Loading machines with bucket working body UMP-1, PPM-2, PML-5, EPM-2 (Table 1) and others, due to mobility and versatility, have received in the mining industry the widest distribution. They are the main loading machines when sinking excavations in strong rocks. There are a lot of unsolved problems in the complex study of loading machines operation. Thus, the literature lacks comprehensive data on the study of the main resistances to penetration of the working body of the machine, there is no methodology for the calculation of loading machines. However, on the study of the processes occurring during the digging of soils and bulk materials by the working bodies of earthmoving machines, there are valuable materials that can be used in the development of theoretical provisions and in the practice of loading machines.