Vol 48 Iss. 2

The Lebedinskoye deposit belongs to the Staro-Oskol group of iron ore deposits in the KMA. Precambrian crystalline rocks overlain by sedimentary deposits of Paleozoic and Meso-Cenozoic age are developed in the area of the deposit. Iron ores are confined to the upper part of the Precambrian crystalline formations and occur at a depth of 60-120 meters. The overburden is represented (from bottom to top) by: Upper Jurassic sandy, in some places dusty, clays and clayey sands (0.5-25 m thick), Apt-Albian sands (20-35 m thick), marl and chalky rocks of Santon-Cognac-Turonian age (5-60 m thick) and Quaternary loess-like loams (10-20 m thick).

In connection with the development of hydrochemical method of searching for gold and other minerals now increased attention to the study of microcomponents in ground and surface waters of Aldan district.The general plateau-like character of the relief of Aldan district in some areas is broken by the presence of solitary ridges and ridges, where the rivers of the district originate. The hydrographic network belongs to the basin of the Aldan River and its major tributaries - Timpton, Yakokit, Selig-dar. The climate of the district is sharply continental with annual precipitation of about 440 mm and an average annual negative air temperature of - 6°C.

Solubility of gold in solutions of various inorganic compounds has been studied by many researchers. Experiments have been conducted with metallic gold in the form of plates, wire, powder and with thin films of gold on glass. Gold dissolves usually under the action of strong oxidizing reagents, such as free chlorine (its action explains the good solubility of gold in vapor vodka).

The modern energy base of most of the Kamchatka Peninsula is based on imported fuel. However, the presence of hydrothermal resources on the peninsula is confirmed by the existence of geysers and numerous springs. The task of utilizing natural heat is most relevant for the city of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, the most populated area of Kamchatka.

The Proletary deposit is located 5 km south-east of the town of Borovichi, Novgorod region. In terms of operating conditions it is one of the most complex in the Borovichi - Lyubytinsky industrial region, which has more than 20 deposits of refractory clays. The deposit is developed by underground mining. The development system is panel-and-pillar with development by drifts. The mine field occupies the south-western part of the watershed between the Belgian and Bystrica rivers. The surface of the site is mostly open, in some places swampy. The relief is quiet, with amplitudes of fluctuations of marks up to 6 m.

The theory and practice of injection of homogeneous viscous liquids and binding solutions into porous and fractured, dry and water-bearing rocks is covered in many works published in the USSR and abroad. All works on the content can be divided into two groups. The first group includes works by S.K. Abramov, N.N. Bindeman, N.N. Verigin, G.N. Kamensky, E.E. Kerkis, V.S. Kozlov, V.M. Nasberg, A.I. Silin-Bekchurin, I.A. Skaballonovich, Instruction and Methodological Guidelines for Experimental Injections I-20-52 and others. They consider the theory and practice of water injection into porous and fractured rocks in connection with the study of their filtration properties and the design of drainage and hydraulic structures.

Widespread development of open-pit mining requires a differentiated approach to the principles and methods of pit dewatering depending on the type of geological structure of the deposit. The specifics of dewatering of sloping beds of rocks have already been paid attention to. The specifics of dewatering of sloping beds of aquiferous rocks are determined by a number of hydrogeological and engineering-geological factors.

As it is known, mineral waters of Matsesta are diluted with fresh waters of meteoric origin at a considerable depth. The main mass of fresh water enters the depths of the deposit from the north-east, from the zone of the Akhshtyr, Akhun and Bytkha ridges, through a system of open cracks and karst passages. Dilution processes at Matsesta have captured the water-bearing limestone strata to a depth of about 900 meters. The dynamics of this process has been studied in great detail, and the hydrochemistry is still not sufficiently clear and understood ...

Determination of the interval of salinization at the walls of drains (wells, galleries, mine workings, etc.) is of great practical and theoretical importance. In recent years, it has been given special attention at home and abroad, but so far there are no practically acceptable solutions.The approach to solving this issue is still determined by how researchers understand the theory of Dupuy and his famous formulas and from the physical side represent the process of formation of the salinization gap.

Graphical representation most clearly captures those features of the chemical composition of natural waters, which sometimes do not capture other methods. This article discusses just a few ways to graphically represent the six major components of water composition ....

Hydrochemical method can be used in solving hydrogeological issues arising during the development of mineral deposits. We will show the possibility of using this method on the example of the Leningrad oil shale deposit. It is characterized by the presence of several aquifers above and below the developed layer, a rather large river Plussa and the Narva reservoir. There are four mines in operation. The annual water inflow to them is 25-28 million meters. Groundwater breakthroughs reached 1000 m3/h and more. The nature of waters of these breakthroughs remained unclear. All of them are fresh in composition. But separate water seeps in mines have slightly different composition of macro- and microcomponents. This was the basis for the application of the hydrochemical method in solving three main questions: 1) What waters are used to form the mine water supply? 2) From what aquifers do the largest water outbursts occur? 3) Is there a connection of mine water with the Plussa River and the Narva Reservoir?

The patterns of temperature distribution of rocks and waters in the northern part of the Russian Platform and the Baltic Shield are very poorly studied. However, the first summaries and schemes, covering only the southern half of the territory under consideration, showed the presence of thermal waters in the most submerged parts of the sedimentary cover. The study of hydrothermal zonality is necessary in the search for hydrothermal resources, to assess the prospects of distribution and integrated use of mineral waters in industry, in hydrotherapy, etc. ....

Hydrochemical studies in the basin of the lower reaches of the Amur River within the Miaochansky Range proved the possibility of using hydrochemical methods to search for tin-polymetallic deposits in the mid-mountainous relief under humid climate. In this article, the features of the formation of the chemical composition of water in this area, touched on the issues of quantitative assessment of the results of hydrochemical searches.

Distribution, stratigraphy and conditions of occurrence. On the territory of Leningrad, in its vicinity, along the valley of the Neva River, late-glacial ribbon clays are widespread. They were formed in a glacial lake basin, which developed as the glacier retreated. Remains of freshwater fish have been found in these sediments, according to which S. A. Yakovlev attributed the sediments to the sediments of Fish Lake. The ribbon clays are laid down in an almost continuous thickness of 2-15 m on the uneven surface of moraine (second moraine) or transitional from moraine to lake-glacial sediments. In some places they are completely eroded. In one or two places on the territory of Leningrad, in many areas in its vicinity and along the Neva River valley, the ribbon clays come directly to the surface. On the rest of the territory they lie at different depths under postglacial sediments - lithoric, ancient Baltic or modern alluvial and lake-bog deposits...

The study of the process of formation of the chemical composition of natural waters requires a thorough analysis of the redox situation. Meanwhile, natural data are still insufficient. For therapeutic mineral waters, for example, there are only a few articles containing information on the main parameters characterizing redox equilibria in mineral waters.

A distinctive feature of ribbon deposits is the high value of their natural moisture content, usually close to or even exceeding the yield strength of the rock. At the same time, band sediments in natural conditions are very far from the fluid state (for example, stable slopes of quarries opening band sediments at full capacity, stability of the walls of pits, pits, provided that their natural composition is preserved and there is no additional moistening, etc.) ...

In recent years, more and more attention of researchers is attracted to the study of sedimentation waters of clayey rocks.It has been noted that as the solutions are squeezed by the application of individual load steps, mineralization in subsequent portions of the solution continuously decreases. This regularity was tried to explain by the action of filtration effect, influence of membrane equilibrium, different dissolving capacity of different categories of bound water. Currently, an increasing number of researchers are inclined to the fact that the difference in mineralization of subsequent portions of the solution indicates the existence near the surface of the solid phase of some part of the solution with a reduced concentration of dissolved salts - the so-called bound solution.

In the central part of the Tikhvin mining district under the thickness of moraine deposits underlies the Lower Carboniferous sediments, represented mainly by sandy-clayey rocks. During mining operations, these rocks are exposed in the sides of the quarries. The composition and properties of the rocks of the area were studied in connection with the calculation of the angle of embedment of the sides of the projected quarries, the development of measures to combat landslide phenomena in the slopes of mine workings, calculating the drainage of quarry fields, assessing the stability of working sites for walking excavators and other issues related to mining ...

Displacements of earth masses, called landslides, are very widespread on the territory of Georgia. There is almost no region where landslide phenomena would not bring harm to the national economy, annually destroying tens of thousands of hectares of arable land and pastures, forests, destroying railroads and highways.The most characteristic is the landslide region of the Kakheti Range - the watershed of the Iori and Alazani valleys. The northern part of the region starts from the Borbala Mountain and extends meridionally across the fold structures of the B. Caucasus. The southern part - the Tsiv-Gomborski ridge - starts from Akhmet village and runs parallel to the pan-Caucasian extension of the folds ...

A leading researcher of Russian hydrogeology, the first head of the Department of Hydrogeology of the Leningrad Mining Institute, Pavel Ilyich Butov was born on June 3 (15), 1882 in Orel, in a large family of a railway machinist. After graduating from the Orel real school, Pavel Ilyich entered the St. Petersburg Mining Institute in 1901. For his participation in the student revolutionary movement, he was expelled from the institute for two years in 1904 by the decision of the Mining Institute's Council.