An analysis of formation conditions of water inflows into mine workings during combined open-underground development of ore deposits was carried out. Characteristics of both natural and man-made hydro-geological structures in a copper -nickel ores «Zhdanov» deposit were identified. A method of prediction of water inflows into underground mine workings using nu-merical simulations was studied under complex hydrogeological conditions of «Zhdanov» deposit.
Are investigated results obtained during supervision over change of hydraulic pressure and soil’s deformation while shielding inclined tunnel with hydro-surcharge on the breast for Saint Petersburg underground station «Admiralteiskaya». Are defined characteristics of anthropogenic hydro geological structure generated while shielding glacial soils. Is offered methodology for estimation soil deformation taking into account anthropogenic cracks of stratification and compaction – decompaction processes of clay breeds while changing hydraulic pressures. Is presented an example of estimation deformations of soils influenced by shielding.
In this article is shown the sequence of hydro-geological monitoring of the rock-mass condition while conducting mining works of «Admiralteiskaya» underground station escalator tunnel. Are revealed flow laws of underground water in natural conditions; is considered influence of atmospheric pressure on the hydrostatic one. Also are drawn preliminary conclusions of escalator tunnel mining (using hydro-cantledge) influence on pressures in rock-mass.
Hydrodynamic and hydrogeomechanical processes which may occur during flooding of coal mines are considered. Original scheme – model of strain state of waterbearing undermined massif for estimation of uplift of earth surface was suggested.
The paper considers the contemporary level of hydrogeological investigations during prospecting of deposits. It is suggested to use numerical modeling, sensors, computer programs for pumping tests. These methods are illustrated by prospecting of the South-East Gremiakha deposit.
Consideration is given to the stress state of rock mass under higher hydrostatic pressure in the flooded workings of the abandoned mines. One has obtained the criteria for assessment of potential movement of rock mass into the mined-out space. The basically new scheme has been suggested to form an estimate of raising the earth surface upon decompression of the fractured rock mass.
To form an estimate of stress state of rock mass of a sliding-down slope, in the town of Sochi 10 observation stations – bore holes were built-up at the depth of 50-150 m with the arranged sensing elements for hydrostatic pressure measurements. According to the results of observations which were carried out for two years, the regularities of groundwater flow were established, and also the hydrogeological structure of the sliding-down slope was revised. The sensor readings indicated the slight changes in stress state of the low-permeable paleogenic rock and overlaying sedimentaries. The periodical movements of overlaying sedimentaries of clay composition are attributed to the seasonal variations of their physical and mechanical properties.
The hydrodynamic regime is monitored by 90 hydrostatic pressure sensors placed at different depths in the heterogeneous thickness of quaternary deposits. Total, neutral and effective stresses along the route of projected tunnels were determined. Seasonal changes of hydrostatic pressures in the thickness and their connection with atmospheric pressure are estimated. The reaction of water-saturated massif to tunneling with bottom-hole hydroloading has been fixed.
The necessity of organizing continuous monitoring of mine water quality and observation of the levels of formation of hydrochemical and hydrodynamic regimes of groundwater by creating a system of hydrogeoecological monitoring at the Leningrad oil shale deposit is considered. The goals and tasks of monitoring of mine and ground waters of the deposit are set out, the main stages of its planning and implementation are defined.
Практически повсеместным спутником добычи твердых полезных ископаемых является преднамеренное или самопроизвольное осушение массивов горных пород, резкое нарушение естественного режима водоносных горизонтов и поверхностных водоемов ...
Производство открытых горных работ в ряде районов сопровождается намывом гидроотвалов, которые часто располагаются на плодородных землях. Возврат территорий в сферу сельского хозяйства связан с продолжительностью консолидации намытых пород до состояния, обеспечивающего передвижение по ним оборудования ...
Лебединское месторождение относится к Старо-Оскольской группе железорудных месторождений КМА. В районе месторождения развиты докембрийские кристаллические породы, перекрытые осадочными отложениями палеозойского и мезо-кайнозойского возраста. Железные руды приурочены к верхней части докембрийских кристаллических образований и залегают на глубине 60—120 м. Вскрышная толща представлена (снизу — вверх): верхнеюрскими песчаными, местами пылеватыми, глинами и глинистыми песками (мощность 0,5—25 м), апт-альбскими песками (мощность 20—35 м), мергельно-меловыми породами сантон-коньяк-туронского возраста (мощность 5—60 м) и четвертичными лёссовидными суглинками (мощность 10—20 м) ...
Широкое развитие открытых горных работ требует дифференцированного подхода к принципам и методам осушения карьеров в зависимости от типа геологического строения месторождения. На специфику осушения наклонно залегающих пластов горных пород уже обращали внимание. Особенности осушения наклонно залегающих пластов водоносных пород определяются рядом гидрогеологических и инженерно-геологических факторов ...
