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Date submitted2023-04-14
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Date accepted2023-08-02
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Date published2023-08-28
A method of determining the errors of segmented GRID models of open-pit mines constructed with the results of unmanned aerial photogrammetric survey
The methodology of building a digital elevation model based on the results of aerial photogrammetric survey from an unmanned aircraft is proposed, which is based on the division of the initial point cloud into equal segments. This allows, having made an assumption of the linear character of change of height of points in a separate segment, to approximate them by separate planes. RMS errors of the models from the survey data were calculated according to the scattering of the points in relation to the approximating surfaces, which made it possible to reveal the dependence of the model construction error relative to the sizes of their constituent segments, as well as to propose a method for filtering the cells containing outliers with respect to the expected model error. The proposed method was tested on the models of three mining objects – limestone quarry, phosphogypsum dump, and peat cut. The experimental results showed a multiple reduction in model error compared to standard DEM models providing the required accuracy for mining documentation.
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Date submitted2020-07-30
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Date accepted2021-03-02
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Date published2021-04-26
Experimental study of thermomechanical effects in water-saturated limestones during their deformation
Stability control of elements of stone constructions of various structures is a prerequisite for their safe operation. The use of modern methods of non-destructive diagnostics of the stress-strain state of such constructions is an effective, and in many cases the only way to control it. Studies of thermal radiation accompanying the processes of solid bodies deformation allowed to justify and develop a method that allows to obtain non-contact information about changes in the stress-strain state in various types of geomaterials, including limestones. However, studies of the water saturation influence of rocks on the thermal radiation parameters recorded in this way are currently superficial. Taking into account the water saturation degree of rocks is necessary when monitoring the mechanical condition of stone structures that are in direct contact with water. The main purpose of this work is to study the dependences of changes in the intensity of thermal radiation from the surface of limestone samples with different humidity under conditions of uniaxial compression. The obtained results showed the expected significant decrease in the mechanical properties (uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus) of water-saturated samples in comparison with dry ones. At the same time, a significant increase in the intensity of thermal radiation of limestone samples subjected to compression with an increase in their water saturation was recorded, which makes it necessary to take into account the revealed regularity when identifying changes in the stress state of stone structures established according to non-contact IR diagnostics in real conditions.
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Date submitted2019-03-18
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Date accepted2019-04-26
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Date published2019-08-23
Spatial Models Developed Using Laser Scanning at Gas Condensate Fields in the Northern Construction-Climatic Zone
Wide exploration and industrial exploitation of hydrocarbon fields in Yamal Peninsula pose in front of construction and mining companies critical problems of efficient construction at constantly evolving fields taking into account climatic and geocryological conditions of their location. Yamal Peninsula is characterized by unstable soils, the mobility of which has a substantial impact on the changes in spatial arrangement of field facilities, not only in the direct process of construction, but also during their scale-up and equipment overhaul. The paper examines implementation of 3D spatial arrangement modelling of industrial facilities into the process of construction and installation works at hydrocarbon fields in the northern construction-climatic zone. The purpose of implementing this method combined with 3D spatial modelling of equipment connections lies in reliability and safety enhancement of the facilities throughout their entire lifespan. Authors analyze statement and solution of the problem associated with alignment and installation of prefabricated equipment and pipelines, taking into account advanced technologies of 3D design and modelling. The study examines a 3D spatial model with the elements of equipment connection geometry; the model is related to existing production facilities at the field. Authors perform an analysis and in mathematical terms formulate the problem of optimal spatial arrangement for such models. The paper focuses on typical deviations, occurring in the installation process of constructions and connection facilities, their spatial arrangement is modelled. Possible solutions are offered, as well as an algorithm of their implementation at an operating field.
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Date submitted2018-01-02
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Date accepted2018-03-08
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Date published2018-06-22
Noncontact laser control of electric-physical parameters of semiconductor layers
- Authors:
- A. B. Fedortsov
- A. S. Ivanov
Non-contact non-destructive laser-interferometric methods for measuring several electrophysical parameters of semiconductor and dielectric layers are proposed. They are the lifetime of charge carriers for electrons and holes separately; parameters of recombination centers, namely their concentration and capture cross-sections; bulk volume lifetime and rate of surface recombination, as well as the diffusion length of charge carriers. The methods are based on the interference-absorption interaction in a semiconductor of two laser radiations with different wavelengths. Short-wave injection radiation generates additional charge carriers in the material, which leads to a change in its optical constants at the wavelength of the other – long-wavelength probing laser radiation – and to modulation of this radiation as it passes through the sample of the studied material. The means for implementing the proposed methods and methods for processing the modulation signal for determining the parameters of the investigated samples are developed. The methods have been successfully tested on samples of such materials as germanium, silicon, indium antimonide and cadmium-mercury-tellurium alloy. It is shown that the methods can be used both in scientific research and electronic industry.
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Date submitted2015-08-20
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Date accepted2015-10-17
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Date published2016-04-22
Increasing the accuracy of the fast laser measurments transparent solid and liquid films thicknesses
- Authors:
- A. B. Fedortsov
Nondestructive optical methods for measuring of the «thick» films thickness of the order of 0,001-1,00 mm are analyzed. It is shown that using the laser beam radiation and modern optical and electronic schemes possible to decrease the time of single measurement to 1ms and less at the measuring frequency of 10-50 Hz. The possibility of measuring thickness and spreading coefficient and evaporation kinetics of liquid films is demonstrated. A new computer method of the data processing aimed to determine the film thickness from the angle dependence of the laser beam reflection coefficient by the film is offered. The offered procedure and the experimental technique realizing it permits to decrease the thickness determination uncertainty to the order of ten.
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Date submitted2015-08-24
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Date accepted2015-10-16
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Date published2016-04-22
Ways to ensure reliability, safety and efficiency of the costruction and installation works when buildings and structures erecting by stabilizing process of the rocking cargo suspension
- Authors:
- L. A. Goldobina
- P. S. Orlov
Nondestructive optical methods for measuring of the «thick» films thickness of the order of 0,001-1,00 mm are analyzed. It is shown that using the laser beam radiation and modern optical and electronic schemes possible to decrease the time of single measurement to 1ms and less at the measuring frequency of 10-50 hz. The possibility of measuring thickness and spreading coefficient and evaporation kinetics of liquid films is demonstrated. A new computer method of the data processing aimed to determine the film thickness from the angle dependence of the laser beam reflection coefficient by the film is offered. The offered procedure and the experimental technique realizing it permits to decrease the thickness determination uncertainty to the order of ten.
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Date submitted2014-11-28
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Date accepted2015-01-13
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Date published2015-10-26
Nanobar code as multi-purpose two-dimensional notation with new features
- Authors:
- E. I. Pryakhin
The article gives an analysis of the current standard two-dimensional codes, showing their features and applications. It was concluded that the feasibility of developing a new type of two-dimensional codes, the Nanobar code (NBC), in which information can be open (available) and, if necessary, closed (unavailable) to the user through the use of cryptographic encryption techniques. At the same time the new codes provide a significant increase in the volume of coded information that allows us to recommend using them as a local database, in particular for the issue of electronic technological certificates and product passports, personal dog tags for the military, athletes and others. It is noted as an important characteristic that the Nanobar code is able to encode different types of digital information. Due to its characteristics, the NBC is proposed to use as an identification number and protect legal products against counterfeiting. Two variants of the NBC technology application are proposed – with laser printing and printer. For reading information from the NBC, special software was developed, including mobile applications that allow using a smartphone to read the NBC. The basic scope of the NBC application was suggested.
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Date submitted2009-10-20
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Date accepted2009-12-11
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Date published2010-09-22
Monitoring of deformation processes of the earth surface with methods of differential interferometric treatment of radar data
- Authors:
- A. A. Krivenko
- Yu. A. Kashnikov
The Differential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR) has recently become one of the most popular methods to reveal and analyze the subsidence of the ground. This method is considered by researchers to be well suited to solve a problem of small relative ground shifts survey applying the short (centimeter) radio waves.