Общие замечания Хотя в промышленности двигатели внутреннего сгорания начали применяться уже давно — взрывные около 70 лет, двигатели медленного горения около 50 лет назад — однако теоретическое их изучение значительно отставало, как это часто бывает при внедрении новых путей технического прогресса. Основной проблемой теоретических изысканий в области тепловых двигателей вообще является определение максимальных значений термического к. п. д. двигателей при работе без потерь тепла, обусловленных побочными причинами, а не самим принципом преобразования теплоты в работу.
Effective operation of an air lift must be ensured by the correct choice of its main elements; at present, however, such a choice based on calculation presents significant difficulties and is often made at random, without a guarantee of reliability. The reason for this lies in the imperfection of the existing theory of airlift operation. Or rather, a unified theory of this device, so simple in design, still does not exist: we can only talk about various theoretical studies based on different principles. All these studies, to a greater or lesser extent, suffer from unfoundedness, vagueness and even fallacy of their main provisions and assumptions, as well as experimental unverification. The objective of this work is to identify unacceptable provisions of these theories, and to re-construct the airlift theory on the principle of elastic emulsion expansion, eliminating errors inherent in previous works. At the present stage, however, it may already be possible to apply operational curves to airlift calculations, as we did in this work (see article).
