Kinetic characteristics of the process of iron(II) sorption by ferromanganese nodules have been found: reaction rate constants at different temperatures, apparent activation energy of the process. The limiting stage of the process, which is a redox reaction of the first order, was determined.
Kinetic characteristics of the process of nickel cations sorption by ferromanganese nodules were determined: reaction rate constants at different temperatures, apparent activation energy of the process.
Extraction of cerium (3+) with tributyl phosphate was studied. The extraction constants were calculated from the dependences of the distribution coefficient on the concentration of salvent and extractant. According to their values, cerium salts are arranged in the series chloride < sulfate < nitrate corresponding to the Pearson reduction of the "hardness" of anions.
In order to calculate parameters of purification of soils from 90 Sr the exchange isotherm of Sr 2+ Ha cations of iron (III) between Cambrian clay and aqueous solution with pH = 3 was studied. Isotherms of joint cation adsorption in joint presence are described by the Langmuir equation. Using the values of the Langmuir constants, the Gibbs constant and energy of ion exchange equal to 15 and -6.7 kJ/mol, respectively, were calculated. These values coincide with those calculated from the individual adsorption isotherms of Sr 2+ and Fe (III) cations on clay. According to the obtained constants it is possible to deactivate soils from 90 Sr contamination by means of ion-exchange washing with solutions of iron (III) salts, which is confirmed by field studies in the 5th quarter of Vasilievsky Island. The performed technical-economic assessment of the decontamination of the 5th quarter shows that the washing cleaning will give an economic effect of about 150 million rubles compared to soil removal and burial.
Adsorption of strontium and iron from aqueous solutions on various minerals was studied. According to the sorption capacity, the studied minerals can be arranged in the following sequence: Cambrian clay ~ kaolinite > potassium feldspar > albite > oligoclase. This sequence correlates well with the specific surface of the studied minerals determined by thermal argon desorption and their exchange capacity determined by methylene blue adsorption. Coefficients of distribution of Sr 2+ and Fe 3+ between minerals and aqueous solutions and ionic exchange constants between Sr 2+ and Fe 3+ were determined. The value of the latter value was 23.6 for albite and 17.1 for oligoclase. Therefore, aqueous solutions of iron (III) may be recommended for cleaning soils from strontium contamination.
