This study evaluates the effectiveness of bioremediation of oil-contaminated terrestrial ecosystems using a composition of organomineral ameliorants. The aim of the study is to establish the influence of ameliorants on reducing the phytotoxicity of oil-contaminated organogenic soils and to track the dynamics of the decline in oil concentration in the soil under their influence. The study is directed at developing an ecologically safe and sustainable method for cleaning soils from oil contamination, which minimizes the negative impact on the environment and contributes to the restoration of soil fertility. As a result, the optimal ratio of components of the peat-diatomite ameliorant (PDA) for activating bioremediation processes in oil-contaminated soils was experimentally substantiated. The following component ratio of PDA was recognized as the most effective for the bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils: peat 51.5-53.5 %; sapropel 31.0-33.5 %; diatomite 15.0-15.5 % (by mass of air-dry matter). A direct dependence of the efficiency of oil destruction in oil-contaminated ecosystems on the application of PDA in the recommended composition was established. The results of the research confirm the effectiveness of the developed PDA.

Results of studying optimal conditions and parameters for afterpurification of underspoil waters from metal ions using humic acids production waste are presented with a view to develop the efficient measures on environmental rehabilitation of ecosystems disturbed by the development of copper pyrite deposits. The influence of contact time and waste dosage on the purification process was analysed, changes in the pH of wastewater and its impact on the growth and development of plants were studied. The key factors were identified allowing to achieve the efficiency of the purification process – the optimal contact time in the range from 120 to 180 min and waste dosage of 10 g/l. The study showed that the use of waste resulted in a neutral pH value of 7.03 compared to the initial pH value of 5.95. It was ascertained that the use of iron-magnesium production waste in combination with waste from humic preparations production made it possible to achieve the MPC of commercial fishing importance (with the exception of magnesium). Wastewater after the afterpurification process with high magnesium concentrations did not have a stimulating effect on the growth and development of Lepidium sativum L. plants. From biotesting results it can also be stated that there is no negative impact on the growth and development of Lepidium sativum L. The results obtained indicate a potentiality of using afterpurified wastewater for watering plants in the process of initiating the environmental rehabilitation of the disturbed ecosystems.

Relevant problems associated with treatment of industrial wastewater from heavy metal ions are considered. Due to industrial development, the amount of wastewater increases as well as the risks of heavy metals getting into surface and groundwater, accumulating in water bodies and becoming aggressive environmental pollutants, which affect the animal and human organisms. To assess the possibility of extracting metal ions (Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Co²⁺, Cu²⁺) from industrial wastewater and their further treatment, studies were carried out on redistribution of heavy metals in the “wastewater – waste” system using iron-magnesium production waste. Samples of the investigated waste weighing 0.1; 0.2; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 g were taken for wastewater volume of 50 ml per each subsample. Contact time varied from 5 to 180 min, waste fraction was 1 mm. The interaction process showed that the waste efficiently removes metal ions (Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Co²⁺, Cu²⁺) from industrial wastewater. The efficiency of removing a pollutant from the solution depends on the weight of the waste subsample, initial concentration of metal ions, and contact time.