Vol 56 Iss. 3

In recent years, an exceptional amount of attention is paid to the problems of economic justification of the efficiency of exploration work. Nevertheless, there is still no generally accepted methodology for determining the economic efficiency of exploration work.

The problem of centralized accounting vvvdvvvdvinut all the practice of socialist construction: the implementation of the sectoral principle of management, the widespread use of automated systems in the national economy and the associated use of electronic and computing machines, further improvement and cheapening of the management apparatus and reducing the cost of its maintenance. For the coal industry, in connection with the elimination of multilink management and the creation of production associations, this problem is especially important. It is necessary to study it comprehensively and take such decisions that would contribute to the transformation of centralized accounting into a real management function with all the inherent qualities of this function.

At present, major qualitative changes are taking place in social production. The scale of production, its concentration, deepening specialization, structural shifts in the economy are sharply increasing. All these changes, due to the rapid pace of scientific and technological progress, complicate production relations, and therefore to management. This imposes higher requirements on management, as the improvement of management of the national economy largely depends on the efficiency of social production.

When solving questions about the order of development of deposits, about the allocation of costs for geological exploration, design, construction and operation of enterprises, when comparing the performance of existing enterprises there is a question of objective comparison of the comparative value of alluvial and primary deposits as sources of scarce raw materials - tin. This question is a part of a wider question about objective comparison of the value of deposits, on which mining enterprises can be created with different terms of operation, the structure of the index of reduced costs (by the ratio of operating costs and fund intensity) and the structure of fixed assets themselves (by the ratio of active and inactive assets).

In practice, the results of geological exploration works in monetary terms are evaluated in the estimated cost. In this regard, the issues of formation of specific estimated rates become important. However, these issues have been insufficiently studied so far. The development and substantiation of the principles of construction of cost estimates should contribute to their positive solution. The first steps in this direction have already been made.

In the Directives of the XXIV Congress of the CPSU on the five-year plan for the development of the national economy of the USSR in 1971-1975. before the industry set the task of increasing the efficiency of production, reducing production costs, ensuring profitable work of all enterprises.

Mining industry is a labor-intensive industry. This is confirmed by the share of labor costs in the unit cost of production (45-60%). Labor productivity in the mining industry is determined by natural, technical, organizational, psychophysiological, economic and social factors. In the conditions of scientific and technological revolution in connection with the improvement of tools and technology of works the most important role is played by technical factors.

The problem of increasing the productivity of social labor has always been a key issue. However, in the conditions of developed socialism, when the material and technical basis of communism is being created, the task of accelerating the rate of growth of labor productivity has acquired special significance and new content. In the period of scientific and technological revolution, increased opportunities of the national economy and a significant increase in the welfare of workers provided high rates of growth of labor productivity in all sectors of material production.

A necessary condition for further improvement of the efficiency of social production and accelerated development of the mining industry is the availability of correct, scientifically-based prices for the products of this industry. Prices for commodity products of the mining industry should correspond to the greatest extent to their economic basis - cost, take into account the consumer qualities of products and differential mining rent.

Mining products are intended for industrial and personal consumption. Therefore, only such minerals are subject to extraction, which by their material content must meet certain requirements of the consumer. These requirements to the quality of the product are fixed in normative documents - state standards (GOSTs) or technical specifications (TS).

The growth of labor productivity is a fundamental issue of policy and practice of communist construction, an indispensable condition for the rise of the welfare of the people, the creation of an abundance of material and cultural goods for the workers.

The planned increase in the volume of geological exploration work in the coming years, due to the need to expand the mineral resource base of the national economy, is associated with large expenditures. It is no coincidence that the Directives of the XXIU Congress of the CPSU as one of the main tasks is to increase the efficiency of geological exploration.

The development and implementation of automated planning systems, exercises are currently paid much attention. Modern industrial enterprise is unthinkable without optimal planning and control on the basis of the latest computer technology. However, the application of computer technology alone will not improve the operational planning and management of the enterprise.

In the Report of the CPSU Central Committee to the XXIV Party Congress, Leonid Brezhnev paid special attention to the fact that the Party attaches great importance to the improvement of Soviet legislation. This provision fully applies to the Soviet labor legislation.

Mineral losses have a negative impact on the economy of the enterprise and the industry, increasing production costs and shortening the life of mining enterprises. However, the inevitability of losses under existing mining technologies has a positive side: losses of minerals in pillars, depending on the purpose of the latter reduce to a greater or lesser extent the cost of fixing and maintaining mine workings; writing off in losses of substandard areas of the mine field contributes to reducing production costs.

Directives of the XXV Congress of the CPSU on the ninth five-year plan for the development of the national economy of the USSR determined the advanced rates of development of the aluminum industry. The expected increase in output in 1971-1975 will be 50-60%, and labor productivity will increase by at least 40%. Over the past five years (1966-1970), aluminum production in the USSR increased by more than 50%.

One of the most tangible results of the scientific and technological revolution is the increasing concentration of production. Only a large enterprise is able to solve a complex of issues related to the introduction of science and technology, the use of electronic computer technology, automation of technological processes, etc. Therefore, the organization of industrial management in the USSR is improving as a result of enlargement of the enterprise through the creation of associations.

Development of developed information support is one of the most important problems arising in the creation of automated control systems (ACS). The need to organize extremely large arrays of diverse information and operational reference to them (recording, reading, information search, processing) requires inclusion in the composition of the ACS complex and multifunctional information retrieval system (IRS).

When an accident occurs at a mine, the initial measures of struggle are put into effect, which are determined by a pre-developed emergency response plan (ERP), which contains a list of measures to ensure safe exit of people from the mine and the earliest possible liquidation of the accident.

The intensity of manifestations of mountain pressure is one of the main factors that determine the technical and economic performance of mining enterprises with underground mining method. So, without comprehensive consideration of manifestations of rock pressure can not be successfully solved the problems of optimal planning of mining operations, the search for schemes of location, fixing and maintenance of mine workings, providing high productivity and safety of mining operations. Development of methods of operational control of rock pressure parameters is an important direction of technical progress in the mining industry.