The scientific and methodological bases of building a regional information and analytical system of extreme situations risk management have been developed, which is realized in the form of a computer system containing electronic databases on potentially dangerous objects and extreme situations, automated workplaces, applied software for forecasting and assessment of possible (probable) consequences of extreme situations on the basis of geoinformation technologies.
The concept of the regional informational and analytical system of emergency situations (ES) risk management, which is implemented as a computer system containing electronic databases of potentially dangerous objects and emergencies, automated workstations (AWS), applied software for the prediction and assessment of the possible consequences of emergencies based on geoinformation technologies.
A scientific, methodological and software and information base for the organization of environmental monitoring of potentially hazardous objects was created. The normative-methodical materials establishing the subject, content and order of organization of local monitoring on the objects of high ecological risk and in the zone of their direct influence were developed. The structure and composition of the information-analytical system with the use of geoinformation technologies were determined. The software of the data bank "Territorial register of potentially dangerous objects" was created.
The temperature dependences of kinematic viscosity of liquid stainless steels 10Х23Н18 and 20Х23Н18 have been studied. The existence of critical temperatures, heating above which is accompanied by irreversible changes in the structural state of the melt has been established. A model of the structure of liquid stainless steels has been proposed. The temperature-time regimes of stainless steels melting, providing the raw materials economy and improving the quality of metal products, have been developed.
Measures for the use of anthropogenic metallurgical waste in the production of high quality alloys are proposed. The relationship between the amount of casting wastes in the charge with the type and features of temperature dependences of physical and chemical properties of the melt has been found. As the amount of waste increases, the critical temperatures increase. The use of high-temperature treatment of the melt can significantly improve the quality of castings from heat-resistant alloys containing a significant amount of casting man-made wastes in the charge.
The conceptual and system-technical solutions for creating a digital library, which serves as an effective tool for access to knowledge and scientific and technical information in the field of nature and environment are considered. The main factors that brought to life the concept of creating a global distributed repository of knowledge on the environment and nature management are highlighted, modern approaches to the creation and use of digital libraries are outlined, new opportunities for their users to extract and generate knowledge are indicated. The experience of integrating Russian information resources within the framework of a number of programs and projects implemented with the support of government agencies is described. Based on the system principle, the following phases of information life in this project are singled out: input of information into the system, storage, navigation, search and filtering of editions according to definite features or their combination; output of information from the system. The ways of realization of input, output information and its search are considered. Effective mechanisms of search of the demanded information are given by DBMS MS SQL Server-2000. Advanced SQL-search tools allow you to form mixed queries for attribute search and contextual search.
The system of complex assessment for various objects of national economy is presented, allowing to rank them by the degree of ecological risk. Regulatory and methodological documents establishing the subject, content and procedure of local monitoring for high environmental risk facilities and their corresponding impact territories are developed. The structure and content of the computer database "Regional List of Potentially Hazardous Facilities", which is the core of the monitoring system being created, have been determined.
Temperature dependences of kinematic viscosity of liquid stainless steel have been investigated. The existence of critical temperatures, heating above which leads to irreversible changes in the structural state of the melt, has been substantiated. Directed thermal influence on the melt based on its transition to another structural state allows to carry out melt solidification in various conditions, to regulate morphology and magnitude of structural composition and to develop scientifically grounded melting modes. A physical model of the structure of liquid stainless steels is proposed. The analysis of the obtained temperature dependences shows that liquid stainless steels can be in different states, the temperature fields of existence of which partially overlap.
Measures for utilization of technogenic metallurgy wastes in the production of high quality alloys are proposed. Temperature dependences of physical properties of liquid superalloys are investigated, critical temperatures are determined, heating above which leads to irreversible intensive changes in the state of the melt. The relationship between the amount of cast waste in the scrap and features of temperature dependences of physical and chemical properties of the melt has been established. The increase in the amount of waste leads to the growth of critical temperatures. Application of high-temperature treatment allows to improve considerably the quality of casting superalloys, the scrap of which contains a large amount of foundry technogenic wastes.
