The article describes peculiarities and complicating factors when constructing wells in cryolithic zones. It also presents fundamental principles of methods of pilot parametric drilling for complex exploration of engineering-geocryological conditions of multiple-well gas production platforms. The article describes peculiarities of geophysical examinations within the complex of parametric drilling for clarification and correlation of log sheet, and identifying non-commercial gas reservoirs and interpermafrost head oil-filed water horizons in permafrost rock mass. We defined main ecological issues of parametric drilling and presented potential environment pollutants from well drilling in cryolithic zones. It concludes a list of factors, which should be considered during gas well drilling in northern zones for meeting the «safety – sustainability – low waste» criteria.
The paper analyzes the time periods with significant differences on the level of technology of mining, production volumes in mines of «Vorkutaugol». The features of an integrated system of labor protection and industrial safety, realized in the merger.
Developing preventative preventive measures is one of the key ways to increase the effectiveness of occupational health and safety of miners. Integrated use of probabilistic and expert - analytical methods for analysis of injury, in particular it allows to develop a plan and to deter-mine the frequency of short-term preventive measures.
In article the main marks of history of social insurance from operational injuries since the Russian Empire and are stated up to now.
Considered one of the most pressing problems of modern mining science - purposeful formation of man-made deposits by storing rocks - waste of the quarry. A more modern definition of technogenic deposits is introduced. Considered possible designs of stockpiles of rocks - waste quarry, their advantages and disadvantages in the formation and development. For economic evaluation of stockpiles, it is proposed to use only additional costs for the transition from the dump to the stockpile, the results of calculations with regard to the Kostomuksha Mining and Processing Division. An analysis of the costs of overburden and stockpiled rocks is presented, proving the profitability of the proposed project to abandon the outdated technological process of dumping in favor of promising storage of waste rock and temporarily unused rocks.
The article considers one of the most pressing problems of modern mining science - the problem of formation and development of technogenic deposits. It is known that modern technogenic deposits were formed by the method of bulk dumping, taking into account only two requirements: the minimum cost of dumping work and ensuring the stability of the slopes of the dumps. It is proved that the solution of the problem of complex use of technogenic deposits is connected not only with the possibility of increasing their consumption today, but also with the necessity of creating perspective sources of raw materials. In this connection the question of formation of technogenic deposits acquires paramount importance. The passport of the stockpile of rocks - wastes of the open pit of Kostomuksha Mining and Processing Plant is presented. The fourth main technological process of open-cast mining is proposed to be termed not as dumping, but as stockpiling.
The high profitability of open development of technogenic deposits is proved; on the basis of statistical data, the optimum volume of technogenic reserves ready for excavation of the tailings dump is established. When solving the problem set in the form of a statistical model, the analysis of random values with the conditional distribution function has been carried out and the solution regarding some a priori distribution of states of the mining and technical system minimizing the expected value of the loss function has been obtained. The necessity of increasing the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of design decisions in conditions of the market model of economy, the stochastic nature of the initial data is substantiated. It is shown that the development of man-made deposits at the achieved level of technology can become very cost-effective. On the basis of the Bayesian function, a general expression for the optimal amount of reserves accumulated in a technogenic deposit is obtained. The calculation is made on the example of raw materials accumulated in the tailings pond. The proposed methodology is applicable to technogenic deposits of any class.
The problem of accuracy and reliability of design solutions is a characteristic feature of the modern stage of development of all spheres of material production, including mining. The category of accuracy acts as one of the objective criteria of research results and affects them in two ways: on the one hand, it contributes to the progressive development of engineering and technology of material production, on the other hand, it plays the role of a filter, sifting out untenable scientific hypotheses, theories, and simultaneously stimulates the search for new, more objective models of the studied process. At the current stage of development of relations in the mineral markets and in connection with the need for licensing of mineral deposits, it is necessary to determine the risk of specific project decisions, which is derived from such factors as the ratio of reliability and uncertainty in the initial data; reliability of decision methods and the adequacy of evaluation criteria to real conditions. When solving the problem set in the form of a statistical model, an analysis of random variables with a conditional distribution function was carried out and a solution was obtained relative to some a priori distribution of states of the mining and technical system, minimizing the expected value of the loss function. Thus, the analysis of the risk of investing in the development of a technogenic deposit was carried out, and the feasibility of its open-pit development was determined. The necessity of increasing the accuracy, efficiency and reliability of design decisions in conditions of the market national model of economy, the stochastic nature of the initial data has been substantiated.
