Submit an Article
Become a reviewer
Vol 170 No 2
Pages:
25-29
Download volume:
Research article
Geology

X-ray diffractional studies for crystal – chemical characterization and quantification of smectites

Authors:
Tim Bause
About authors
  • University of Mining and Technology
Date submitted:
2006-08-15
Date accepted:
2006-10-30
Date published:
2007-02-01

Abstract

To assess the quality of bentonites and their suitability for industrial applications, an accurate determination of the smectite content is required. Up to now, it was not possible to use the standard Rietveld method for quantitative phase analysis of smectite-containing samples because of the turbo-stratum disorder of many natural occurring smectites. In this article, a model is proposed to describe the powder X-ray diffraction patterns of montmorillonite samples measured under room conditions.

Go to volume 170

References

  1. Bergmann, J., Kleeberg, R., Taut, T. (1997): Quantitative phase analysis using a new Rietveld algorithm – assisted by improved stability and convergence behavior, Advances in X ray analysis, Vol.40, 425.
  2. Ferrage, E., Lanson, B., Sakharov, B.A., Drits, V.A. (2005a): Investigation of smectite hydration properties by modeling experimental X-ray diffraction patterns: Part I. Montmorillonite hydration properties, American Mineralogist, Vol.90, 1358-1374.
  3. Guven, N. (1988): Smectites – In: Bailey, S. W. (Hrsg.) (1988): Hydrous phyllosilicates, Reviews in mineralogy Vol.19, Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, 497-559.
  4. Koster, H.M. (1977): Die Berechnung kristallchemischer Strukturformeln von 2:1-Schichtsilikaten unter Berucksichtigung der gemessenen Zwischenschichtladungen und Kationenaustauschkapazitaten, sowie die Darstellung der Ladungsverteilung in der Struktur mittels Dreieckskoordinaten, Clay Minerals, Vol.12, 45-54.
  5. Meier, J., Kahr, G. (1999): Determination of the cation exchange dapacity (CEC) of clay minerals using the complexes of copper(II) ion with triethylenetetramine and tetraethylenepentamine, Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol.47, 386-388.
  6. Moore, D.M., Reynolds, R.C. (1997): X-ray diffraction and the identification and analysis of clay minerals, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, New York.
  7. Ufer, K., Roth, G., Kleeberg, R., Stanjek, H., Dohrmann, R., Bergmann, J. (2004): Description of X-ray powder pattern of turbostratically disordered layer structures with a Rietveld compatible approach, Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie, Vol.219, 519-527.
  8. Tsipurski, S.I., Drits, V.A. (1984): The distribution of octahedral cations in the 2:1 layers of dioctahedral smectites studied by oblique-texture electron diffraction, Clay Minerals, Vol.19, 177-193.
  9. Warren, B.E. (1941): X-ray diffraction in random layer lattices, Physical Review, Vol. 59, 693-698.

Similar articles

New technologies and materials for isolation of unconsolidated contour zone in salt rock disposal of toxic wastes
2007 O. Kaledin, M. Gryuner
Examination of energy and force parameters during rolling process using longitudinal slitting passes
2007 Mróz Sebastian, Dyja Henryk
Real approach to Phillips’ curve
2007 Jiri Balcar
The research of vertical displacements of the rock mass inside and in environment of the Kletno Bear Cave
2007 Joanna Andrzejewska
Present time and prospect development of individual farms in klodzka dale after join to European Union
2007 Magdalena Bogusz
Mine waste management in upper silesian coal basin (USCB)
2007 Jacek Nowak, Aleksander Frejowski