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Date submitted2022-09-30
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Date accepted2023-02-13
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Date published2023-04-25
Hydrogeoecological conditions of technogenic groundwater in waste disposal sites
The specific hydrogeoecological conditions of aquifers of some technogenic formations, mainly iron ore skarn-magnetite and titanium-magnetite formations, are considered. The resulting wastes, which are stored in waste disposal sites during development of deposits, due to the impact of a number of factors (natural and technogenic) form technogenic waters. Waste disposal facilities are complex engineering structures (dumps and sludge storages), which in turn create their own hydrogeoecological conditions, which must be investigated in order to prevent and minimize environmental and economic damage caused by these objects to the aquatic environment. The paper presents long-term field and laboratory studies of the aquatic environment under the influence of a waste disposal facility in the Middle Urals – one of the largest tailings, representing a potential environmental and man-made hazard. This tailing dump contains tens of tons of waste – enrichment tailings and creates specific hydrogeoecological conditions on the territory. Based on many years of monitoring studies, an analysis of these conditions was carried out – the quality of groundwater affected by the tailings was assessed. It is shown that groundwater is of technogenic nature, i.e. are man-made waters that have a significant impact on the surface and underground hydrospheres of the territory.
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Date submitted2021-04-15
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Date accepted2021-07-27
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Date published2021-10-21
Analysis of the application and impact of carbon dioxide media on the corrosion state of oil and gas facilities
Products of several currently operated production facilities (Bovanenkovskoye, Urengoyskoye oil and gas condensate fields, etc.) contain an increased amount of corrosive CO 2 . Effect of CO 2 on the corrosion of steel infrastructure facilities is determined by the conditions of its use. Carbon dioxide has a potentially wide range of applications at oil and gas facilities for solving technological problems (during production, transportation, storage, etc.). Each of the aggregate states of CO 2 (gas, liquid and supercritical) is used and affects the corrosion state of oil and gas facilities. Article analyzes the results of simulation tests and evaluates the corrosion effect of CO 2 on typical steels (carbon, low-alloy and alloyed) used at field facilities. The main factors influencing the intensity of carbonic acid corrosion processes in the main conditions of hydrocarbon production with CO 2 , storage and its use for various technological purposes are revealed. Development of carbon dioxide corrosion is accompanied and characterized by the localization of corrosion and the formation of defects (pitting, pits, etc.). Even alloyed steels are not always resistant in the presence of moisture and increased partial pressures of CO 2 , especially in the presence of additional factors of corrosive influence (temperature, aggressive impurities in gas, etc.).
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Date submitted2020-06-14
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Date accepted2020-06-14
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Date published2020-06-30
Geochemical approach in assessing the technogenic impact on soils
- Authors:
- Galina I. Sarapulova
The soil assessment was carried out in the technogenically-affected area of Irkutsk Oblast with the geochemical approach as a key geoecological method using physical and chemical techniques of analysis and ecodiagnostics. Diagnostic signs of the disturbed natural properties of the soil were revealed up to a depth of 40 cm in the profile based on macro- and micromorphometric parameters. The content of heavy metals (HM) – Pb, Zn, Hg, and Cu with an excess of standards was determined, and empirical HM – pH correlations were obtained by statistical clustering of the data array. The contributions of additional factors affecting the chemical element distribution in the soil layer were investigated. Significant soil contamination with sulfates and the possibility of implementing the ion-exchange of HM andfor element immobilization were revealed. It was shown that reactions with sulfates and the influence of pH, HM exchange processes involving mobile K and P can determine the nature of the described chemical element distribution in the multi-factor-contaminated technogenic soil. However, the effectiveness of such types of interaction is different for each metal and also depends on the quantitative ratio of substances and soil characteristics, even under a minor change in pH. Two-parameter correlations of HM distribution in sulfate-contaminated soils confirmed the different degrees of involvement of chemical elements in these types of interactions. The results obtained and the identified factors are of applied significance and can be used as the basis for geoecological differentiation of the contaminated soil, as well as for determining local geochemical fields in the technogenesis zone. Areas of advanced research are related to three-dimensional modeling for a more complete study of the cause-and-effect relationships of geochemical parameters.
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Date submitted2019-01-31
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Date accepted2022-12-02
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Date published2020-02-25
The relationship of fracture toughness coefficients and geophysical characteristics of rocks of hydrocarbon deposits
This paper contains the results of laboratory tests to determine the fracture toughness coefficient K IC of rocks for terrigenous and carbonate objects by three methods. The tests were carried out by different methods due to the lack of a standard method for determining the fracture toughness characteristics of rocks in Russia. We used the following methods for determining the K IC coefficient: the extension of core specimens with an annular fracture, the action of a concentrated load on a beam specimen with a fracture and the method of bending semi-circular samples with a fracture according to ISRM recommendations. The paper presents the relationship of the fracture toughness coefficients with the P-wave velocity and porosity. The obtained dependencies characterize the general trend of changing for the studied parameter and can be used in the design of hydraulic fracturing in the fields for which tests were conducted.
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Date submitted2015-12-10
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Date accepted2016-02-18
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Date published2016-12-23
Engineering and technical measures to improve reliability of power supply to construction facilities
- Authors:
- P. S. Orlov
The paper examines an issue of ensuring reliable power supply to construction facilities, proposes ways to reduce losses in distribution networks and improve power supply reliability. The primary focus is on increasing the transmission capability of power distribution networks and improving power supply reliability and safety of single-phase electricity consumers. Engineering and technical proposal belongs to the field of electrical engineering and in particular concerns power supply to single-phase consumers from three-phase networks, including construction industry consumers, and can be used in three-phase three-, four- and five-wives alternating current power distribution networks.
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Date submitted2014-09-10
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Date accepted2014-11-23
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Date published2015-06-26
Navigation and time support management systems by highly dynamic moving objects
- Authors:
- D. A. Pervukhin
- S. V. Kolesnichenko
Researched topical issues of improving the accuracy of the application of highdynamic aircraft used for the purpose of mineral exploration, environmental monitoring, security, environmental and fire safety, as well as the decisions of other special tasks. The possible variants of construction of control systems of dynamic objects on the basis of integration of traditional inertial navigation systems and user equipment of a network of satellite navigation systems. Justified some schematics, technical and constructive solutions for development of advanced navigation equip-ment of the aircraft.
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Date submitted2013-07-03
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Date accepted2013-09-18
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Date published2014-03-17
Approach to the conduct of monitoring studies in the area of the mineral and raw complex objects using remote sensing
- Authors:
- T. A. Petrova
The article gives a brief description of the spacecraft used to monitor the environment in the vicinity of industrial facilities mineral complex. Describes the basic uses of satellite data for assessing the impact of objects mineral complex on the components of the environment.
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Date submitted2008-11-14
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Date accepted2009-01-04
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Date published2009-12-11
Intangible assets are the most important reserve for efficiency upgrading of enterprises engaged in the field of mineral resources utilization
- Authors:
- E. A. Shelkov
The role of intangible assets in activities of enterprises engaged in the field of this country’s mineral resources utilization is considered. Their insignificant specific weight in assets is pointed out as well as their slight reactivation in economic turnover and respectively in drawing of profit by domestic enterprises of Mineral and Raw Materials Complex. Basic reasons of the fact why at present intangible assets are one of little used reserves for increasing efficiency of enterprises carrying out activities in the field of mineral resources utilization are analyzed. Principal directions of intangible assets of MRMC enterprises record keeping, evaluation and use are suggested on the basis of gained world experience.
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Date submitted2008-11-01
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Date accepted2009-01-22
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Date published2009-12-11
Rate setting of electrical equipment reserve stocks on the enterprises of the gas main transport
- Authors:
- L. V. Vazhenina
Minimization of economic losses from downtime of equipment and, first of all, off-schedule (breakdowns, accidents) is an actual problem whose solution can be achieved by the development and creation of a reserve stocks (irreducible level) materials and spare parts of electrical equipment. As a result of the study and comparative analysis of different methods for determining the amount of the reserve stocks has been concluded that these approaches are not fully reflect the real needs of the enterprise. In this regard, has developed an optimal method for determining the amount of irreducible level of reserve stocks of electrical equipment, taking into account the rational order of delivery of equipment, spare parts.