This paper deals with the carbophos nanomedium, occupying the boundary region, but at the same time possessing its own features. Of particular importance is the rupture of atomic-molecular space with chemical processes and micro- and macro-space with mechanical processes. Metastability of the state of the open coal-gas system, detachment of nanocomponents, nanostructure and fractal properties are manifested at bifurcations in the linear-asymptotic type of development. In coherent processes it is manifested in gas dynamic phenomena of bursts, in stable processes - in stable gas evolution during coal metamorphism and metageneration. Prediction horizons, uncertainty of conceptual interpretations, entropic character of coal formation-metageneration processes are different aspects of coal nanospace as a real-defined and spatial-temporal category.

The article considers the main directions of research in the analysis of the regularities of the location, properties and state of the main types of deposits of solid minerals in Russia. A summary of the available data on the main patterns of variability of both individual minerals and aggregates in the main types of endogenous ore deposits is made. Mineralogical features of large and unique deposits connected with granite magmatism are analyzed. It is concluded that their formation was determined by the long-term evolution of deep fluid systems serving as a means of mantle-core interaction and redistribution of matter in the Earth's crust. The principles of granite pegmatites analysis and methods of its carrying out are offered. The computational modeling of the processes of structure formation during magma solidification using the Monte Carlo method has been carried out. The possibilities of application of fractal analysis to solve the problems of ore geology are investigated. Possibilities of quantitative assessment of morphology of ore bodies are shown. Methods of studying and modeling of anomalous geochemical fields associated with mineral deposits are outlined. Tasks of geological exploration and prospecting works in connection with the further development of the coal industry are given.

On the basis of logical analysis the peculiarities of factual and theoretical base of coal geology are considered, the necessity of its revision and updating in connection with the transfer of all information of geological exploration works in ACS-inform and system approach is shown.

Geological characterization of coal formation processes is given. The systems of coal formation including natural factors, which determine the properties and composition of fossil coals, are considered. The principle of classification of Donetsk coals on the basis of system approach is substantiated. The questions of discontinuous-continuous series of coal metamorphism are discussed and alternative models of formation of coals of different recoverability are offered, as well as the principles of selection of coal classification scales.

The study of composition, structure, conditions of formation and changes in sedimentary formations of the marginal parts of the platforms, taking into account the inseparable connection of their development with tectonic movements in the basin of sedimentation and in the adjacent folded and platform areas, allows to find out the regularities of location of associated deposits and manifestations of minerals.

The works of Yu.A. Zhemchuzhnikov and G.A. The main directions in the study of coal-bearing formations were laid down by the works of Yu.A. Zhemchuzhnikov and G.A. Ivanov: prerequisites and general regularities of formation and location of coal-bearing formations, lithologic and facies features of sedimentogenesis, facies and sediment accumulation cycles, formation of coal seam, stages of exploration of constituent parts and the whole formation, tectonic conditions of formation and changes in the material composition and structure of coal-bearing formation, peculiarities of formation and changes in coal substance in the development of the coal-bearing formation, prediction and assessment of coal-bearing capacity, correlation of sections, assessment of mining conditions ...

Structurally and tectonically, the Vorkutsk coal deposit is a large brachysynclinal fold (mulda), the long axis of which has a north-north-east strike ...

The introduction of modern complex mechanization into the practice of coal mining places high demands on the detail and reliability of forecasting of mining and geological conditions and complicating factors. Such factors at the Vorkutsk and Vorgashorsk coal fields include, first of all, small-amplitude discontinuities in coal seams with displacement of less than 10 m, which due to their parameters are not established during exploration works, so their meeting by preparatory and cleaning mine workings turns out to be in one way or another unexpected....

The influence of the peculiarities of the geological structure of deposits with thick lignite seams on the engineering-geological conditions of their development was considered mainly from the standpoint of stability of pit sides or dewatering without taking into account all sides of this problem. ...

Prerequisites of coal formation in the most general form were considered by Yu.A.Zhemchuzhnikov and were the topic of discussion at many meetings on the geology of coal deposits. ...

The study of the peculiarities of platform Paleogene-Neogene coal accumulation and coal formation provides abundant material for the construction of a general theory of coal formation due to the relative proximity in time to modern peat formation.

Paleogene and Neogene coal-bearing in the area of the Dnieper-Donets depression is widely spread. The lithologic and geologic features of the Paleogene-Neogene deposits of the Dnieper-Donets Basin and the peculiarities of the structure of the Paleozoic basement are covered in great detail in the literature.

At the Kayerkanskoye field, a comprehensive study of coal alteration of strata X and IX (Daldykan Formation P) at contacts with dolerite dikes was carried out to reveal the nature of the relationship between the scale of intrusions and near-contact zones of altered coal, as well as the features of contact-thermal metamorphism of coal. At different distances from the contacts with dikes, changes in the values of the main coal parameters were traced: ash content, volatile yield, caloric content, carbon content, specific gravity, reflectivity, microhardness.

The Leningrad oil shale deposit is located in the west of the Leningrad Region and is the eastern part of the Baltic oil shale basin. The industrial oil shale bed (promplast) lies in the lower part of the Kuker stratigraphic horizon of the Middle Ordovician and consists of four convergent layers of oil shale, separated by interlayers of limestone ...

The distribution of germanium and other impurity elements in brown coals of Mesozoic age was studied (1957-1961) in the deposits confined to depressions of the ancient basement. The coal-bearing strata at these deposits are composed of Continental-type sediments and contain thick deposits of brown coal of complex structure.

The Dzhebariki-Khaya deposit is located in the southern part of the Aldan coal-bearing region. Coal seams I and II are developed here, which lie in Middle Jurassic sediments. Chemical and technological properties of coals from the Dzhebariki-Khaya deposit were studied by the Institute of Combustible Minerals of the USSR Academy of Sciences, Yakutsk branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, All-Union Research Institute for Oil Refining and Production of Artificial Liquid Fuel and Gas (VNIINP, formerly VNIGI), North-Eastern Geological Department and others. Some data on the quality of coals of this deposit are given in the work of N. N. Dolgopolov.

Hypothesis of formation of secondary dome-shaped and ridge-shaped diapiric structures in thick lignite deposit. The hypothesis of formation of secondary dome-shaped and ridge-shaped diapiric structures in the thick lignite deposit of Babaevskoe deposit (Southern Urals) was developed earlier. In recent years, new data have been obtained that more fully characterize the structure of dome-shaped and ridge-shaped diapirs of the Babaevskoye field. Mining workings of the Kumertaussky (Ermolaevsky) coal mine have completely uncovered the coal deposit, including the “basal layer” of diapir structures, i.e., the layers located at the base of diapirs and not subject to plastic deformations. The studies conducted in 1954-1958 by G. L. Fisenko and G. L. Fisenko (1954-1958) have shown that the diapir structures are not subject to plastic deformation. G. L. Fisenko studies of landslide phenomena at the Kumertaus coal mine, in particular, numerous tests of physical and mechanical properties of coal and host rocks, provide sufficient data for approximate calculation of the possibility of plastic deformation and flow of layers of the coal deposit in the areas of development of diapiric structures.

Arkagalinskaya coal-bearing area is located within the Magadan region on the interfluve of the Indigirka and Kolyma rivers, 100 km north-west of Susuman settlement. Geological exploration works in this area have been carried out since 1935 up to the present time (V. I. Vronsky, G. V. Buryak, V. I. Baryantsev and others). Coal seams are developed by several mines.

Shallow folds, dome- and ridge-shaped diapiric intrusions into overlying layers, shallow flattening and other manifestations of the so-called secondary tectonics within thick lignite deposits have received repeated coverage in the literature. Secondary tectonics of Ukrainian lignite deposits was studied by V.N. Chirvinsky, I.E. Slenzak, M.N. Karlov, V.T. Seryay; of German lignite deposits - by W. Gotan, K. Jurassky and others; of Korkinskoye deposit - by G.F. Krasheninnikov, O.I. Pinchuk; of Babaevskoye - by A.S. Khomentovsky and V.V. Kiryukov. Kiryukov. Diapiric phenomena complicate the development of coal deposits, exploration by the usual method does not establish the location and scale of diapiric phenomena. Most of the diapirs were discovered only in the process of exploitation of the deposits. The author of this article during 1952-1956 studied and documented on the exposed walls of the coal seams of Babaevsky, Mayachny (Southern Urals) and Alexandriysky (Ukraine) deposits various diapiric intrusions of the coal deposit into the overlying rocks and developed a hypothesis of their origin.

Low-metamorphosed brown coals of Tertiary age, widely distributed within the right-bank Ukraine, southwestern Urals and northern Kazakhstan from the petrographic side are insufficiently investigated. There is still no well-developed methodology for studying low-metamorphosed loose brown coals, which differ sharply from denser brown and hard coals, as well as from peats. In the present article the results of complex (botanical, petrographic and chemical) study of the material composition of low-metamorphosed brown coals composing a thick deposit of the Babaevskoe deposit are presented and their comparison with coals of other Tertiary deposits of the southwestern Urals is given. The questions of the origin of low-metamorphosed brown coals are considered by the author in a special article; a detailed characterization of the types of coals and the structure of coal deposits of individual deposits of the South Ural brown-coal basin is set forth in the atlas currently being prepared.