A concept of the origin of asteroids and meteorites that is different from the generally accepted one is proposed. The solar system is considered as a physically "open" system of bodies, which is periodically exposed to a strong galactic impact, which became 4.7 billion years ago the cause of the destruction of Phaeton. On the basis of meteorite data, a deep connection between the shell structure of Phaethon and the modern Earth has been established, which allows us to better understand the nature of planetary evolution after accretion. The existence of chemical classes and groups of meteorites is explained as a result of mixing of material of separate inner shells of Phaeton and gas-dust substance of galactic comets. Having considered the range of processes currently taking place in the asteroid belt, which are important for understanding the nature and origin of other small bodies of the solar system.
In the evolutionary history of the Solar System, two rather long evolutionary stages are distinguished, separated by the relatively short epoch of the Phaethon explosion 4.7 billion years ago. Before this event, the masses of all planets, excluding Pluto, obeyed a single pattern, which was inherited by them from the protoplanetary stage. During the epoch of Phaethon's destruction, most of the planets of the Solar System underwent significant changes that affected their mass, structure, and composition. The hypothesis of the Moon formation is proposed within the framework of the general scheme.
