The basic electric characteristics of dielectric materials and products from them are their electric capacitance and resistance. The purpose of work was development of an express train – technique and the inexpensive, mobile device for measurement of these parameters of highresistance materials on a constant voltage. The principle of work of the device is based on use of transients in connected in sereies elements having electric capacity and resistance. In the electric circuit of the device the MOSFET with high entrance resistance is used. Applications of the device are possible for: estimations of the controllable, specially created porosity of dielectric materials; measurements of humidity of wood, concrete and other porous, loose materials; revealings of impurity in small quantities in especially pure substances; revealing crystal orientations of monocrystals, etc.
A comprehensive analysis of modern methods used for diamond identification has been carried out. It is shown that high thermal conductivity cannot unambiguously testify to the authenticity of a diamond, since synthetic imitations of silicon carbide have recently appeared. It is shown that electrical methods of gemstone diagnostics are promising but not yet sufficiently developed. A set of innovative electrocalcium methods for diamond identification is proposed. Techniques for measuring high resistivity, dielectric permittivity and surface potentials, which can be used in the procedure of diamond identification, are developed. An operational model has been tested in the study of new and traditional dielectric materials. The possibility of detecting differences in electrical and physical properties of externally identical materials using this method is shown.
