The spatial and genetic relationship of mineral deposits and ore occurrences with the geodynamic complexes of the Late Archean and Early Proterozoic greenstone belts of Karelia are considered. On this basis the place of ore-forming processes at certain stages of formation of greenstone belts is determined.
Analysis of the geological structure, composition of the structural-material complexes of greenstone belts allowed us to distinguish three types of such structures and develop geodynamic models of their formation. For each of the allocated belt types, productive formations (sedimentary, volcanogenic, intrusive), the staging of which they are formed, and the main ore-controlling and ore-rolling factors are determined.
Three genetic types of greenstone belts have been identified: plumtectonic, transitional, and playtectonic. The formation of greenstone belts of the plumtectonic type, caused by plumtectonics, occurred in the conditions of predominance of vertical tectonic movements on the basite composition protocols and led to the formation of microcontinents and primary accumulation of ore components. Greenstone complexes of belts of this type are characterized by the lowest ore content. The belts of the transitional type, which developed at the boundaries of microcontinents in the conditions of the initial form of plate tectonics manifestation, are the most productive; their structural-material complexes contain unique deposits of gold, ferruginous quartzites, sulfide copper-nickel and cupro-nickel ores. Pleitetectonic belts were laid down as riftogenic structures on the continental crust and developed in accordance with the Wilson cycle, which caused their complex structure and the combination of deposits that originated in different geodynamic conditions in space.
