ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF TECHNOGENIC SOILS
- Irkutsk National Research Technical University
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to obtain diagnostic features and criteria for the distribution of heavy metals in technogenically altered soils in the area of industrial facilities, depending on their altered geochemical properties, which make it possible to fix chemical elements in landscapes (the formation of geochemical barriers). On the basis of the geoecological assessment, disturbance of the soil buffer properties, which is reflected in the ionic composition change, alkalization, pH increase, and sulfate-chloride salinization have been revealed. This forms the heavy metals alkaline barrier. For example, in case of Cu, Pb, Zn, and N, it contributes to their accumulation and subsequent concentration in the soil layer due to the exchange interactions between chemical elements and Na + , K + , Ca 2+ cations. Soil saturation with sulphates also increases the probability of metals demobilization in the soil layer. It has been shown that intra-sectional soil migration of oil products (one of the most common pollutants of industrial areas) and chemical elements occurs at a depth of 30-50 cm, where the oil products based on a clay sorption layer form a technogenic barrier. The direct correlation between the oil content in the soil and the amount of toxic sulphate and chloride salts was found. The set of identified factors forms technogenic geochemical barriers in the industrial production area, on which pollutants and chemical elements, including heavy metals, are demobilized. The revealed effects are the rationale for creating artificial geochemical barriers on the migration path of both pollutants and valuable components with the aim of their subsequent extraction from the soil when developing an appropriate extraction method.
References
- Arinushkina E. V. Guide for chemical analysis of soils. Moscow: Izd-vo MGU, 1970, p. 487 (in Russian).
- Glazovskaya M.A. Problems and assessment method for the ecological and geochemical stability of soils. Pochvovedenie. 1999. N 1, p. 114-124 (in Russian).
- Davydova N.D. Landscape and geochemical barriers and their classification. Geografiya i prirodnye resursy. 2005. N 4, p. 24-30 (in Russian).
- Zaikanov V.G., Minakova T.B. Methodical bases of complex geoecological assessment of territories. Moscow: Nauka, 2008, p. 200 (in Russian).
- Zen'kov I.V. Review of foreign research in the field of mining ecology. Gornyi zhurnal. 2016. N 10, p. 96-99 (in Russian).
- Kasimov N.S., Borisenko E.N. Formation and development of the theory of geochemical barriers. Geochemical barriers in the supergene zone. Moscow: Nauka, 2002, p. 250 (in Russian).
- Trubetskoi K.N., Chanturiya V.A., Kaplunov D.R., Ryl'nikov M.V. Integrated field development and deep processing of mineral raw materials. Moscow: Nauka, 2010, p. 437 (in Russian).
- Carapulova G.I., Gantomor S. The influence of technogenesis on the geosystems stability in the context of urbanization. Estestvennye i tekhnicheskie nauki. 2010. N 3, p. 286-287 (in Russian).
- Slavikovskii O.V., Slavikovskii Yu.V., Valiev N.N. Deposit capacity in geotechnologies as a major factor of mining envi-ronmental impact. Izvestiya vuzov. Gornyi zhurnal. 2011. N 2, p. 70-75 (in Russian).
- Fomin S.I., Faul' A.A. Ways to reduce the environmental burden on mining regions. Zapiski Gornogo instituta. 2013. Vol. 203, p. 215-219 (in Russian).
- Chanturiya V.A., Kozlov A.P. Development of physical and chemical framework and creation of innovative technologies for the deep processing of technogenic mineral raw materials. Gornyi zhurnal. 2017. N 7, p. 79-84 (in Russian).
- Hu Zhengi, Wang Peijun, Li. Jing. Ecological Restoration of Abandoned Mine Land in China. Jornal of Resources and Ecology. 2012. N 3(4), p. 289-296.
- Li L. Release of cadmium, copper, lead from urban soils of Copebhagen. Environmental pollution. 2014. N 187, p. 90-97.
- Myga Pigte K.U. Landscape Management on post-Exploitation Land using the Example of the Silesian Region, Poland. Environmental and Socioeconomic Studies. 2014. Vol. 2(1), p. 1-8.
- Kloet S.P.V., Avery T.S., Kloe P.J.V., Milton G.R. Restoration ecology: aiding and abetting secondary succession on abandoned peat mines in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Canada. Mires and Peat. 2012. Vol. 10, p. 1-20.
- Perti R., Stein W., Dahmen D., Buschhit K. Sustainable follow us of recultivated surfaces. World of Mining – Surface and Underground. 2013. Vol. 65. N 2, p. 92-101.