Mine surveyor, using in his work the nominal system of rectangular coordinates, should know how to determine astronomical azimuth. The method of astronomical orientation based on the San observation is expounded in the article. This method is easy and not involving any information about exact time of observation. In addition, there is an example of calculating the azimuth of distant point.
A new original method of determining the astronomical azimuth of the direction without knowing the coordinates of the location, sidereal time, and equatorial coordinates of the star is proposed. The azimuth is determined by double measurements of the zenith distances of the same star, horizontal directions to it, and measurements with a stopwatch of the difference of hour angles. A theoretical justification of the method is given and the most favorable observational conditions are investigated. The technique of measurements, sequence of field stages of work is given. The schemes of the observation log and calculation sheets are given. The proposed method will allow wider implementation of astronomical azimuth determinations in the practice of topographic and applied geodetic works.
A brief account of the main directions of research and engineering activities of the Department of Engineering Geodesy is given. The development of scientifically justified methods of complex research of three-dimensional deformations of tower-shaped structures and architectural monuments of Staraya Russa is continued. New formulas for calculating slope for cramped conditions were introduced. An analytical method for the processing of paired photographs for applied photography has been developed. Principles of coordinate-measurement systems application were developed. Methodological provisions for cadastral mapping using modern electronic geodetic instruments were developed for the cadastral evaluation of land and real estate of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. A new methodology for accuracy assessment based on tensor analysis and application of vector error theory was developed. Research in the field of mining geomechanics was continued: a three-dimensional computer model of rock mass along the oil pipeline route was created.
The new formulas for calculation of a roll of high-altitude structures are given.
