Vol 34 Iss. 3

Coal occupies the main place in the fuel balance of our country. In the decisions of the XX Congress of the CPSU for 1960 the level of coal production is determined at 593 million tons. This level can be achieved if there is a significant increase in labor productivity in the coal industry. As a consequence, the study of dynamics and identification of reserves of labor productivity growth in this branch of production is of great importance for the USSR economy.

Cost of coal in the coal industry as a wholeThe level of production costs of various industries during the war changed differently in comparison with the pre-war level. In the mining industry, including the coal industry, as well as in some other industries, the cost of production increased significantly.

Radical changes in the direction of development of fuel industry branches, improvement of the structure of the fuel balance in our country require from miners special attention to the issues of improvement of economic indicators in the work of coal enterprises.

In the Directives of the XX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unionon the sixth five-year plan it is stated: “All branches of socialist industry and agriculture have huge internal opportunities. To identify and utilize these opportunities in an economic way means to ensure not only the fulfillment, but also overfulfillment of the tasks of the sixth five-year plan”.

Coal production. The Soviet Union could solve the internal and external tasks that arose for the country after the victory of the October Revolution, and above all, the world-historical task of building a socialist society, only through socialist industrialization.

Second Five-Year Plan. The production of coal. The years of the Second Five-Year Plan are the years of further strengthening of the Soviet state, when the main historical task of the Second Five-Year Plan was solved: the final liquidation of all exploiting classes, the complete destruction of the causes that give rise to the exploitation of man by man and the division of society into exploiters and exploited.

The continuous increase in the national economy's demand for mineral raw materials makes it necessary to carry out geological exploration work on an ever larger scale and at a faster pace. Preparation of the mineral raw material base is carried out with a significant advance of industrial construction, so prospecting and exploration work should be given such a pace that will not only provide the industry with the necessary reserves of mineral raw materials for current needs, but also to create reserves ahead of the needs of industry for 40-50 years.

The XX Congress of the CPSU drew attention to the insufficient use of statistical data in economic science.In the course of mining economics found application of data collected by industrial statistics, and statistical methods in the analysis of reporting, planning and other calculations. Thus, in the course “Economics of the Coal Industry of the USSR” A. A. Zvorykin, D. M. Kirzhner and M. B. Kundin, in addition to operating statistical materials and methods, there is a section devoted to the presentation of the importance of issues of statistical method in the application of the mining industry.

The question of the structure of production is important both on the scale of the branches of the national economy and for individual enterprises. It is connected with reproduction in various branches, assortment of consumer goods and improvement of product quality.In statistical and economic analysis of shifts in the assortment and quality of products, the index method is of considerable importance. The system of various indices comprehensively outlines and quantitatively measures these structural changes and differences.