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Date submitted2018-06-27
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Date accepted2018-09-18
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Date published2018-12-25
MIGRATION FORMS OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE INTRUSIVE ROCKS OF THE EASTERN DESERT (EL SELA AREA, EGYPT)
- Authors:
- M. M. Ghoneim
- E. G. Panova
In the Egypt's Eastern Desert intrusive rocks with U-REE mineralization (two-mica granites, microgranites, dolerites, and bostonites) are developed. We estimated the content of chemical elements in reference samples of intrusive rocks and also in their water-soluble (colloid-salt) fraction. This fraction is water-extracted from the rock under certain conditions. The rock sample and its colloid-salt fraction are analyzed using ICP-MS. The chemical characteristic of the extracted fraction reflects the mobile migrating part of the chemical elements in the composition of the rocks. Comparison of the obtained data allows us to estimate the share of migrating and weakly migrating elements.
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Date submitted2018-07-05
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Date accepted2018-08-31
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Date published2018-12-25
THE LAKE IL’MEN CLINT, RUSSIA: A POTENTIAL DEVONIAN GEOPARK
- Authors:
- John E.A. Marshall
- David J. Siveter
The Devonian rocks exposed on the shores of Lake Il’men, some 150 km SSE of Saint Petersburg, are important historically in the context of the recognition of the Devonian System. Moreover, they provide unique potential for a range of geological studies today. The non-geological heritage of the area – its flora, fauna, past and current industrial use and cultural links – is also a very worthy one. Since 2001 the area has been recognised asa Specially Protected Natural Territory. A ‘Geopark’ is a unified area of local or wider extent that has been so designated based on its significant geological and associated natural and cultural heritage. There are many positive criteria for considering that the Lake Il’men area could acquire the appellation of a Geopark. Scientific investigations dedicated to understanding the geodynamical conditions operating at Lake Il’men would resolve how to best to help promote the future preservation of this unique natural area.
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Date submitted2018-07-04
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Date accepted2018-09-17
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Date published2018-12-25
SECONDARY DISPERSION HALOS AS A PROSPECTING INDICATOR OF PLATINUM METAL MINERALIZATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KAMENUSHINSKY MASSIF (MIDDLE URALS)
- Authors:
- A. M. Minibaev
The paper discusses the results of bulk rock geochemical sampling of the Kamenushinsky massif eluvial-deluvial deposits and the massifs bedrocks spectral analysis data. Evaluation of secondary dispersion halos using two-dimensional modeling and multivariate statistic processing of the results have allowed establishing the spatial collocation of platinum and chromium anomalies and high correlation between these elements. These facts confirm the considerable contribution of chromite-platinum mineralization to the primary ores of the entire Kamenushinsky massif. The geological observations and rocks chemical composition analysis has revealed that uranium and barium anomalies are associated with the areas of gabbro and granitoids dike bodies. The insignificant overlapping of uranium and barium anomalies with platinum and chromium ones, as well as the negative correlation between these two groups of elements, is inconsistent with earlier conclusions on the spatial association of platinum mineralization with gabbro and granitoids dikes and a possible connection between these dikes and platinum metal mineralization zones.
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Date submitted2018-07-05
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Date accepted2018-09-07
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Date published2018-12-25
THE DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS ABOUT THE STRUCTURE AND OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL OF NEPA-BOTUOBA ANTECLISE AND ADJACENT PART OF PREDPATOMSKII TROUGH
- Authors:
- R. F. Sevostyanova
- V. S. Sitnikov
We considered various alternatives for tectonic zoning of the southwestern territories of The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Since 1975, the northern part of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise has been considered the structure controlling the oil and gas bearing area of the same name. The Nepa-Botuoba oil and gas region is one of the unique territories of the ancient Siberian platform. Its hydrocarbon potential is only partially explored. Analysis of the evolution of ideas about the structure of the Nepa-Botuoba anteclise shows that as new data about its deep structure appear, the reserves of oil and gas increase almost synchronously. Currently, almost the entire resource base of the republic’s oil and gas industry is concentrated here.
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Date submitted2018-07-21
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Date accepted2018-09-03
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Date published2018-12-25
POSSIBILITIES OF OPEN ERUPTION ELIMINATION BY DRILLING TOOLS
- Authors:
- P. Bujok
- M. Klempa
- M. Jakubcik
- J. Ryba
- M. Porzer
The most important raw materials for different industries are oil and natural gas. With increasing consumption, the demand for drilling and the quality of production increases. Therefore, the exploration and production of hydrocarbons requires not only first-class machinery and technological equipment, but also qualified personnel. Exploration and drilling, production of hydrocarbons, like any other industry, cannot avoid accidents, emergencies and catastrophes. The worst type of well accident is undoubtedly an open eruption of the extracted crude oil. Open eruption can lead to serious injuries to the rig personnel, damage and destruction of equipment, negative environmental impact and loss of crude oil. Exploratory drilling can cause the rise of pressure and its subsequent manifestations. During the first deep drilling, there may not be enough information about the drilled horizons. If the reservoir pressure in the production horizon is higher than the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid in the well (for example, drilling mud), the formation fluids flow into the well and move towards the surface, which causes open eruption. The rig personnel must be properly trained to be able to recognize the occurrence of rising pressure by various signs and to respond effectively to the situation. Sometimes, under the influence of the human factor or equipment failure, open eruption still occurs. The article discusses the possibilities of eliminating open eruptions with drilling tools.
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Date submitted2018-06-28
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Date accepted2018-09-15
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Date published2018-12-25
CAUSES OF FLUID ENTRY ABSENCE WHEN DEVELOPING WELLS OF SMALL DEPOSITS (on the example of the Khadum-Batalpashinsky horizon)
- Authors:
- R. A. Gasumov
A promising direction for the development of the oil and gas industry is the drilling of small hydrocarbon fields, which constitute two thirds of Russia's total hydrocarbon reserves. When choosing an effective method of development and assessing the potential of small fields in Eastern Ciscaucasia, which are characterized by complex mining and geological conditions with abnormally high reservoir pressures and temperatures, it is necessary to determine the optimal amount of oil production taking into account the flow of edge water under elastic water drive. The article discusses the reasons for the lack of inflows of reservoir fluids in wells during their development, which are due to complex unconventional fractured clay reservoirs in the lower Maykop deposit and the presence of loose rocks in the section of the reservoir. The results of studies of the influence of technological and geological factors on the poroperm properties of the Khadum-Batalpashinsky reservoir are described, zones of rock softening are revealed, the intervals with bottom water and their influence on the well development process are specified. It has been established that the state of the hydrodynamic system of the field depends on the introduction of the bottom and edge waters of the sedimentation basin of the East Stavropol Depression. Oil deposits in the Khadum and Batalpashinskaya suites initially work in an elastic and then in an elastic-water drive mode. The main reasons for the lack of inflows of formation fluids into wells are the low reservoir properties of clay fractured reservoir rocks; clogging of the fracture capacity of reservoir rocks at the drilling in as a result of penetration of drilling mud and its filtrate deep into the reservoir; inflow of formation water from an overlying aquifer with abnormally high formation pressure; the closure of cracks in the clay reservoir due to a sharp decrease in pressure caused by the lowering of the slotted filter into the well; secondary dissection of productive layers by perforation during repression on the formation in a liquid medium with the presence of a solid phase and high density.
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Date submitted2018-07-21
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Date accepted2018-09-14
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Date published2018-12-25
NATURAL VENTILATION OF GAS SPACE IN RESERVOIR WITH INTERNAL FLOATING ROOF
- Authors:
- M. G. Karavaichenko
- N. M. Fathiev
The article deals with safe operation issues of vertical steel reservoirs with an internal floating roof when storing volatile oil products. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of ventilation openings area and wind speed on the duration of explosive state of vertical reservoirs with an internal floating roof. The influence of ventilation pipes' dimensions and the wind speed on the duration of explosive state of the reservoir has been studied. Method for calculating this time is proposed. It is shown that natural ventilation of the reservoir gas space is caused by the effect of two forces, which are formed due to: 1) the density difference between the vapor-air mixture in the reservoir and outside air; 2) wind pressure occurring on the roof of the reservoir. An algorithm for calculating the duration of reservoir being in an explosive state with wind pressure and no wind is obtained. The greater the difference in geodetic marks of the central and peripheral nozzles, the more efficient the ventilation. This distance will be greatest if the lower ventilation pipes are located on the upper belt of the reservoir or the reservoir is equipped with an air drain. Increase in wind speed of more than 10 m/s does not significantly affect the duration of the reservoir being in an explosive state. Increasing the diameter of the central nozzle from 200 to 500 mm can significantly reduce the duration of the reservoir degassing in windless weather.
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Date submitted2018-06-27
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Date accepted2018-08-31
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Date published2018-12-25
NUMERICAL MODELING OF A STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF A GAS PIPELINE WITH COLD BENDING OFFSETS ACCORDING TO IN-LINE INSPECTION
Knowledge of the current stress-strain state of any section of the pipeline allows you to make informed decisions on its operation, maintenance and repair, as well as on the prediction of the technical condition. The task of determining the characteristics of the stress-strain state of a gas pipeline section that has cold bend offsets (CBO) according to in-line inspection (ILI) is considered. The bent part of CBO is characterized by the presence of residual stresses and deformations in the wall of the offset, which contribute to the overall level of the stress-strain state of the gas pipeline operating under external and internal loads. Using the results of in-line diagnostics, numerical modeling and a solution, the change in the values of longitudinal stresses, is determined and the need to take into account residual stresses in the zone of elastic-plastic deformations of cold bend offsets is shown.
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Date submitted2018-07-18
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Date accepted2018-08-25
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Date published2018-12-25
DEVELOPMENT OF VIBROACOUSTIC MODULE FOR FINE FILTRATION OF DRILLING MUDS
- Authors:
- G. B. Fedorov
- O. L. Dudchenko
- D. S. Kurenkov
The issue of drilling mud multiple use is problematic. To reuse, the solution must be efficiently cleaned from solid particles according to the class of 0.04-0.07 mm. An analysis of existing technologies and equipment has shown that drilling mud regeneration schemes are rather difficult to operate and expensive. In world practice there has been a tendency to create universal equipment, which allows most complete cleaning cycle for a drilling mud in fine grades. The paper proposes an innovative vibroacoustic module for cleaning drilling muds from sludge. The creative element of the proposal is the impact of vibroacoustic oscillations on the drilling mud passing through the mesh element. At the same time, specific effects arise around the mesh, which increase the productivity and efficiency of the process. The design of the vibroacoustic apparatus and the principle of its operation are presented. An important element of the proposal is that the oscillation is created by pistons interconnected by rods and located on opposite sides of the mesh. This dipole system provides the excitation of variable pressures of different polarity before the mesh and after it. The results of industrial tests of the vibroacoustic module when servicing the BU-75-BrE drilling rig are presented. The dependence of the installation performance and efficiency on the amplitude of oscillations was found. The optimal dynamic range of exposure (from 5.5 to 6.5 mm) was determined. Analysis showed that in the composition of the cleaned drilling mud, the maximum particle size of the solid phase did not exceed 0.04 mm. The conducted industrial tests confirmed the possibility of using the vibroacoustic module for cleaning the washing fluid and developing a pit-free drilling technology on its basis.
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Date submitted2018-07-18
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Date accepted2018-09-22
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Date published2018-12-25
FORECASTING ROCK BURST HAZARD OF TECTONICALLY DISTURBED ORE MASSIF AT THE DEEP HORIZONS OF NIKOLAEVSKOE POLYMETALLIC DEPOSIT
- Authors:
- D. V. Sidorov
- M. I. Potapchuk
- A. V. Sidlyar
The subject of the research is the stress-strain and rock burst hazardous state of the ore massif of the Nikolaevskoe polymetallic deposit, formed under the influence of complex mining-geological and mining-technical factors. The purpose of the research is to establish the peculiarities of the formation of technogenic stress fields at the deposit, which is characterized by a block structure, a complex tectonic system and the presence of a large volume of developed spaces. Volumetric geodynamic modeling of the stress-strain state of the massif at different stages of the development of the deep horizons of the deposit was carried out by collecting information on the structure, properties and geodynamic state of the rock mass. The assessment of stress changes taking into account the effect of hypsometry, the configuration of the selvages, the physical-mechanical properties of the ore deposit and host rocks, the presence of tectonic disturbances was made using the developed numerical algorithms, the automation equipment of the initial data and the PRESS 3D URAL software. The simulation made it possible to establish that tectonic faults in the massif lead to a qualitative change in the stress-strain state in certain parts of the ore massif and in the pillars, namely, the reduction of stresses along the tectonic faults and their growth in nearby pillars. The identified features of the distribution of stresses in the tectonically disturbed rock massif of the Nikolaevskoe deposit will allow to identify in advance potentially hazardous areas both at the planning stage of mining operations and during development, as well as to work out effective rock burst measures to increase the safety of mining. The results of research can be used in enterprises with similar mining-geological and mining-technical conditions.
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Date submitted2018-07-12
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Date accepted2018-09-09
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Date published2018-12-25
APPLICATION OF THE THEORY OF WAVELETS FOR COMPRESSION AND FILTRATION OF GEOINFORMATION
- Authors:
- A. S. Yarmolenko
- O. V. Skobenko
The purpose of the article is to develop a detailed and accessible technology for the application of wavelets in the processing of geo-information, the subject of research is wavelet-based filtering and compression of geo-information. The research methodology is based on the modern theory of wavelets in the light of linear algebra. Research methods involve study and generalization, abstraction, formalization, mathematical modeling using computer programs compiled by the authors. After the introduction and formulation of the problem, the basic positions of linear algebra are presented, on which the content of the article is based when constructing orthonormal bases in one- and two-dimensional cases. First, the application of the general theory to the decomposition of the vector of initial data in the Haar and Shannon bases is given. Further, on the basis of the Haar basis, orthonormal bases of wavelet transforms and filtering information are constructed. The procedure for creating wavelet filters by a sequence of convolutions, the use of MSA analysis for constructing an orthonormal basis of the wavelet transform is considered. Implemented the practical possibility of wavelet filtering based on specific programs for modeling geo-information data fields and images, data compression and filtering. The result of the work is the methods of constructing orthonormal bases by various methods of wavelet transform, based on which algorithms and corresponding computer programs for geoinformation compression are compiled using the example of terrain and photographic images. The efficiency of geoinformation compression and noise filtering using wavelets was investigated. A method has been developed for determining the value of a filter depending on the accuracy of the initial geo-information, illustrated by the example of calculating the filter value for compressing information about the heights of the terrain. The same technique is recommended for image filtering.
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Date submitted2018-07-15
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Date accepted2018-09-07
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Date published2018-12-25
JUSTIFICATION OF RATIONAL METHODS FOR PROVISION OF AIR TO FACES OF OPERATING COAL MINES OF VIETNAM DURING DEEPENING OF MINING
- Authors:
- S. G. Gendler
- TKHE KHA NGUEN
Based on the analysis of the mining and geological conditions for developing coal deposits in Vietnam, the existing mining safety regulations, the application of methods for calculating the air supply of working and development faces using the methane factor and modern methods of mathematical modeling of the ventilation of mines threr was developed the procedure for analyzing the efficiency of air distribution management considering the proposed indicator - energy efficiency coefficient for ventilation systems, determined by the efficiency of air use and energy consumption. Relations have been obtained that determine the relationship between the aerodynamic resistance of negative regulators, the number of simultaneously developed working and development faces, the performance of main ventilation fans and the consumed electric power.
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Date submitted2018-07-12
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Date accepted2018-09-16
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Date published2018-12-25
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF TECHNOGENIC SOILS
- Authors:
- G. I. Sarapulova
The purpose of this study was to obtain diagnostic features and criteria for the distribution of heavy metals in technogenically altered soils in the area of industrial facilities, depending on their altered geochemical properties, which make it possible to fix chemical elements in landscapes (the formation of geochemical barriers). On the basis of the geoecological assessment, disturbance of the soil buffer properties, which is reflected in the ionic composition change, alkalization, pH increase, and sulfate-chloride salinization have been revealed. This forms the heavy metals alkaline barrier. For example, in case of Cu, Pb, Zn, and N, it contributes to their accumulation and subsequent concentration in the soil layer due to the exchange interactions between chemical elements and Na + , K + , Ca 2+ cations. Soil saturation with sulphates also increases the probability of metals demobilization in the soil layer. It has been shown that intra-sectional soil migration of oil products (one of the most common pollutants of industrial areas) and chemical elements occurs at a depth of 30-50 cm, where the oil products based on a clay sorption layer form a technogenic barrier. The direct correlation between the oil content in the soil and the amount of toxic sulphate and chloride salts was found. The set of identified factors forms technogenic geochemical barriers in the industrial production area, on which pollutants and chemical elements, including heavy metals, are demobilized. The revealed effects are the rationale for creating artificial geochemical barriers on the migration path of both pollutants and valuable components with the aim of their subsequent extraction from the soil when developing an appropriate extraction method.
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Date submitted2018-07-02
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Date accepted2018-09-04
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Date published2018-12-25
STRATEGIC PLANNING OF ARCTIC SHELF DEVELOPMENT USING FRACTAL THEORY TOOLS
- Authors:
- V. S. Vasiltsov
- V. M. Vasiltsova
The paper justifies the necessity to utilize new methods of strategic planning in oil and gas field exploitation in the Arctic shelf during the implementation of high-technology diversified model of development for oil and gas companies (OGC) based on principles and tools of fractal theory. It has been proved that despite its challenging conditions the Arctic represents not only resource potential of the country and a guarantee of national safety, but also a key driver of market self-identification and self-organization of OGCs. Identified and analyzed problems in institutional procurement of shelf development and utilized methods of strategic planning and project management, both on the levels of state and corporate governance, demonstrate that reductive approach of the fractal theory allows to take into account diversification of heterogeneous multicomponent project models, which can be reduced to a single management decision with inverse iterations of neural network modelling. Suggested approach is relevant for strategic planning not only on the stage of investment portfolio justification, but also for identification and assessment of project risks; ranking of projects according to the order of their implementation; back-and-forth management (monitoring and supervision) and project completion. It has been detected that such basic properties of the fractal as self-similarity, recurrence, fragmentation and correlation between all fractal dimensions allow to systematize chaotically changing values of market parameters in the Arctic shelf development project, which provides an opportunity to forecast market development with minimal prediction errors.
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Date submitted2018-07-22
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Date accepted2018-09-07
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Date published2018-12-25
GAME THEORY MODEL OF STATE INVESTMENT INTO TERRITORIES OF ADVANCED DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGIONS OF MINERAL RESOURCES SPECIALIZATION
- Authors:
- A. V. Kozlov
- A. B. Teslya
- S. A. Chernogorskii
Historically developed and non-compliant with modern conditions, the structure of industry placement and related inequality in economic development of certain territories are additional negative factors that hinder economic development of the country. Hence, the search for new organizational forms and methods of territorial development, facilitation of industrial growth in regions with mineral resources specialization become more and more relevant. Another no less important issue is justification of economic feasibility of using such tools and assessment of critical consequences of their application. Suggested by the authors, game theory model of state investment into territories of advanced development describes the method of limited resources distribution and becomes an instrument to assess the feasibility of investment into creation of advanced development territories under the conditions of insufficient information and actions of specific interest groups. Application of the suggested game theory model of state investment into creation of advanced development territories allows to forecast behavior of program participants, to model consequences of management decisions both for government structures and separate program participants.
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Date submitted2018-07-19
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Date accepted2018-09-21
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Date published2018-12-25
ADMINISTRATIVE METHODS OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION MANAGEMENT OF DEFICIENT TYPES OF MINERAL RAW MATERIALS
- Authors:
- V. Yu. Khatkov
- G. Yu. Boyarko
Import dependence of Russian consumers on certain types of mineral products: aluminum, manganese and chrome raw materials, titanium, zircon and tin concentrates, ferroniobium, fluorspar and others – increases the stability of many industries. The state regulation of import substitution is very effective, but only in the form of indirect (coordination, maintenance, promotion, supervision and control), and not direct methods. The following are used as tools for the administrative management of import substitution: the establishment of legal norms for the implementation of import substitution actions; coordination of actions of authorities and industry on import substitution; state control of railway transportation rates; limited government control over the pricing of import-dependent mineral products and services associated with them; financing of import substitution projects. In order to reduce import dependence, the following is proposed: to lower the charges for railway transportation of import-dependent mineral products sent for the needs of Russian consumers, primarily for oncoming import-export goods (boric acid, borax, tungsten ores); to manage the pricing of export-oriented mineral products through a system of import and export customs duties, which prevent the excessive export of scarce mineral raw materials in demand within the Customs Union and stimulate its sales in the domestic market.