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Date submitted2020-10-13
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Date accepted2021-03-02
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Date published2021-04-26
Trace element accumulation by soils and plants in the North Caucasian geochemical province
Long-term studies of the North Caucasian geochemical province allowed to establish regional abundances and calculate accumulation (dispersion) factors for chemical elements in rocks, soils, and plants. Certain natural regional patterns characterize the province. Associations of elements in high and low concentrations are often determined by the predominant composition of rocks: carbonate-terrigenous, terrigenous, and igneous. The study of the average contents of several chemical elements in the soils of the province showed that the association of accumulated elements includes metals with different migration characteristics. Thus, despite the rather close values of the ionic radii, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Li (judging by the ionic potential) are characterized by the formation of cations, while Mn, Mo, and Zr form complex ions. Such elements as Zn, Cu, and Pb are mainly accumulated on hydrosulfuric barriers, while Mo, Co, and Mn are stopped by oxygenous barriers. For Cu, Zn, Mo, and Co, biogenic accumulation plays a significant role, while for Pb and Ni it is practically absent. The absolute dispersion of the elements did not reach environmentally hazardous values, although it indicates a fairly intensive migration. In woody plants, Ba, Nb, Sc, Sr, and Zn are accumulated most intensively.
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Date submitted2020-03-20
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Date accepted2020-05-24
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Date published2020-06-30
Landscape monitoring studies of the North Caucasian geochemical province
The data on the geochemical features of the bedrocks and soils of the province are given. Considerable attention is paid to regional abundances, as well as enrichment and dispersion factors of the chemical elements in landscapes. Using the example of the North Caucasus, it is shown that for such indicators as phytomass, geological, geomorphological, and geobotanical features, it is possible to make a preliminary outlining of regional structures corresponding to geochemical provinces. At the same time, a subsequent geochemical study of these structures remains mandatory. Upon determining certain geochemical associations, geochemical provinces can be basically distinguished; to a large extent, geochemical properties of these accumulated and scattered associations of elements contribute to the regional soil geochemistry. The results of long-term monitoring studies of the North Caucasus geochemical province have shown that the key features of the regional landscapes are due to the composition of bedrock and the presence of a large number of ore deposits and occurrences. The data obtained are the basis for assessing the state of the environment in conditions of increasing anthropogenic impact, and the established regional abundances can be used to assess the degree of pollution in agricultural, residential, and mining landscapes.
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Date submitted2019-07-21
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Date accepted2019-09-20
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Date published2020-02-25
Assessment of operational reliability of quarry excavator-dump truck complexes
- Authors:
- V. M. Kurganov
- M. V. Gryaznov
- S. V. Kolobanov
The method proposed in the article is based on the mathematical apparatus for quantitative assessment of the reliability of majority schemes of structural redundancy of transport processes, which provide the availability and usage of several backup delivery channels in the transport process in case of any malfunction. The principle of multi-channel haulage is commonly used in quarries for transportation of overburden and minerals from benches by dump trucks, when excavators and dump trucks performing cyclic operations function as a single excavator-dump truck complex. This pattern of work significantly increases the likelihood of fulfilling the daily plan for transporting rock mass due to the redistribution of dump trucks between mining and overburden excavators in the event of failure of one or more units of mining and handling equipment. The reliability of excavator-dump truck complexes is assessed in three stages: initial data collection for mathematical modeling of excavator-dump truck complex performance; solving the problem of optimizing the distribution of dump trucks between excavators, ensuring maximum productivity of the excavator-dump truck complex; assessment of the reliability of its work depending on the probability of fulfilling the daily plan for the transportation of rock mass. The proposed method is implemented as part of a computer program and makes it possible to automate the operational management of the process of transporting rock mass in a quarry using a mobile application. The developed guidelines can be used for any quarries with automobile transport, regardless of the type of mineral extracted, the mining method, the loading pattern, the capacity of the excavation and loading equipment fleet, and the capacity of operated dump trucks.
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Date submitted2020-01-09
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Date accepted2020-01-26
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Date published2020-02-25
Mining excavator working equipment load forecasting according to a fuzzy-logistic model
- Authors:
- V. S. Velikanov
Due to the fact that the loads occurring in the working equipment of mining excavators are determined by a large number of random factors that are difficult to represent by analytical formulas, for estimating and predicting loads the models must be introduced using non-standard approaches. In this study, we used the methodology of the theory of fuzzy logic and fuzzy pluralities, which allows to overcome the difficulties associated with the incompleteness and vagueness of the data in assessing and predicting the forces encountered in the working equipment of mining excavators, as well as with the qualitative nature of these data. As a result of computer simulation in the fuzzyTECH environment, data comparable with experimental studies were obtained to determine the level of loading of the main elements of the working equipment of mining excavators. Based on a representative sample, a statistical analysis of the data was performed, as a result of which the equation of linear multiple stress regression in the handle of mining excavators was obtained, which allows to make an accurate forecast of the loading of the working equipment of the excavator.
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Date submitted2019-03-19
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Date accepted2019-05-22
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Date published2019-08-23
Engineering of Complex Structure Apatite Deposits and Excavating-Sorting Equipment for Its Implementation
- Authors:
- A. Yu. Cheban
Development of Oshurkovskoye apatite deposit with conventional methods, using drilling, blasting and then processing of extracted ore by means of flotation and construction of hydraulic structures to store wet tailings, turns out to be impossible, as the reservoir is located in a special ecological zone of Transbaikal; moreover, the deposit has a complex geological structure and a low grade of valuable component in the orebody. Refinement of the mineral product occurs primarily during its processing; however, ore grade can already be controlled in the process of its extraction. Advancement of technical facilities opens up new opportunities of selective mining for complex structure deposits. The purpose of this research is to create a technology, which will upgrade the quality of mineral substance, fed to the processing plant, directly at the extraction stage. The paper proposes a technological development scheme for Oshurkovskoye deposit using an excavating-sorting complex containing a transport-sorting facility and a measuring unit for estimation of the grade in a milled rock mass; it allows to separate a rich fine fraction of substandard ore, which under conventional mining practices would have been sent to the stockpile of temporarily substandard ore. Separation of fine fractions of apatite ore in the transport-sorting facility allows to reduce dusting during production and cuts the losses of valuable component, associated with aeration of fine fractions during loading and transportation of the rock mass. Positioning of oversize material in the open trench with its subsequent selective extraction by the loading machine facilitates non-stop operation of the mining-sorting equipment, which provides an increase in the productivity of mining operations.
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Date submitted2014-12-09
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Date accepted2015-02-16
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Date published2015-12-25
Dynamic study of underground loading machine’s working tool crank-rocker mechanism
- Authors:
- I. P. Timofeev
- I. A. Korolev
The article is devoted to the dynamic study of the underground shovel’s working tool mech-anism, assembled in accordance with a crank-rocker scheme, containing curved wings, as well as to the study of the effect on uneven movement rate, produced by the working tool mechanism; pa-rameters and structural characteristics of the shovel paw design shape. On the basis of a synthesis of the loading machine’s working tool mechanisms, a kinematic scheme with a shovel paw, con-sisting of a straight operating part and a curved working tail, is offered. A dynamic model of the mechanism based on a variable weight of shovel bulk cargo and drive parameters of the working tool is developed, a motion equation is made up. Comparison between statistical indicators of effec-tive output obtained from the shovel loaders drive mechanism and the results of a separate computer simulation of the mechanisms under analysis attest to the proposed model’s performability.
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Date submitted2009-08-05
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Date accepted2009-10-26
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Date published2010-02-01
The influence of change in geotechnical engineering and geoenvironmental conditions during the process of building and operation of constructions of projected Alekseevsky cement factory on their stability (Mordovia Republic)
- Authors:
- K. V. Pankratova
The influence of change engineering-geological and geoenvironmental conditions on stability of cement factory are considered in this paper. Influence of additional humidifying, rise in temperature in the basis of constructions and activization of microbic activity is considered. The specificity of physicomechanical properties of silica rock and upper Jurassic clay is considered. Results of experimental researches of increase in microbic mass in soils at watering and heating are resulted. The estimation influences of temperature on deformation ability soils is given.
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Date submitted2009-08-17
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Date accepted2009-10-05
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Date published2010-02-01
Perfection of shutters for ore chutes
- Authors:
- Yu. D. Tarasov
- I. V. Ushatinsky
The construction of a chain shutter for use on mines is described and proved at release of large pieces of mined rock from final apertures of ore chutes of the increased cross-section sections, allowing to eliminate lacks of existing constructions and to raise reliability of operation the chute tapper of unloading of mined rock.
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Date submitted2008-10-06
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Date accepted2008-12-10
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Date published2009-12-11
Appearance of entropy principle in distribution оf the gold mass while formation of minable gold mineralization
- Authors:
- S. V. Sendek
The rule of the entropy distributiveness for mass of the metal in gold ores is detected at different scale levels. This regularity is resulted as a consequence of redistribution of the gold and host rocks after their primary conditions. Revealing of those rules may allow reviewing the notions on nature and genesis of gold mineralizaition.