In work the analysis of the operational factors influencing toxicity of fulfilled gases of diesel engines is presented. Actions on reduction in toxicity are certain. The difference between concentration СО on the unsteady and established modes which strongly depends on a high-speed mode. The generalized dependences of concentration of toxic components on a high-speed operating mode of domestic transport diesel engines without pressurization and with pressurization are presented. Specific emissions of toxic components of domestic diesel engines from a loading operating mode are presented too. It is drawn a conclusion on necessity of application of devices and the control systems providing reduction of duration of transients.
The article presents general requirements to the environmental safety of diesel engines for underground operation conditions. The results of bench tests of diesel engine Mk. 3D6 are given. The tests were carried out jointly with CRDDI. On the basis of the existing methods of measuring and controlling the concentration of harmful emissions in exhaust gases the diesel engine condition is evaluated from the point of view of ecological safety. Dependences of specific concentration of harmful emissions on the diesel engine power were constructed. Possible ways to improve the serial diesel engine to low-toxic modifications are determined.
The results of calculations of efficiency of application of the main methods of normalization of the atmosphere of the open pit are given. As an example, the conditions of open pit Udachny of AK Alrosa and the basic models of dump trucks with carrying capacity of 100-150 tons of domestic and foreign production are considered. The model and the developed medicine allow to substantiate the choice of optimal transport complex taking into account the dynamics of mining works, the environmental factor and various models of loading and transporting equipment.
