The classifications of risks based on different parameters are considered; the specific risks of innovative projects are sorted out and structured. The approaches to the quantitative assessment of risks are analyzed, their features, contents, advantages and limits are determined. The conditions of appropriate usage of these approaches are considered. The possibilities of hierarchical process analysis method are shown.
In article the question on an estimation of natural resources which should not only be estimated by their cost is considered. It is necessary to estimate resources from the point of view of efficiency of a social production as a whole. The variant of estimation of cost of resources from the point of view of effect which is reached as a result of inclusion of the given natural resources in an economic turn is offered, methodological bases of an economic estimation of natural resources are developed.
The content and main types of economic worldview are revealed, historical stages of evolution of economic worldview are investigated, the main ways and forms of influence of economic worldview on the development of human society are analyzed.
The problems of formation of the state mechanism of subsoil use management in the Russian Federation are considered. Economic and organizational-administrative methods and levers of improving the state management of subsoil use are proposed. In this connection the ecological functions of the Russian state within the framework of management of the sphere of nature use in the conditions of market economy are analyzed and generalized.
Strengthening the environmental security of any country is directly linked to how the results of scientific and technological progress (STP) are used in the sectors of the national economy and, above all, in the extractive industries and knowledge-intensive production sectors. All this requires a significant increase in both public and private investment. In world practice, there is a positive experience of using the results of STI, which in modern conditions not only determines the level of competitiveness of the national economy, but also contributes to the strengthening of environmental security. Similar experience should be fully used by the Russian state. A comparative analysis of the economies of the fifteen largest world trading powers has shown that innovation and innovation are one of the main sources of competitive power on the world stage. Insensitivity of the Russian economy to innovation is one of the causes of technological and economic lag. In recent years the ecological factor has become important in ensuring the international competitiveness of goods. The combination of stricter environmental standards and fiercer competition on the global market makes it necessary to use the principles of pollution prevention in conjunction with environmental self-monitoring in the development of new products.
The analysis of the investment climate in the oil and gas industry of Russia, the role and place of the oil and gas complex in the economy of the Russian Federation was performed; the drawbacks of the existing mechanisms of investment attraction were revealed and the mechanisms to improve the investment climate in the oil and gas industry were justified: the possibilities of attracting investments through the implementation of a production sharing agreement were shown; positive and negative effects of projects implementation based on a production sharing agreement were established. The long-term perspective of impact of investments attracted on the basis of implementation of the production sharing agreement on the economy of the Russian Federation was assessed.
The problem of environmental security, as any scientific problem, requires research and disclosure of the essence and content of the very concept of environmental security. Currently, neither in economic nor in other scientific literature there is no clear definition of this concept. Environmental security as a problem can be successfully solved only in the transition from spontaneous nature management to a consciously managed one. Hence the formulation of the main task: the study and research of the natural environment as an object of socio-economic management as an integral part of the economic security of the Russian state.
В период перехода от командной экономики к рыночной самой запутанной и в то же время актуальной проблемой оказалась проблема приватизации государственной или, как еще в недалеком прошлом ее именовали, общественной собственности ...
