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Date submitted2023-02-28
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Date accepted2024-03-05
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Date published2024-04-25
Assessment of the contribution of Precambrian deposits in forming the petroleum potential of the eastern part of the Volga-Urals basin using results of modeling
- Authors:
- Dmitrii D. Kozhanov
- Mariya Bolshakova
Consideration is given to results of geochemical analysis of organic matter and oils of the Proterozoic (the RF-V complex) and the Paleozoic (the pay intervals D2, D3, C1-2) of the eastern part of the Volga-Urals petroleum basin. The obtained data is corroborated by results of 2D basin modeling along four regional profiles two of which are situated in the Kama and two in the Belaya parts of the Kama-Belaya aulacogen. An update is given to earlier data on degree of catagenetic alteration of oil/gas source rocks of the Riphean-Vendian play, maps of catagenesis are constructed. New evidence is provided concerning presence of Precambrian oils in the Paleozoic plays. The oils under investigation are mixed – those formed from generation products of the Precambrian (Riphean, Vendian) and Paleozoic (Devonian and Early Carboniferous) source rock intervals. The results of modeling have shown that the principal source rock intervals in the RF-V play of the Kama part of the Kama-Belaya aulacogen are deposits of the Kaltasy formation of the Lower Riphean and the Vereshchagino formation of the Upper Vendian, while in the Belaya part these are rocks of the Kaltasy, Kabakov, Olkhovo, Priyutovo, Shikhan and Leuza formations of the Riphean and the Staropetrovo formation of the Vendian. It is found that the interval of the main oil and gas window increases in the southeastward direction. In both depressions of the Kama-Belaya aulacogen, a single oil play is distinguished that functions within the stratigraphic interval from the Riphean to the Lower Carboniferous. As the principal petroleum source rock intervals within this play, Riphean-Vendian deposits are considered, reservoirs are confined to the Riphean carbonate complex, Upper Vendian and Middle Devonian clastic deposits, while the Upper Devonian – Tournaisian deposits serve as the upper seal.
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Date submitted2022-10-29
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Date accepted2023-10-25
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Date published2024-04-25
Assessment of rock massif sustainability in the area of the underground research laboratory (Nizhnekanskii Massif, Enisei site)
The study presents the results of the research on geodynamic and geological conditions of the Enisei site (Krasnoyarsk Krai), chosen for the construction of an underground research laboratory. The laboratory is being built at a depth of 500 m to assess the suitability of the rock mass for burying high-level radioactive waste. The rocks consist of weakly fractured gneisses, granites, and dikes of metadolerites. Field observations were conducted on bedrock outcrops. They included the determination of rock mass quality indicators, measurement of rock fracturing, and a rating classification of stability using N.Barton's method. GNSS observations were also made to monitor surface deformations. These data were used to develop a three-dimensional structural model, including lithology, fault disruptions, intrusive bodies, elastic-strength properties of rocks, and the sizes of zones influenced by faulting. It will serve as a basis for boundary conditions and the construction of three-dimensional variational models of stress-strain states, identifying zones of concentration of hazardous stresses, and planning in situ geomechanical experiments in underground mines of the laboratory. The obtained values of the modified QR index for the main types of rocks allowed their classification as stable and moderately stable, corresponding to strong and very strong rocks on Barton's scale and the massif rating according to geomechanical classification.
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Date submitted2021-01-19
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Date accepted2021-07-27
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Date published2021-10-21
Geological and structural characteristics of deep-level rock mass of the Udachnaya pipe deposit
- Authors:
- Evgenii V. Serebryakov
- Andrei S. Gladkov
For hard rock massifs, structural disturbance is a key indicator of mining structure stability. The presence of intersecting structural elements in the massif reduces rock strength and leads to formation of potential collapse structures. In addition to that, disjunctive deformations that penetrate rock strata serve as channels for fluid migration and connect aquifers into a single system. It was established that the largest of them –faults of east-northeastern, northeastern and northwestern directions – form the kimberlite-bearing junction of the Udachnaya pipe. These faults represent zones of increased fracturing, brecciation and tectonic foliation, distinguished from adjacent areas by increased destruction of the rock mass. Specifics of tectonic fracture distribution within structural and lithological domains are determined by the presence of multidirectional prevailing systems of tectonic fracturing, as well as by differences in their quantitative characteristics. With some exceptions, the main systems form a diagonal network of fractures (northeastern – northwestern orientation), which is typical for larger structural forms – faults. Despite the differences in dip orientation of the systems, most of them correspond to identified directions, which is typical for both kimberlites and sedimentary strata. Overall disturbance of the massif, expressed in terms of elementary block volume, reaches its peak in the western ore body. For such type of deposits, friction properties of fracture structures have average values. Consideration of geological and structural data in the design and development of new levels of the deposit will allow to maintain the necessary balance between efficiency and safety of performed operations.
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Date submitted2015-10-08
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Date accepted2015-12-11
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Date published2016-08-22
Rare metal granites in the structures of the Russian sector of Pacific ore belt
- Authors:
- V. I. Alekseev
Data are presented on the geology of areas of rare metal granites proliferation in the Russian sector of the Pacific Ore Belt that make one take a fresh look at the East Asian granitoid area to update its metallogeny. History is reviewed of studying rare metal granites of the Russian Far East. As a rule, these are found in the vicinity of major tungsten-stanniferous ore deposits, except much later than discovering the former, at the stages of their assessment and survey. Rare earth granites are usually missed by the geologists during the early stages of regional geological surveys due to their small size, weak eroding and external similarity with earlier granites. Using the examples of the Central Polousny, Badzhal and Kuyviveem-Pyrekakay regions the structural and geological conditions are characterized of localization of rare metal granites. Comparative analysis of geological situations made it possible to formulate the areal character of manifestation of rare metal granites; their confinedness to late Mesozoic orogenic arched uplifts of bogen structures above deep granitoid batholiths; positioning in the areas where longitudinal and transversal deep laying faults cross; gravitation to the environs of pre-Cambrian median masses.
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Date submitted2009-10-12
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Date accepted2009-12-29
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Date published2010-09-22
Types and mechanisms of geodynamic hazard in mineral deposits mining and exploitation of buried and surface engineer constructions
- Authors:
- A. N. Shabarov
It is shown that major emergencies in mineral deposits mining and in exploitation of buried and surface engineer constructions are attributed to active faults. Classification of hazardous zones has been developed. The mechanisms of influence of geodynamic hazard in coal mines and pipeline exploitation were determined. The technology of reduction of geodynamic risk was suggested.
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Date submitted2009-10-20
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Date accepted2009-12-25
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Date published2010-09-22
Scientific-methodical foundation for geodynamic safety of oil and gas objects
- Authors:
- Yu. O. Kuzmin
It was shown on example of a number of deposits that space contemporaneity of emergency situations at wells and pipeline systems to fault zones finds its natural explanation within the concepts of existence of SD processes in such zones. In such situation it is essential to conduct very thoughtful system of diagnostics of crust fields with fluctuation deformation characteristics. For that purpose follow-up realization of three interconnected procedures must be conducted: detailed and measurement-assured monitoring (geodynamic test-area), complex several-variant interpretation of results of the monitoring and selection of different scenarios of possible negative contour, determination of the level of geodynamic risk, forecasting the environmental, social and economic consequences, and formulating strategies for preventive arrangements.
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Date submitted2009-10-13
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Date accepted2009-12-14
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Date published2010-09-22
The evaluation of geodynamic consequences оf long-term exploration of lower cretaceous sediments at the Yamburg oil-gas condensate field with join of additional wells
Within the framework of the engineering design of the join up of additional wells of Lower Cretaceous sediments at the Yamburg oil-gas condensate field the evaluation of geodynamic consequences of long-term exploitation of the mentioned field was performed, as well as the hazardous geodynamic process permanent survey program was developed.
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Date submitted2009-10-21
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Date accepted2009-12-05
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Date published2010-09-22
Ecologycal and geodynamic safety and problems in industrial ecological monitoring at objects of an oil-gas complex
- Authors:
- A. I. Nikonov
- O. V. Luk"yanov
This article is focused on the influence of modern geodynamics on landscape and its structure. Modern geodynamical processes manifest in anomalous rock deforming in the fault zones. Their natural or technogenic activation causes the appearance of dangerous geological processes. It can be taken into account only by geodynamical monitoring on the objects of oil and gas industry.
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Date submitted2009-10-18
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Date accepted2009-12-05
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Date published2010-09-22
Assessment of the role of geodynamic factor in the accident rate of pipeline systems
- Authors:
- E. K. Melnikov
- A. N. Shabarov
The authors relate to the geodynamically active faults those faults with continuous up to present time low-amplitude movements which lead to the destructurization both of bedding rocks and of Quarternary deposits. The electrogeochemical processes proceeding in the zones of such faults, promote the metal corrosion that basically is the cause of increasing a few tens of times of specific accident rate at sites of active faults crossing with pipelines.
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Date submitted2009-08-17
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Date accepted2009-10-18
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Date published2010-02-01
Geotechnical engineering and hydrogeological specifics of estimate high-rise buildings construction and operation conditions (in terms of local zone on the right bank of Neva river)
- Authors:
- A. M. Zhukova
In the paper specificity of geotechnical engineering conditions in the local zone of the right river Neva bank are considered. The influence of underground topographies of Pre-Quaternary soils roof formed by paleovalleys on the specificity of engineering geological profile is analyzed. Influence of tectonic faults on physical and mechanical properties of Upper Kotlin clays (Upper Vendian) which it is planned to use as the basis for high-rise constructions is considered. Negative influence of Low Kotlin (Upper Vendian) pressure water-bearing horizon on clay properties in the construction foundation and structural materials is investigated.
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Date submitted2009-07-27
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Date accepted2009-09-30
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Date published2010-04-22
Results of repeated geodetic observations аt the Мukhanovsk technogenic geodynamic polygon
Results of repeated leveling observations on the geodynamic range, organised on the Muhanovsky oil field (Samara region) are presented. It is shown that the most abnormal vertical displacement of a terrestrial surface (120 mm) are dated to fault to a zone located in the western part of the field and represent an essential danger to objects of the infrastructure of an oil field. Vertical displacement along the profile crossing Otradny town, located at oil field, are insignificant and it makes value of 2 to3 mm.
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Date submitted2008-10-15
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Date accepted2008-12-05
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Date published2009-12-11
Prospects of nickel industry in the Urals in the light of ore field structure study in supergene nickel deposits
Tectonic fractures of meridian spread, masked by block system of neotectonic breaks, play the leading role in structural control of nickel mineralization in supergene nickel deposits in the Urals. The deposits have long-term genesis and polygenic character. They are characterized by intensive tectonic and hydrothermal workup of Paleozoic substrate and block structure with small amplitude of vertical displacement. All of them have a two-floor structure, where upper supergene floor has a «background» of lower hydrothermal floor. This fact considerably increases the field of geological prospecting and searching of new oxide-silicate nickel deposits in the Uralian region.