One of the most power-intensive processes of development of deposits of iron ores is explosive breaking mountain weight, which in many respects defines results of work of all technological complex and completeness of extraction of minerals from bowels. Practice has shown expediency of application of chinks of the big diameter in underground conditions, large-scale breaking. Besides puchec pulled together charges ВВ, it is offered to use the vertical concentrated charges. It enables to realize practically idea of reduction of number of mass explosions.
Field studies of seismic blast waves have been carried out at a number of iron ore enterprises of the country. At the KMA open pits it was confirmed that the seismic effect of mass explosions depends on the epicentral distance between the block and the object and on the mass of the charge in the group. The dependences of vibration velocity for quarries and mines differ by the seismicity coefficient, which is almost three times less for underground mass explosions than for mass explosions at quarries.
At Siberian mines tests were conducted and commercial development of combined technology of rock mass stripping with the use of vertical concentrated charges (VKZ) and beam borehole charges began.
In the practice of blasting in the mining industry during mining of minerals by underground mining for crushing the rock mass, borehole charges of explosives, as well as borehole and stone (mine) charges located in the chambers, tunnels and mine wells are used. The largest volume of rock mass removal is currently carried out by borehole explosive charges. Mines in Gornaya Shoria, Khakassia and the Urals use the technology of stripping by bundles of parallel-conjugated borehole charges.
Among the methods of rock destruction used in the development of mineral deposits, the drilling and blasting method is the most widely used. A significant number of works are devoted to practical and experimental study of rock mass destruction processes, in which a comprehensive assessment of the problem in question is carried out. At the same time, practice constantly puts forward new tasks, the solution of which is difficult to implement on the basis of available knowledge and ideas. It is impossible to overcome the emerging difficulties without additional scientific research. A large number of issues requiring a solution arise in the fields of Mountain Shoriya and Khakassia when applying vertical concentrated charges (VCC). They are used for destruction of technological blocks of rocks formed during the mining of ore bodies by the systems of stage forced collapse. The main purpose of successful application of VCC is the maximum destruction of the ore massif within the excavated block.
