The problems of assessing environmental damage to the population from atmospheric emissions of the enterprise according to the method of end-to-end environmental analysis are considered. Unit risks per unit of concentration of a harmful substance for the most hazardous substances in the atmosphere are calculated. The results of calculation of environmental damage for the city of Pervouralsk (Sverdlovsk region) and Severouralsk copper smelter (SUMZ) in the coupled system plant - city by the improved methodology of through environmental analysis with risk assessment, taking into account environmental and epidemiological data, and by the draft new methodology of calculation of environmental fines proposed by the Russian Government are presented.
A number of environmental safety problems can be solved by using the developed method of end-to-end energy-ecological analysis of technologies. When analyzing the energy intensity and ecological state of the technological chain in order to determine two economic components (energy and damage), a comparative analysis of economic damage from environmental pollution is carried out by two methods: risk assessment and payment of the enterprise for excess emissions. At the same time, the economic damage, defined in the context of consequences from the impact of hazardous waste on the human body, was determined depending on the concentration of emissions and the degree of risk. The comparative analysis of economic damage from environmental pollution according to different methods on the example of pollutant emissions by separate process units of JSC "VIZ" (Verkhne-Seletsky Metallurgical Plant) demonstrates a significant underestimation of economic damage determined by the method of regulatory fines.
