The paper analyzes the issue of seismic protection of the environment during drilling and blasting of tunnels. On the basis of experimental studies, an estimation of the size of the elastic-plastic deformation zone formed by the explosion is considered. A method for determining the parameters of seismic blast waves and their attenuation coefficients in the near explosion zone is proposed.
The problems of seismic impact of explosion on a tunnel are characterized. A methodology for determining the parameters in Sadovsky's formula for seismic wave displacement velocities based on the results of measurements at one point of the velocity time histories of seismic oscillations from subsequent short-term delayed explosions is proposed. The correlation between the parameters is established. The influence of errors in the determination of parameters on the calculation of seismically safe mass of the explosive charge is estimated.
The paper considers the issue of seismic protection of the environment and protected objects during drilling and blasting method of tunneling. It is shown that the creation of a cut-off slot reduces the amplitude values of seismic blast waves at least three times. This experimental fact made it possible to use the cut-off slit for tunneling the gallery of the Krasno-Polyansky tunnel using blasting.
