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Date submitted2024-05-28
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Date accepted2024-11-07
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Date published2024-12-25
Methods of intensification of pipeline transportation of hydraulic mixtures when backfilling mined-out spaces
The paper presents an analysis of the advantages and limitations of additional measures to intensify the transportation of the backfill hydraulic mixture flow. The results of the analysis of the conditions for using pumping equipment to move flows with different rheological properties are shown. Generalizations of the methods for influencing the internal resistance of backfill hydraulic mixtures by means of mechanical activation, as well as increasing fluidity due to the use of chemical additives are given. The article presents the results of studies confirming the feasibility of using pipes with polymer lining, which has proven its efficiency in pumping flows of hydraulic mixtures with different filler concentrations. An analytical model of hydraulic mixture movement in the pipeline of the stowage complex has been developed. The trends in pressure change required to ensure the movement of hydraulic mixture in pipelines of different diameters are exponential, provided that the flow properties are constant. The effect of particle size on the motion mode of the formed heterogeneous flow, as well as on the distribution of flow density over the cross-section, characterizing the stratification and change in the rheological properties of the backfill hydraulic mixture, is assessed. An analytical model of centralized migration of the dispersed phase of the hydraulic mixture flow is formulated, describing the effect of turbulent mixing of the flow on the behavior of solid particles. An assessment of the secondary dispersion of the solid fraction of the hydraulic mixture, which causes a change in the consistency of the flow, was performed. The studies of the influence of the coefficient of consistency of the flow revealed that overgrinding of the fractions of the filler of the hydraulic mixture contributes to an increase in the required pressure in the pipeline system.
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Date submitted2021-02-20
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Date accepted2021-10-18
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Date published2021-12-16
Thermal protection implementation of the contact overheadline based on bay controllers of electric transport traction substations in the mining industry
The article presents the principle of thermal protection of the contact overheadlineand substantiates the possibility of practical implementation of this principle for rail electric transport in the mining industry. The algorithm for the implementation of modern digital protection of the contact overhead line as one of the functions of the controller is described. A mathematical model of thermal protection is proposed, which follows from the solution of the heat balance equation. The model takes into account the coefficient of the electrical networktopology, as well as the coefficient of consumption of the current-carrying core of the cable, which determines the reduction in the conducting section from contact erosion and the growth of oxide films. Corrections for air flows are introduced when receiving data from an external anemometer, via telemechanics protocol. The mathematical model was tested by writing a real thermal protection program in the C programming language for the bay controller, based on the circuitry of which is the STM32F407IGT6 microcontroller for the microcontroller unit. Verification tests were carried out on a serial bay controller in 2020. The graphs for comparing the calculated and actual values of temperatures, with different flow rates of the current-carrying conductor of the DC cable, are given. To obtain data, telemechanics protocols IEC 60870-104 and Modbus TCP, PLC Segnetics SMH4 were used.
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Date submitted2020-05-21
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Date accepted2020-10-05
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Date published2020-11-24
Method of calculating pneumatic compensators for plunger pumps with submersible drive
- Authors:
- Eduard O. Timashev
One of the most promising ways to improve the efficiency of mechanized oil production is a plunger pump with a submersible drive, which allows obtaining harmonic reciprocating movement of the plunger. In the pumping process of well products by plunger pumps, oscillations in the velocity and pressure of the liquid in the lifting pipes occur, which lead to an increase in cyclic variable loads on the plunger, a decrease in the drive life period and the efficiency of the pumping unit. To eliminate the pulsation characteristics of the plunger pump and increase the reliability indicators of the pumping unit (in particular, the overhaul period), pneumatic compensators can be used. A method for calculating the optimal technological parameters of a system of deep pneumatic compensators for plunger pumping units with a submersible drive, based on mathematical modeling of hydrodynamic processes in pipes, has been developed. Calculations of the forming flow velocity and pressure in the lifting pipes of submersible plunger units equipped with pneumatic compensators (PC) have been carried out. Influence of the PC technological parameters on the efficiency of smoothing the oscillations of velocity and pressure in the pipes has been analyzed. Non-linear influence of the charging pressure and PC total volume on the efficiency of their work has been established. Optimal pressure of PC charging, corresponding to the minimum pressure in the tubing during the pumping cycle for the considered section of the tubing, is substantiated. Two ultimate options of PC system placement along the lifting pipes are considered. In the first option, PC are placed sequentially directly at the outlet of the plunger pump, in the second - evenly along the lift. It is shown that the first option provides the minimum amplitude of pressure oscillations at the lower end of the tubing and, accordingly, variable loads on the pump plunger. Nature of the pressure and flow velocity oscillations in the tubing at the wellhead for both options of PC placement has similar values .
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Date submitted2019-03-13
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Date accepted2019-09-19
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Date published2020-02-25
Specifying the technical state limit value of the pump pulp without disassembling
The northern part of the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is rich in vast deposits of diamonds. These deposits are developed by the mining company “Almazy Anabara”, which is engaged in the extraction of diamonds at seasonal processing plants using various technological equipment. One of the key types of equipment is the pulp pump of a foreign company “KETO”. The work of pulp pumps of this company in the enrichment of diamond-containing raw materials is accompanied by intensive hydroabrasive wear of their impellers, the service life of which usually does not exceed three months. In practice, untimely replacement of a worn impeller can lead to emergency breakdowns of sealing elements and bearings, which is explained by super-permissible deflections of the shaft of pumping equipment arising from a significant unbalance of the rotor. The main cause of breakdown of slurry pumps at “Almazy Anabara” seasonal processing plants is the inability to quickly identify their ultimate technical condition, the key sign of which is the maximum wear of the impeller. The seasonal beneficiation plants of “Almazy Anabara” currently need a simple and at the same time reliable diagnostic sign of pulp pumps reaching their ultimate technical state, the identification of which can be quickly performed without disassembling and using complex equipment, which is very important when operating pumping equipment in short wash season on the Far North.
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Date submitted2020-01-09
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Date accepted2020-01-26
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Date published2020-02-25
Mining excavator working equipment load forecasting according to a fuzzy-logistic model
- Authors:
- V. S. Velikanov
Due to the fact that the loads occurring in the working equipment of mining excavators are determined by a large number of random factors that are difficult to represent by analytical formulas, for estimating and predicting loads the models must be introduced using non-standard approaches. In this study, we used the methodology of the theory of fuzzy logic and fuzzy pluralities, which allows to overcome the difficulties associated with the incompleteness and vagueness of the data in assessing and predicting the forces encountered in the working equipment of mining excavators, as well as with the qualitative nature of these data. As a result of computer simulation in the fuzzyTECH environment, data comparable with experimental studies were obtained to determine the level of loading of the main elements of the working equipment of mining excavators. Based on a representative sample, a statistical analysis of the data was performed, as a result of which the equation of linear multiple stress regression in the handle of mining excavators was obtained, which allows to make an accurate forecast of the loading of the working equipment of the excavator.
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Date submitted2019-03-18
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Date accepted2019-04-26
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Date published2019-08-23
Spatial Models Developed Using Laser Scanning at Gas Condensate Fields in the Northern Construction-Climatic Zone
Wide exploration and industrial exploitation of hydrocarbon fields in Yamal Peninsula pose in front of construction and mining companies critical problems of efficient construction at constantly evolving fields taking into account climatic and geocryological conditions of their location. Yamal Peninsula is characterized by unstable soils, the mobility of which has a substantial impact on the changes in spatial arrangement of field facilities, not only in the direct process of construction, but also during their scale-up and equipment overhaul. The paper examines implementation of 3D spatial arrangement modelling of industrial facilities into the process of construction and installation works at hydrocarbon fields in the northern construction-climatic zone. The purpose of implementing this method combined with 3D spatial modelling of equipment connections lies in reliability and safety enhancement of the facilities throughout their entire lifespan. Authors analyze statement and solution of the problem associated with alignment and installation of prefabricated equipment and pipelines, taking into account advanced technologies of 3D design and modelling. The study examines a 3D spatial model with the elements of equipment connection geometry; the model is related to existing production facilities at the field. Authors perform an analysis and in mathematical terms formulate the problem of optimal spatial arrangement for such models. The paper focuses on typical deviations, occurring in the installation process of constructions and connection facilities, their spatial arrangement is modelled. Possible solutions are offered, as well as an algorithm of their implementation at an operating field.
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Date submitted2018-09-04
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Date accepted2018-11-18
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Date published2019-02-22
Operation experience of centrifugal single-stage pumps in «ALROSA» Joint Stock Company
- Authors:
- N. P. Ovchinnikov
When mining diamond-bearing raw materials and further extracting diamonds from it in the joint-stock company ALROSA, which is a city-forming enterprise in the north-east of the Russian Federation, various pumping equipment is used, in particular, centrifugal single-stage pumps. In the present work, it is noted that the least reliable in terms of absence of failures of centrifugal single-stage pumps used in the joint-stock company ALROSA are the impellers, seals and bearing assemblies. Using linear correlation and regression analysis, it was found that the durability of the seals and bearing assemblies of the investigated pumps largely depends on the durability of their impellers. In the course of research, it was found that unbalancing the pump rotor due to excessive hydroabrasive wear of the impeller also leads to deformation and fracture of the shaft. In general, residual deformations and destructions are characteristic of the shafts of domestic pulp pumps of GrAT, GrT and Gr types. The most loaded sections of shafts of centrifugal single-stage pumps are installed. The most effective from the point of view of application among the pulp (ground, slurry and sand) pumps are pulp pumps of the Finnish company «Metso». When working on highly mineralized water (brines), the «X» type pumps have proven to be the best among centrifugal single-stage pumps.
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Date submitted2018-07-21
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Date accepted2018-09-03
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Date published2018-12-21
Possibilities of open eruption elimination by drilling tools
- Authors:
- P. Bujok
- M. Klempa
- M. Jakubcik
- J. Ryba
- M. Porzer
The most important raw materials for different industries are oil and natural gas. With increasing consumption, the demand for drilling and the quality of production increases. Therefore, the exploration and production of hydrocarbons requires not only first-class machinery and technological equipment, but also qualified personnel. Exploration and drilling, production of hydrocarbons, like any other industry, cannot avoid accidents, emergencies and catastrophes. The worst type of well accident is undoubtedly an open eruption of the extracted crude oil. Open eruption can lead to serious injuries to the rig personnel, damage and destruction of equipment, negative environmental impact and loss of crude oil. Exploratory drilling can cause the rise of pressure and its subsequent manifestations. During the first deep drilling, there may not be enough information about the drilled horizons. If the reservoir pressure in the production horizon is higher than the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the well (for example, drilling mud), the formation fluids flow into the well and move towards the surface, which causes open eruption. The rig personnel must be properly trained to be able to recognize the occurrence of rising pressure by various signs and to respond effectively to the situation. Sometimes, under the influence of the human factor or equipment failure, open eruption still occurs. The article discusses the possibilities of eliminating open eruptions with drilling tools.
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Date submitted2018-01-12
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Date accepted2018-03-08
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Date published2018-06-22
A method for controlling siltation of water catchments of district drainage systems of kimberlite mines
- Authors:
- N. P. Ovchinnikov
High contamination of mine water leads to intensive siltation of water catchments of district water drainage installations of kimberlite mines in Russia, because of which their pumping equipment periodically works in non-stationary regimes. At present, a number of known methods are used to limit the operation of pumping equipment in non-stationary modes: equipping the pump with a hand hoist to regulate the depth of lowering its suction pipeline into the sinkhole; preliminary dismantling of one of the two screen filters, mounted in the suction pipeline of the pump, which has smaller cells. Experience in the operation of water-drainage farms of kimberlite mines shows that these two methods allow to prevent the operation of pumping equipment in non-stationary modes only for a short period of time. A mine drainage installation is proposed, the technical result of which is the effective struggle against the silting of the water catchments of the district drainage systems of the kimberlite mines of the country.
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Date submitted2015-08-24
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Date accepted2015-10-16
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Date published2016-04-22
Ways to ensure reliability, safety and efficiency of the costruction and installation works when buildings and structures erecting by stabilizing process of the rocking cargo suspension
- Authors:
- L. A. Goldobina
- P. S. Orlov
Nondestructive optical methods for measuring of the «thick» films thickness of the order of 0,001-1,00 mm are analyzed. It is shown that using the laser beam radiation and modern optical and electronic schemes possible to decrease the time of single measurement to 1ms and less at the measuring frequency of 10-50 hz. The possibility of measuring thickness and spreading coefficient and evaporation kinetics of liquid films is demonstrated. A new computer method of the data processing aimed to determine the film thickness from the angle dependence of the laser beam reflection coefficient by the film is offered. The offered procedure and the experimental technique realizing it permits to decrease the thickness determination uncertainty to the order of ten.
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Date submitted2010-07-10
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Date accepted2010-09-15
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Date published2011-03-21
Reduction methods of high harmonics influence on the electric equipment operation
- Authors:
- Ya. E. Shklyarsky
- A. N. Skamin
This work contains brief analysis of high harmonics reduction methods. It is offered to make a choice between reduction methods of high harmonics influence on condenser batteries depending on factors of harmonics occurrence. Definition algorithm for the most effective method of high harmonics reduction on condenser batteries operation is created.
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Date submitted2008-11-01
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Date accepted2009-01-22
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Date published2009-12-11
Rate setting of electrical equipment reserve stocks on the enterprises of the gas main transport
- Authors:
- L. V. Vazhenina
Minimization of economic losses from downtime of equipment and, first of all, off-schedule (breakdowns, accidents) is an actual problem whose solution can be achieved by the development and creation of a reserve stocks (irreducible level) materials and spare parts of electrical equipment. As a result of the study and comparative analysis of different methods for determining the amount of the reserve stocks has been concluded that these approaches are not fully reflect the real needs of the enterprise. In this regard, has developed an optimal method for determining the amount of irreducible level of reserve stocks of electrical equipment, taking into account the rational order of delivery of equipment, spare parts.