the domestic machine-tool industry of mobile universal and special robotic machine-tools will allow the country's engineering industry to be brought to a new, high-quality world level.
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Date submitted2017-11-17
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Date accepted2018-01-05
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Date published2018-04-24
Estimation of the relation of strength and ultrasound speed in glass-reinforce plastic
- Authors:
- A. I. Potapov
In mining machinery, details and products made of composite materials are widely used, especially from GRP (glass-reinforce plastic). The work evaluates the relationship between the strength and the speed of ultrasound for nondestructive testing of strength in an article made of composite materials such as GDR with the use of a pulsed ultrasonic method. Methods for estimating the connection, the method of mechanical compression tests and mathematical processing and establishing the relationship between the ultrasonic velocity and the strength of GRP are considered. The results of experimental studies on establishing the relationship between the strength of GRP on compression and the speed of longitudinal ultrasonic waves are presented. As a result of statistical processing of the experimental results, equations of the relationship between the compressive strength and the ultrasonic velocity in fiberglass are obtained.
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Date submitted2014-12-17
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Date accepted2015-03-01
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Date published2015-12-25
Freiberg mining academy and russia: 250 years of business cooperation
- Authors:
- V. G. Afanasev
The article is dedicated to the 250th anniversary of Freiberg Mining Academy, the oldest European higher technical education institution with the mining specialization. It is an established fact that the roots of cooperation between Russian and German mining en-gineers go back to the time of Peter the Great, and which was later maintained as exemplified by the Demidovs, the dynasty of leading Russian metallurgical works owners. In terms of science, a signifi-cant contribution was made both by leading mining science experts of Freiberg and by their disciple M.V.Lomonosov, a great Russian scientist. The article focuses on the links between the Mining Academy and St Petersburg Mining School, which was founded a little later and became the first higher technical education institution in Russia. It gives numerous examples of professional de-velopment of Russian mining specialists who had practical training in Freiberg. The conclusion reviews the relations between the two education institutions over the last decades and identifies their prospects.
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Date submitted2014-12-24
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Date accepted2015-02-11
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Date published2015-12-25
Freiberg mining academy and Mining cadet corps: their place and role in Humboldt´s life and activities
- Authors:
- I. G. Rebeshchenkova
The article examines the stages and events of Humboldt s life, associated with the European institutions: Freiberg Mining Academy and the Mining Cadet Corps in St Petersburg. It establishes the fact that his training at the former, in particular, his acquaintance with V.Y.Sojymonov, con-tributed to the beginning of his connection with the Mining Cadet Corps. A notable event in Hum-boldt s life, which helped to establish and further develop those contacts, was his trip to the Urals and Siberia, where he met and worked with alumni and staff of the Mining Cadet Corps – P.P.Anosov, E.K.Hoffman, D.S.Menshenin, and G.P.Gelmersen. A number of Humboldt’s arti-cles, published in a scientific journal of the Corps «The Mining Journal», testify to those meetings. The article provides a conclusion, which is of great current interest, in connection with the anniversaries: 250 th anniversary of Freiberg Mining Academy; 240 th anniversary of the Mining Cadet Corps (nowadays – the National Mineral Resources University «The Mining University»), and 190 th anniversary of «The Mining Journal», - that those two core European educational institu-tions with the mining and geological specialization, in close and productive interaction played a key role in Humboldt’s life and professional activity.
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Date submitted2014-11-01
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Date accepted2015-01-18
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Date published2015-10-26
On the design features of underground multiple gassy coal seam mining
- Authors:
- O. I. Kazanin
The analysis of the industry regulatory requirements and the world design experience of underground multiple coal seam mining is provided. The main problems of intensive longwall mining of multiple flat gassy coal seams as well as methods for determination of high rock pressure zone parameters and seams interaction are considered. The examples of a number of mines in the Kuzbass and Pechora coal basins show that the design of multiple seam mining and the choice of longwall panel parameters were often made without taking into consideration influence of surrounded seams that leads to essential complication of conditions for mining operations and decreases the technical and economic indicators of mining. The existing industry regulations do not allow considering complex influence of factors in multiple coal seams mining fully. On the basis of field, laboratory, and numeric research results it is noted that recommendations for pillar positioning in contiguous seams ensuring efficiency and safety of multiple seam longwall mining can significantly differ in case of liability of coal seams to spontaneous combustion, high natural gas content, influence of multiple seam mining onto daily surface, and difficult conditions of entries maintenance. The importance of having information on the stress-strain condition of the rock mass at a design stage and its changes in the process of multiple seam mining is shown. The need for industry regulations updating for the purpose of a more detailed definition of a form, size and a location of high rock pressure zones as well as stress parameters in these zones is noted. A set of recommendations for effective and safe multiple seam mining is developed.
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Date submitted2009-10-19
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Date accepted2009-12-17
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Date published2010-09-22
Systematization of factors to be considered in mine abandonment design
Subsoil is not just a source of mineral resources; it also serves as a burial site of industrial and domestic wastes, a storage place for oil and gas, and an environment for constructing underground facilities and creating preservations and nature sanctuaries. Subsoil area development is intensified and diversified with each passing year, exerting great influence on ecological systems and all their components. Special attention should be paid to terrain as upper facet of lithosphere, submitted to maximal impact of anthropogenic processes. Activation and emergence of natural and anthropogenic processes causes changes manifested in various combinations of negative events. Most important events include deformations of rock mass and land surface: exhaustion and pollution of ground and surface water, waterflooding and swamping of tapped sites, soil dehydration and salinization, air pollution, land site withdrawal from commercial circulation etc.
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Date submitted2009-09-20
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Date accepted2009-11-29
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Date published2010-06-25
Some facts of history of training and employment of mining engineers during 20-30th years of 20th century
- Authors:
- V. G. Afanasev
The article is dedicated to the problem of training mining engineers during the most difficult Soviet period. The problem was solved with foundation of new educational institution as well as reorganization of functional ones primarily Mining Institute. Reformation of universities was justified sometimes not. Disadvantage of reformation was repression to highly qualified specialists of mining. Personnel problem was solved that allowed to increase coal and oil extraction.
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Date submitted2009-07-23
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Date accepted2009-09-22
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Date published2010-04-22
Conceptual principles of mining company’s balanced development in condition of necessity of innovation transformation
- Authors:
- A. A. Gurev
Necessity of forming strategy of balanced development of mining company on based innovation transformation is proved. Algorithm of analysis of strategic opportunity realization is proposed. Conceptual scheme of formation of strategy of balanced development of mining company is developed.
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Date submitted2009-07-17
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Date accepted2009-09-22
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Date published2010-04-22
MINEFRAME is the modern tool for mining maintenance
- Authors:
- L. S. Lomako
- G. G. Korol
Today an automation of the basic technological processes in production is successfully introduced into various sectors of the national economy, including in mining practice. One of the modern software products intended for automated planning, designing and support of works at the mining enterprises, is integrated package – MINEFRAME which is put in industrial operation.
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Date submitted2009-07-24
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Date accepted2009-09-14
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Date published2010-04-22
Bulgarian coal industry in market economy
- Authors:
- Tzolo Voutov
Mining production in Bulgaria during the transitional period goes through four periods: 1990 – beginning of the period; 1995 – restructuring of mining production, formation of normative base; 2000 – end of transitional period; 2005-2008 – sustainable development of mining industry.
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Date submitted2008-11-24
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Date accepted2009-01-04
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Date published2009-12-11
Stadies on creation of economic-organizing mechanism in the sphere of rational subsoil use
- Authors:
- A. M. Zhukov
The essence of terms «subsoil use» and «rational use of mineral resources» in economic aspect is considered in the work. The main prerequisites and ways of effective economic-organizing mechanism creation in the sphere of subsoil use management are stated.
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Date submitted1951-07-11
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Date accepted1951-09-18
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Date published1952-12-23
Разработка тонких и средней мощности крутящихся пластов без применения деревянной крепи
- Authors:
- Unknown
Основным недостатком существующих методов разработки тонких и средней мощности крутопадающих пластов угля является применение деревянной крепи в очистных забоях. Крепление очистных забоев производится исключительно ручным способом и представляет наиболее опасную, тяжелую и трудоемкую операцию. Так, трудовые затраты на крепление, доставку леса и управление горным давлением обычно составляют от 50 до 80% общих трудовых затрат в очистном забое (см. статью). Около двух третей чистого времени работы забойщик затрачивает на крепление. Если учесть еще лесодоставку и работы по управлению горным давлением (установку органной крепи и пр.), то суммарный расход времени на эти операции, включая крепление, составит приблизительно 80% общих трудовых затрат в очистном забое на добычу угля. В Донбассе превалирующее распространение получили отбойные молотки, что определяет значительно большую трудоемкость работ по отбойке угля. Поэтому работы, связанные с креплением и управлением горным давлением, здесь составляют приблизительно 50—60% общих трудовых затрат в очистном забое. Но в дальнейшем, в связи с внедрением комбайнов, удельный вес этих работ значительно увеличится и достигнет также 80—85%.
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Date submitted1951-07-29
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Date accepted1951-09-25
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Date published1952-12-23
О выборе системы разработки и способа управления горным давлением в условиях западного крыла Подмосковного бассейна
- Authors:
- Unknown
В последнее десятилетие угольная промышленность Подмосковного бассейна бурно развивается. К концу 1950 г. добыча угля в Подмосковном бассейне увеличилась в три раза по сравнению с довоенным уровнем. В ближайшие годы темпы роста угольной промышленности будут значительно выше темпов, достигнутых в послевоенную пятилетку. В Подмосковном бассейне широким фронтом ведется шахтное строительство. Осваиваются новые месторождения западного крыла бассейна, залегающие в более сложных гидрогеологических условиях, чем месторождения южного крыла. В настоящей статье освещается ряд вопросов, касающихся выбора системы разработки, ее элементов и способа управления горным давлением применительно к условиям буроугольных месторождений западного крыла Подмосковного бассейна.