Since the end of the XX century the great attention is attracted to investigation of structure and properties of the high-carbons mineral substances, as well as to physical-chemical processes in which they are involved, in the nano-level space – within range 10 –8 -10 –9 m, purposefully to studying the nature of the coal-forming process, generation of methane, gas-dynamic events in coal seams, to designing the new types of suspension fuel on the base of submolecular carbon aggregates. The paper analyzes peculiarities of the submolecular structure of vitrinite, observed in raster electron microscope, sorption capacity of coals and links of these parameters with geological factors.
This paper deals with the carbophos nanomedium, occupying the boundary region, but at the same time possessing its own features. Of particular importance is the rupture of atomic-molecular space with chemical processes and micro- and macro-space with mechanical processes. Metastability of the state of the open coal-gas system, detachment of nanocomponents, nanostructure and fractal properties are manifested at bifurcations in the linear-asymptotic type of development. In coherent processes it is manifested in gas dynamic phenomena of bursts, in stable processes - in stable gas evolution during coal metamorphism and metageneration. Prediction horizons, uncertainty of conceptual interpretations, entropic character of coal formation-metageneration processes are different aspects of coal nanospace as a real-defined and spatial-temporal category.
The Vorkutskoye field of the Pechora coal basin has been studied in great detail, except for the problems of methane content. The choice of the field-analogues within the limits of Donbass is limited by the following conditions: coals of stage Ж; collectors - sandstones, tops - argillites. These conditions satisfy Krasnodon and Kamensko-Gundarevsky areas of Donbass. We study the forms of methane: free, sorbed and methane in a metastable state. Are allocated micro deposits in the unloaded massif, in local curves and anticlinal folds of the strata; structural-lithological in the rocks of the coal-bearing strata and zone of cleavage of the Moshcholnaya formation; in the unloaded (exhausted) space. Geological and exploratory methods have low reliability, as a parallel and controlling method of analogy is proposed.
