Vol 55 Iss. 3

Replenishment of raw material reserves of non-ferrous metallurgy mainly by ores of complex composition, which are characterized by a fine mutual germination of minerals, and simultaneously increasing requirements for the full use of all valuable components of these ores urgently require the creation of new, more advanced technological schemes of their processing.

In mineral processing in a number of cases significant changes in the technological process occur due to the mutual influence of separated minerals. For example, in the practice of enrichment plants processing rich polymetallic sulfide ores (Zolotushinskaya, Belousovskaya, Berezovskaya, etc.), periodically reduced flotation activity of galena.

Fluidized bed of fine grains (aerosuspension) is known to be used to separate a mixture of particles of different size and composition in gravity concentration of minerals.

In the early fifties, for the first time it was established the exceptional importance for aluminum metallurgy of a peculiar process of introduction of alkali metals (and some other substances) into the interlayer space of carbon-graphite materials.

Existing industrial methods of obtaining some rare refractory metals (titanium, zirconium, vanadium, etc.) are based on the reduction of purified from impurities thermally stable chlorides of the corresponding elements by magnesium or sodium...

In spite of many years of practical application of methods of contact reduction and electrowinning of selenium and tellurium, the main part of researches is carried out on compounds of tetravalent selenium and tellurium...

The main directions of technical progress in non-ferrous metallurgy, stipulated by the Directives of the XXIV Congress of the CPSU on the ninth five-year plan for the development of the national economy of the USSR, are: increasing the extraction of metals from ores, improving the comprehensiveness of the use of raw materials, widespread introduction of closed technological schemes with full processing of semi-products.

Due to the insufficient development of technology and design solutions at pilot plants, as well as due to changes in a number of general conditions, the actual performance of the Tuvakobalt plant, commissioned in 1970, was much worse than the design.

For a long period of time the level of nickel production has been determining the indicators of technical progress in many important branches of technology both in the USSR and abroad. This is the reason for the intensive development of the world nickel industry, observed at the present moment and expected in the near future.

In modern pyrometallurgy of non-ferrous metals one of the most important places belongs to the converter process, which, along with ore smelting, is the main node of the pyrometallurgical scheme of nickel and copper production. At the USSR plants, converting is used to process copper, copper-nickel, nickel, polymetallic and cobalt matte, as well as ferronickel.

Recent decades have been marked by the emergence of fundamentally new technological techniques designed to intensify various technological processes. Among such techniques is the method of weighted layer. Production of non-ferrous metals (pyrometallurgical processing), oil refining, obtaining some building materials, sulfuric acid production, drying of grain, plastic masses and paste-like materials, granulation of salts and some other processes are developed to a greater or lesser extent on the basis of application of the suspended bed.

The horizontal converter, which has become widespread in copper and nickel metallurgy, belongs to the number of metallurgical units in which the conditions of blast feeding play a decisive role.

Methods for modeling electric fields in the electrolyte were developed by N. P. Gnusin and V. P. Mashovts. Methods for modeling electromagnetic fields were used in the works of O. Beckman, E. A. Meerovich, N. Schmidt, and V. N. Rudakov...

The equations discussed in the paper are applicable to the description of the statistical motion of particles of matter in the processes of metallurgy, mineral processing, chemical transformations, geophysics, etc...

The rapid development of industrial enterprises entails a significant increase in industrial waste, poisoning the atmosphere and water bodies. One of the sources of pollution is wastewater from enrichment plants. Their composition is complex and diverse, so effective analytical control of the content of toxic substances in them is not fully solved.