The article presents a multivariate model for preliminary analysis of opportunities associated with the use of economic mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol. The article considers economic mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol, levels of their implementation, composition of greenhouse gas emissions in the main sectors of the Russian economy, main options for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Russia. A preliminary assessment of the total capacity of underground reservoirs potentially suitable for storing greenhouse gases at oil and gas fields located in the northwestern region of Russia is given.